Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, or HKSH, is a private hospital established in 1922 in Happy Valley, Hong Kong.The hospital has more than 500 beds and various room types and facilities. It also has a 24 hours outpatient consultation service.HKSH has a School of Nursing, affiliated with The Open University of Hong Kong, which trains nurses up to degree level. It is affiliated with the Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine of the University of Hong Kong and provides clinical attachment opportunities for HKU medical students.[citation needed]With a height of 148.5 metres (487 ft), it is the sixth-highest hospital building in the world[citation needed], being 15 centimetres (5.9 in) shorter than Guy's Hospital in London.
Long-term outcome on breast cancer surveillance in BRCA mutation carriers are limited, especially in Asian populations where uptake of preventive surgery is low. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 722 female BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers enrolled between January 2007 and December 2024 in the Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry. Of these, 702 (97.2
Background: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for prostate cancer delivers high doses in few fractions but poses challenges in sparing adjacent organs at risk (OARs), particularly the intra-prostate urethra, bladder, rectum and penile bulb. Magnetic resonance-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) using MR-Linac offers superior soft-tissue visualization and daily adaptive planning, potentially reducing OAR dose while maintaining target coverage. This study aimed to compare dose-volume parameters among MR-Linac (ML), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and Tomotherapy (HT) plans for prostate SBRT. Methods: Thirty patients with localized prostate cancer were retrospectively analyzed. For each patient, three plans were generated: ML, VMAT and HT, using identical prescription and planning objectives. Dose-volume histogram (DVH) metrics were evaluated for clinical target volume (CTV), planning target volume (PTV), and OARs. Statistical comparisons were performed using non-parametric Friedman's Test with post hoc Bonferroni test, with significance set at a p < 0.05. Results: CTV coverage was comparable across all modalities. ML achieved significantly higher PTV Dmin and near-maximum doses compared to VMAT and HT. Notably, ML provided substantial urethral sparing, reducing Dmax and Dmean by approximately 3.3 Gy compared to both VMAT and HT (p < 0.001). Rectal dose metrics were also lower with ML, while bladder and penile bulb doses showed minor increases (<3.5 Gy), considered clinically negligible. Femoral head doses were reduced in ML plans. Conclusions: MR-Linac planning for prostate SBRT offers meaningful dosimetric advantages, particularly in intra-prostate urethra urethral dose reduction, without compromising target coverage. These findings support incorporating MR-guided adaptive workflows into SBRT protocols to enhance OAR protection and potentially reduce treatment-related toxicity.
AI models for drug discovery and chemical literature mining must interpret molecular images and generate outputs consistent with 3D geometry and stereochemistry. Most molecular language models rely on strings or graphs, while vision-language models often miss stereochemical details and struggle to map continuous 3D structures into discrete tokens. We propose DeepMoLM: Deep Molecular Language M odeling, a dual-view framework that grounds high-resolution molecular images in geometric invariants derived from molecular conformations. DeepMoLM preserves high-frequency evidence from 1024 × 1024 inputs, encodes conformer neighborhoods as discrete Extended 3-Dimensional Fingerprints, and fuses visual and geometric streams with cross-attention, enabling physically grounded generation without atom coordinates. DeepMoLM improves PubChem captioning with a 12.3
Background Clinically, lateralization and lesion characterization of adrenocortical lesions using ¹¹C-metomidate (¹¹C-MTO) PET/CT rely on image localization and lesion-to-contralateral SUVmax ratio which are prone to respiratory artefact on routine free-breathing (FB) PET and image noise. This study aimed to investigate the utilities of breath-hold (BH) PET/CT by comparing with FB-PET/CT. Methods ¹¹C-MTO PET/CT scans performed in our hospital from June 2024 to January 2026 were reviewed. PET started 30 minutes post ¹¹C-MTO injection (0.2mCi/kg body weight). Only patients who were diagnosed with active adrenocortical lesions on FB-PET (10-min acquisition) and could hold single deep inspiration for CT (10 seconds) and then PET acquisition (15-30 seconds) were considered. Lesions were contoured (MIM 6.9.6) on BH-PET, BH-CT, FB-PET and FB-CT images reconstructed in 2mm thickness. For each lesion, Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) between PET and CT contours were determined for BH, and FB. Using lesion volume on BH-CT as the standard reference, absolute percentage difference was calculated for lesion volumes on BH-PET, and FB-PET. Lesion-to-contralateral SUVmax ratio was computed. Paired t-tests were conducted for statistical analyses. Results 28 lesions in 26 patients (mean age 55.6, range 28-78; mean injected dose 15.0mCi, range 10.7-19.7) were analysed. Mean DSC on BH-PET/CT and FB-PET/CT were 0.63±0.14 and 0.47±0.18 respectively (p<0.05). Mean lesion size was 19.9±12.6mm LD and 5.84±13.38ml on BH-CT. Mean absolute percentage difference of lesion volume for BH-PET and FB-PET were 18.9%±16.3 and 45.2%±41.5 respectively (p<0.05). This was more pronounced in smaller lesions (<2.5ml: 16.2% vs 55.1%; >2.5ml: 21.3% vs 36.6%). Mean lesion-to-contralateral SUVmax ratios of BH and FB were similar (1.71±0.85 vs 1.68±0.79, p>0.05). Conclusions BH images can provide better co-registration and volumetric agreement of active adrenocortical lesions for visual assessment in ¹¹C-MTO PET/CT. Adding a BH acquisition to the standard imaging protocol helps localize and lateralize adrenocortical lesions, particularly small ones.
Treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) has entered the era of deep remission-oriented therapy, where minimal residual disease (MRD) has become a key indicator for treatment response and long-term prognosis, surpassing conventional complete remission criteria. However, the optimal integration of MRD into clinical decision-making remains to be established. This expert consensus offers evidence-based guidance on redefining treatment goals in the era of CD38-based therapy, incorporating MRD status into therapeutic decisions, standardizing MRD detection, and integrating new technologies to address current challenges. The consensus supports including MRD assessment in treatment evaluation for almost all MM patients and recommends a comprehensive approach that combines bone marrow, imaging, and peripheral blood-based assessments. For patients receiving CD38-based therapy, achieving and sustaining MRD negativity is strongly linked to improved outcomes. The timing and frequency of MRD testing should be adapted to treatment phases, and CD38-based therapy may be used as part of active maintenance strategies, especially in high-risk populations. Dynamic MRD monitoring is emphasized as a critical part of disease management. Both next-generation flow and next-generation sequencing are considered interchangeable for prognostic assessment, while peripheral residual disease detection is a promising direction for future disease surveillance. This consensus provides a practical framework for integrating MRD assessment into MM clinical management. Dynamic, MRD-guided treatment strategies may enable more precise risk stratification and personalized therapy, ultimately improving long-term patient outcomes.
