Prince of Wales Hospital is a regional acute government hospital located in Sha Tin, New Territories in Hong Kong. It is also a teaching hospital of the Faculty of Medicine of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK).Named after Charles, Prince of Wales, and officially opened on 1 May 1984 by Prince Edward's wife Katharine, Duchess of Kent, the hospital now provides 1,807 hospital beds and 24 hours accident and emergency service with about 5,500 staff. It is also the regional hospital responsible for the Eastern New Territories serving Sha Tin, Tai Po, North New Territories, Sai Kung and the outlying islands in East New Territories.The hospital is supported by the Li Ka-shing Specialist Clinics for specialty outpatient services. The Hospital Governing Committee is the ultimate decision-making authority of the hospital. The current chief executive of the hospital is Dr. Beatrice Cheng.
Conjugates of 4-(N-(S-glutathionylacetyl)amino)phenylarsonous acid (GSAO) with optical or radionuclide probes are able to image cell death in vivo. GSAO conjugates are retained in the cytosol of dying and dead cells via the formation of covalent bonds between the As(III) ion and the thiol groups of proximal cysteine residues. Here we describe the method for preparing a NODAGA-GSAO conjugate and its radiolabeling with gallium-68 (68Ga-NODAGA-GSAO) for positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging of cell death.
Purpose: To predict intrinsic measurement variability and reliability (any cause of data loss) in visual field (VF) results using a computer simulation model. Design: Computer simulation study. Subjects: One hundred thousand subjects simulated with empirical mean deviation, progression rate, variability, and reliability characteristics. Methods: One hundred thousand subjects were simulated to undergo 4 VF tests per visit, 3 monthly, over 20 years (long-term condition) and 4 VF tests per visit daily over 28 days (short-term condition). Permutations of 1-4 tests per visit over 3-, 6-, and 12-monthly (long-term) and 1-, 2-, and 4-daily (short-term) review intervals were used. Visual field variabilities were estimated sequentially until 3 consecutive visits returned variabilities within 5% of each other using a rolling window. The same was applied to reliability. The last visit of the window denoted the critical time to estimating variability using the consecutive clinical criterion (TcV) and critical time to estimating reliability using the consecutive clinical criterion (TcR) estimation. Additionally, we identified the critical time at which 3 consecutive visits were within 5% of the ground truth (critical time to estimating variability using the consecutive clinical criterion and comparison with the ground truth [TgV] and critical time to estimating reliability using the consecutive clinical criterion and comparison with the ground truth [TgR]). Main Measures: Critical time to estimating intrinsic variability and reliability. Results: The most intensive long-term approach (4 tests/visit, 3 monthly) required a median of 6 years to reach TcV. In the long-term, most subjects arrived at TcR within 2 years, but short-term testing (even with 1 test per visit) required only 5 days of daily testing. More tests per visit and more frequent reviews shortened the critical time. Average differences between the estimated variability and reliability at TcV and TcR and their ground truth results were clinically small (within 1 decibel and 10%, respectively). Mean deviation, progression rate, and variability were significant predictors of TcV and TgV for long-term follow-up, with no clinically significant predictors for short-term variability (R2 < 0.0001). Only reliability predicted TcR and TgR. Predictors had low coefficients of determination (<0.2). Conclusions: Longitudinal estimates of variability are not likely achievable in clinical practice, but short-term intensive VF testing unaffected by progression can return variability and reliability rates within reasonable timeframes. We provide a framework for the effect of variability for the likelihood of detecting differences in VF results over time, given reliability rates. Financial Disclosure(s): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
Purpose To review the current evidence on artificial intelligence (AI)-based diagnostic systems for ophthalmic emergencies and to evaluate their performance, clinical applicability, and implementation challenges in emergency department settings. Methods A narrative review was conducted with a systematic literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library (January 2015–June 2025). Studies were included if they reported AI models for central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION), rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD)/retinal breaks, acute angle closure (AAC), or infectious keratitis using readily available emergency-department imaging modalities (anterior-segment photographs, colour fundus photography, or retinal optical coherence tomography). AI architecture, imaging modality and specific devices, dataset size and source, level of validation, and reported performance metrics were extracted and critically appraised. Results Twenty-four studies met inclusion criteria. Deep learning models achieved high diagnostic performance in CRAO (area under curve [AUC] 0.96-0.99 from 2 studies), AION (AUC 0.97 from 1 study), RRD/ retinal break (AUC 0.888-1.00 from 7 studies), AAC (AUC 1.00 from 1 study), and infectious keratitis (AUC 0.65-0.997 from 13 studies). Promising results were also observed for smartphone-based fundus photography and portable OCT devices. However, most studies relied on retrospective, single-centre datasets with limited external or prospective validation. Conclusions AI demonstrates considerable potential to support rapid, accurate triage of sight-threatening ophthalmic emergencies, especially in resource-limited settings. Nevertheless, generalisability, data privacy, and integration into clinical pathways remain major barriers to routine adoption. Prospective multicentre trials with adequate external validation and privacy-by-design solutions are needed before widespread clinical implementation.
This study investigates the use of a bioinductive collagen scaffold patch to enhance the surgical repair of “degenerative” Achilles tendon ruptures in individuals with pre-existing tendinopathy. The aim is to improve tendon healing quality and enhance clinical function. A retrospective case series of patients with acute Achilles tendon ruptures and pre-existing tendinopathy who underwent surgical repair augmented with a collagen implant was analyzed. A mini-open surgical repair was performed using Krakow locking sutures with the augmentation of a collagen patch. Standardized rehabilitation protocols were followed, and participants were followed up for at least 6 months post-surgery. Nine participants were included in the study. No major complications, including re-ruptures, were reported within six months of surgery. Statistically significant improvements were observed in foot and ankle outcome scores. The Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment – Achilles score also showed progressive improvement. The use of a bioinductive collagen patch augmentation in patients with degenerative Achilles tendon rupture appears to be safe and feasible. However, the study's limitations include its retrospective nature and small sample size. Future prospective studies with a control group are needed to provide more comprehensive insights into the efficacy of this surgical procedure. This is the first published case series utilizing this novel bioinductive collagen patch to augment Achilles tendon repairs. These preliminarily positive results on improving the surgical management and outcomes of individuals with this challenging condition of tendinopathy complicated Achilles ruptures warrant further research in this area.
