香港体育学院

Physical exercise has been shown to promote psychological well-being. This study is the first to test the relationship between cycling and happiness and to identify the factors associated with the joy of cycling in Hong Kong, a Chinese community with low bicycle usage. The data were collected through an 8-week diary study (N = 443; 3536 observations), including reports of happiness after each bike ride. A multilevel model was used to examine the effects of weather conditions on the relationship between cycling and happiness, controlling for covariates such as weekday/weekend, type of cyclist, number of peers, age, and gender. A subsample (n = 200; 2874 observations) completed the Big Five personality questionnaire, allowing us to map the relationship between personality, cycling, and happiness. The results showed that the issuance of a thunderstorm warning, a red rainstorm warning, or a tropical cyclone warning signal diminished cyclists' happiness. Furthermore, individuals who scored higher in extraversion and agreeableness derived more happiness from cycling. Overall, the findings suggest that the relationship between cycling and happiness is not linear, as weather conditions and personality differences significantly influence the enjoyment derived from cycling. Happy cyclists tend to be extraverted and agreeable, and prefer to cycle in good weather. These findings offer valuable implications for mental health promotion in everyday life.

Purpose:This research investigates the epidemiology of acute sports injuries amongst elite fencers in Hong Kong, focusing on the unique injury risks associated with the sport's specialized techniques and equipment. Methods:A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected injury surveillance data was conducted involving 61 elite fencers from the Hong Kong Sports Institute over one competitive season, from October 2022 to October 2023. Injury data were collected and analyzed to determine incidence rates, types, locations, and mechanisms of injuries. Results:There were 182 recorded injuries, resulting in an overall injury incidence rate of 2.84 per 1000 training hours (95% CI: 2.43-3.26). Sabre fencers had the highest injury rate at 3.17 per 1000 h (95% CI: 2.47-3.86), followed by Epee at 3.05 (95% CI: 2.26-3.83) and Foil at 2.23 (95% CI: 1.57-2.88). Sprains (39.0%) and strains (28.6%) were the most common injury types, with the hand (16.5%), ankle (13.7%), and thigh (12.1%) being the most injured areas. Non-contact injuries predominated (61.5%), mostly affecting the lower extremities (67.0% of non-contact injuries), while contact mechanisms (26.4%) primarily impacted the upper limbs. Analysis of inciting events identified "landing" and "collision" as the most common identifiable causes. Time loss occurred in 5.5% of injuries, with 50% causing 8-12 days of absence, primarily due to strains (40%) and concussions (30%). No substantial difference was observed in injury rates between males and females (RR: 0.995, 95% CI: 0.74-1.33, p = 0.974). Conclusions:Elite fencers in Hong Kong sustained injuries at 2.84 per 1000 training hours, predominantly non-contact sprains and strains affecting the lower extremities. Sabre showed the highest injury rate compared to other disciplines. Time-loss injuries were uncommon (5.5%), reflecting mild injury severity. Targeted prevention strategies for sabre fencers and lower extremity injuries are warranted to optimize athlete safety.

Introduction: Wushu, as a competitive sport, integrates both martial arts techniques and philosophical principles. It demands precision, discipline, and frequently strict weight management, which can impose particular challenges on athletes and increase their susceptibility to unhealthy eating behaviors. However, the current research on the prevalence of disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) among Wushu athletes is still limited. Objective: To determine the prevalences of body dissatisfaction, distorted body image and DEBs among Hong Kong Chinese athletes across various sports disciplines and also explore the relationships between variables related to body image. Subjects: 100 Hong Kong Chinese athletes. Study design: A cross-sectional study. Results: Our findings reveal that the prevalence of disordered eating among the Hong Kong Chinese athletes was 4.0%, based on EAT-26 scores (EAT-26 ≥ 20), which appears to be comparatively lower than global averages. Notably, Wushu athletes exhibited a 15.3% prevalence of being at risk for disordered eating, with 25% of females and 11% of males. Furthermore, within this group, Wushu athletes recorded the highest mean EAT-26 scores (10.92 ± 12.40; p = 0.046) and showed elevated scores across its subscales in comparison to participants from other sports disciplines. Wushu athletes also demonstrated notably elevated body dissatisfaction (BD) levels, with an average BD score of 1.23 ± 1.24, highlighting their desire to achieve a thinner physique. In comparison to other athletes, Wushu practitioners may face a higher risk of developing DEBs. The findings might highlight the need to introduce suitable educational strategies tailored to their requirements. Level of Evidence: Level V, Descriptive Study.

Digitalization is the trend in sports science that can visualize and record the training progress for performance improvement. Many existing sports training systems either fail to digitize the training process effectively and accurately or are not affordable for consumers. This research aims to develop an affordable vision-based sports training system that uses a deep learning algorithm with a cost-effective camera to achieve digitalization. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this method and address the great demand for a consumer-grade baseball training system, a deep learning-based solution for batting digitalization is proposed. This system utilizes a low-cost Internet of Things (IoT) camera node connecting with a smartphone to capture three-dimensional batting motion. The smartphone displays the visualized data from the proposed algorithm. A lightweight model named simpler-RepVGG-YOLOv4 (SimRepYOLOv4) is developed to detect baseball. This model is based on YOLOv4, which utilizes RepVGG as the backbone, augmented with the convolutional block attention module (CBAM) and normalization attention mechanism (NAM). Testing results show that the Sim-RepYOLOv4 can reach an Average Precision (AP) of more than 99.14% with the least parameters compared to other classical models. The accuracy of the system-calculated distance on a baseball field reaches 96.9%. By using this system, a sport with small, fast-moving objects like baseball batting can be digitalized and visualized for consumers’ training in any place with a baseball practice net instead of a real baseball field.

Background: Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with PMS can pose notable challenges for female athletes, impacting not only their training routines and competitive success but also their overall quality of life. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of PMS among female athletes in HK. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Hong Kong Sports Institute Participants: A survey focused on the severity of PMS was conducted with a sample of 88 female athletes, mean age = 23.8 ± 5.28, from the Institute. Participants filled out a questionnaire covering their PMS using the Premenstrual Symptoms Scale (PMSS), their menstruation characteristics, body composition and demographic information. Results: 47.7% of female athletes in HK experience moderate to severe PMS, while the point prevalence of PMS stood at 17.0%, using a PMSS total score exceeding 50% of the maximum score were categorized as PMS-positive. The PMSS analysis revealed that fatigue (77.3%), abdominal cramps (65.9%), and abdominal bloating (60.2%) were common PMS reported by athletes who rated these issues as 3 or higher. Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple regression revealed a weak yet statistically significant positive association between age and the physical symptoms of PMS, as well as between body weight and the physical symptoms. Additionally, the psychological symptoms (Mean = 31.50 ± 10.48, p = 0.039) was found to be highest among individuals with a menstruation duration exceeding 35 days, compared to a menstruation cycle lasting 21–35 days (Mean = 25.32 ± 8.244) or fewer than 21 days (Mean = 23.00 ± 2.45). Conclusions: This study identified PMS as a significant concern among athletes. Addressing PMS requires considerable attention within healthcare services provided by the training institute to mitigate its impact on athletic performance. Level of Evidence: Level V, Descriptive Study.