Herzen University

It is shown that nonzero asymptotic nonadiabatic couplings of molecular states are a fundamental property of the standard Born–Oppenheimer approach to studying inelastic processes in collisions of atoms and/or ions. The given connections provide the correct boundary conditions for radial nuclear wave functions. It is also shown that failure to take into account nonzero asymptotic relations leads to physical artifacts. The solution to these problems is achieved by applying the reprojection method, which considers nuclear dynamics in the asymptotic regions before and after the collision in the representation of scattering channels and in the interaction region in the representation of molecular states.

Background: Traditional football teaching in school physical education often emphasizes technical drills and skill repetition, which can lead to reduced student engagement and limited development of tactical understanding. Game-Based Learning (GBL), particularly through the Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) model, offers an alternative approach that prioritizes tactical awareness and decision-making within authentic game contexts. Purpose: This quasi-experimental study examined the effectiveness of a GBL approach in improving tactical understanding and intrinsic motivation among secondary school students in football physical education classes in Kabupaten Dompu, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia. Methods: Eighty-four students (mean age = 14.6 ± 1.2 years; 52 males, 32 females) from two secondary schools participated in an 8-week intervention (16 sessions, 2×/week). The experimental group (n=42) received GBL-based instruction using modified small-sided games and tactical questioning, while the control group (n=42) followed traditional skill-drill methods. Tactical understanding was assessed using the Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI), and motivation was measured using the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) adapted for physical education. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests, ANCOVA, and Cohen's d effect sizes. Results: The GBL group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in tactical understanding (decision-making: 42.3%; skill execution: 31.8%; support: 38.5%) compared to the control group (15.2%, 18.4%, 12.7% respectively; all p < 0.001). Regarding motivation, the GBL group showed significant increases in intrinsic motivation (d = 1.24, p < 0.001), identified regulation (d = 0.89, p < 0.001), and decreased amotivation (d = -1.02, p < 0.001), while the control group showed minimal changes. ANCOVA revealed significant between-group differences favoring GBL on all measures (F-values ranging from 32.45 to 58.72, all p < 0.001, partial η² = 0.28-0.42). Conclusions: The GBL approach using TGfU principles significantly enhanced both tactical understanding and autonomous motivation in secondary school football education. These findings support the implementation of game-centered pedagogies in Indonesian physical education contexts and suggest that GBL may address common challenges of student disengagement in traditional skill-focused instruction. Future research should explore long-term retention effects and implementation across diverse cultural and educational settings.

The hemocyte transcriptome was for the first time obtained and analyzed in uninfected Planorbarius corneus snails and snails naturally infected with Bilharziella polonica parthenites (Schistosomatidae). Transcripts encoding all groups of immune factors previously described in other gastropods were found in assemblies. Pathogen recognition molecules were the most diverse group of transcripts encoding immunity factors. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) of 11 types were identified. The TLR set did not differ between infected and uninfected snails. The data expand the knowledge of snail immune responses to trematode invasion and make it possible to consider P. corneus as a new model for studying mollusk immune reactions.

A hybrid quantum model is introduced for low-energy ion/atom-hydrogen collisions. The model integrates ab initio calculations for low-lying states with asymptotic fitting for highly excited states, enabling fully quantum mechanical dynamics calculations that capture radial and rotational couplings across all internuclear distances, thereby addressing limitations of Landau-Zener models, which neglect short-range nonadiabatic interactions. Applied to the NaH system, the results for both mutual neutralization and excitation processes align well with fully quantum mechanical benchmarks for dominant channels. The analysis reveals the dominance of long-range ionic-covalent interactions for large cross sections and the significant influence of rotational coupling above 10 eV/u. Furthermore, discrepancies in weak excitation channels highlight the critical role of short-range non-adjacent couplings, which are often neglected in simplified models. This framework provides a robust tool for astrophysical non-local thermodynamic equilibrium modeling, thereby improving the accuracy of stellar abundance analyses.

In the context of the digital transformation of science and education, the widespread adoption of generative artificial intelligence models functions both as a useful software solution that optimizes routine processes and large-scale data processing and as a source of new risks to the quality of scholarly communication, requiring managerial reflection. The article examines the phenomenon of fake bibliographic information arising from the use of such models in scholarly publishing practices. The study includes an analysis of terminological diversity and substantiates the use of the key concept of “confabulation”, as well as a review of Russian and international research.Objective of the study is to analyze the causes, types, and consequences of generating unreliable bibliographic references and to determine the significance of the identified risks for managerial decision-making at both federal and institutional levels.Methodology and Methods present the author’s approach to selecting and analyzing published Russian-language scholarly works, followed by verification of their bibliographic lists, and propose a typology of identified confabulations with justification for its application.Results demonstrate increasing activity in the use of generated unreliable references across publications of various subject areas and types, including peer-reviewed journals. Key causes of confabulation are identified, related both to the functioning characteristics of generative models and to authors’ practices in using them. It is also shown that confabulated bibliographies can serve as an indicator of generated fragments within scholarly texts, which has direct implications for managing publication quality.Conclusions confirm the need to move from declarative regulation toward comprehensive managerial solutions, including the development of institutional policies for the use of generative technologies, revision of scholarly quality control procedures, provision of access to up-to-date tools, and targeted development of competencies for responsible use of artificial intelligence among authors, editors, and academic managers.Discussion highlights the risk of reproducing unreliable references through subsequent publications and the formation of “chains of dissemination” of false scholarly information. It emphasizes the need to consolidate research focused on detecting generated texts, with particular attention to bibliographic data, and proposes priority directions for administrative decisions. Finally, it draws attention to the lack of an organizational framework governing users' application of generative models.