Hillsdale College is a private conservative liberal arts college in Hillsdale, Michigan. It was founded in 1844 by abolitionists known as Free Will Baptists.Its liberal arts curriculum is based on Western heritage as a product of Greco-Roman culture and Christian tradition. The required core curriculum has courses on the Great Books, the U.S. Constitution, biology, chemistry, and physics.Since the late 20th century, in order to opt out of Title IX policies, Hillsdale has been among a small number of U.S. colleges to decline governmental financial support, instead depending entirely on private funding to supplement students' tuition.S.S.S.S.S.
Free-floating objects (FFOs) in interstellar space—rogue planets, brown dwarfs, and large asteroids that are not gravitationally bound to any star—are expected to be ubiquitous throughout the Milky Way. Recent microlensing surveys have discovered several free-floating planets that are not bound to any known stellar systems. Additionally, three interstellar objects, namely 1I/’Oumuamua, 2I/Borisov, and 3I/ATLAS, have been detected passing through our solar system on hyperbolic trajectories. In this work, we search for FFOs on hyperbolic orbits that pass near millisecond pulsars (MSPs), where their gravitational influence can induce detectable perturbations in pulse arrival times. Using the NANOGrav 15 yr narrow band dataset, which contains high-precision timing data for 68 MSPs, we conduct a search for such hyperbolic scattering events between FFOs and pulsars. Although no statistically significant events were detected, this nondetection enables us to place upper limits (ULs) on the number density of FFOs as a function of their mass within our local region of the Galaxy. For example, the UL on the number density for Jupiter-mass FFOs (∼10 ^−2.5 –10 ^−3.5 M _⊙ ) obtained from different pulsars ranges from 5.25 × 10 ^6 pc ^−3 to 5.37 × 10 ^9 pc ^−3 , while the UL calculated by combining results from all the pulsars is 6.03 × 10 ^5 pc ^−3 . These results represent the first constraints on FFO population derived from pulsar timing data.
Wideband timing of the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) datasets was first done for the 12.5 yr dataset. This method, where a single time of arrival and a single dispersion measure (DM) are measured using the entire bandwidth of each observation, proved to be invaluable for characterizing the time-varying DM, improving handling of frequency-dependent profile variability, as well as data volume reduction. The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) Telescope has been observing most NANOGrav millisecond pulsars (MSPs) at nearly daily cadence (compared to roughly monthly cadence for other NANOGrav observations) since 2019, with the objective of integration into future pulsar timing array datasets. In this paper, we show the results of integration of high-cadence, low-observing-frequency CHIME data with data from the NANOGrav experiment for an isolated MSP PSR J0645+5158 and three binary MSPs: PSR J1012+5307, PSR J2145-0750, and PSR J2302+4442. Using a wideband timing pipeline, which we also describe, we present updated timing results for all four sources, including improved relativistic post-Keplerian measurements for the three binary pulsars in this analysis. For PSR J2302+4442, we report an updated strong detection of Shapiro delay from which we measured a companion mass of 0.35-0.04+0.05M circle dot , a pulsar mass of 1.8-0.3+0.3M circle dot , and an orbital inclination of 80 degrees-2+1 . We also report updated constraints on the reflex motion for PSR J2145-0750 using a combination of Very Long Baseline Array astrometry and our updated measurement of the time derivative of the projected semimajor axis of the pulsar orbit as a prior.
We conclude the classification work done in the two previous papers of the same name. Here we add flexibility to the construction, thereby viewing the graphs in full generality. Our goal, as ever, is to determine which graphs do or do not occur as the prime character degree graph of a solvable group.
Misalignment dynamics, the nonequilibrium evolution of a scalar (or pseudoscalar) condensate in a potential landscape, broadly describes a solution to the strong CP problem, a mechanism for cold dark matter production and (pre)reheating postinflation. Often, when radiative corrections are included phenomenologically by replacing the potential by the effective potential which is a static quantity, its usefulness is restricted to (near) equilibrium situations. We study the misalignment dynamics of a scalar condensate Yukawa coupled to Nf fermions in a manifestly energy conserving, fully renormalized Hamiltonian framework. A large Nf limit allows us to focus on the fermion degrees of freedom, which yield a negative contribution to the effective potential, a radiatively induced instability and ultraviolet divergent field renormalization. We introduce an adiabatic basis and an adiabatic expansion that embodies the derivative expansion in the effective action, the zeroth order is identified with the effective potential, higher orders account for the derivative expansion including field renormalization, and describe profuse particle production. Energy conserving dynamics leads to the conjecture of emergent asymptotic highly excited stationary states with a distribution function nk(infinity) proportional to 1/k6 and an extensive entropy which is identified with an entanglement entropy. Subtle aspects of renormalization associated with the initial value problem are analyzed and resolved. Possible new manifestations of asymptotic spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) as a consequence of the dynamics, even in the absence of tree-level SSB, and cosmological inferences are discussed.
Scholars have increasingly argued that epiphanies should play a central role in the moral education of young people. In one of the target articles of this special issue, James Pawelski concurs with this general sentiment, though he cautions against overemphasizing epiphany and disregarding 'mundanity' in moral education, i.e., habit formation and moral betterment in everyday experience. In this paper, we argue that separating epiphany and mundanity into two domains of experience, while conceptually appropriate, runs the risk of overlooking how epiphanies transform mundanity itself. Epiphanies possess a unique power to shift our perspective on mundane routines and learning tasks, revealing them to be much more interesting, significant and full of value than we thought them to be. We call the capacity to recognize the deeper value residing in mundane life the 'epiphanic frame of mind,' and make the case that cultivating it constitutes a core aim of moral education.
