Color image inpainting presents challenges in preserving inter-channel dependencies and structural consistency. While nonconvex regularization methods have shown effectiveness in matrix completion, their ability to maintain color fidelity and suppress artifacts in color images remains limited. This paper introduces a novel Quaternion Weighted Hybrid Norm Regularization (QWHNR) model, which encodes color images as pure quaternion matrices to capture both spatial structure and cross-channel correlations. The proposed regularizer combines a weighted nuclear norm with a Frobenius norm penalty and uses nonlinear concave weighting to induce soft singular-value truncation, thereby promoting low-rankness while preserving dominant components. In addition, a nonlocal self-similarity (NSS) prior is incorporated under the quaternion representation, leading to a nonconvex matrix completion framework with a corresponding convergence analysis. Extensive experiments on benchmark and real-world test images demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior reconstruction quality under both random and structured missing patterns.
Liquidambar is a classic example of the eastern Asian–eastern North American biogeographic disjunction, and its fossil record is critical for understanding the evolutionary history and taxonomy of Altingiaceae. In particular, associated vegetative and reproductive fossils provide key evidence for evaluating the long-debated circumscription of Liquidambar s. l., including the formerly recognized genera Altingia and Semiliquidambar. Here, we describe associated Miocene fossils from the Guiping Basin, South China, representing three new species of Liquidambar. The staminate inflorescence with in situ pollen of L. tengxianensis sp. nov. and the leaf of L. prechinensis sp. nov. show close similarity to the extant Chinese species L. chinensis, whereas the capitate infructescence L. mesoaltingiana sp. nov. is comparable to that of Chinese species formerly placed in Altingia. Together, these fossils may indicate that, by the Miocene, some lineages within Liquidambar had already acquired more distinct morphological identities than those seen in the mosaic Paleogene record of South China. This pattern may reflect early morphological differentiation within the genus or, alternatively, an overall increase in morphological variation driven by shared ancestral traits or convergence.
High-voltage LiCoO2/graphite batteries suffer from severe interfacial degradation-unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on graphite and structural degradation with cobalt dissolution on LiCoO2-limiting long-term cycling stability. In this work, a highly fluorinated electrolyte additive, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TTMS), is incorporated into a commercial carbonate electrolyte (1M LiPF6 in DEC/EC/EMC, 2:3:5 by mass) to regulate electrode-electrolyte interfacial chemistry and enhance cell durability. Theoretical calculations and electrochemical characterization show that TTMS possesses a high reduction potential, enabling its preferential decomposition on graphite to form a stable, Li+-conductive and low-impedance SEI. Concurrently, TTMS undergoes oxidative decomposition on LiCoO2, constructing a robust cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) enriched in fluorinated and sulfonate-derived species that suppress cobalt dissolution and alleviate electrode polarization. Benefiting from coordinated SEI/CEI stabilization, Li/graphite half-cells with TTMS retain 320.8 mAh·g−1 after 400 cycles (99.8%), while Li/LiCoO2 cells achieve 84.8% capacity retention after 250 cycles at 1C, markedly outperforming the baseline electrolyte (52.1%). Furthermore, LiCoO2/graphite pouch cells with 3% TTMS exhibit an approximately 20% improvement in capacity retention after 200 cycles at 1C. Overall, TTMS functions as a versatile, dual-electrode interphase-forming additive that simultaneously stabilizes anode and cathode interfaces, thus greatly boosting the cycle life and practical applicability of carbonate-based Li-ion batteries.
A new kind of signed permutations is proposed in this paper. Based on the standard permutation defined by {1,2,…,n}, we assign a sign (either positive or negative) to each number, including the boundary elements at both ends, the resulting permutation is called a signed permutation. Eight combinatorial statistics about ascents, descents, sign changes with respect to the signs are introduced. With the help of the context-free grammar theory, a series of combinatorial properties of such signed permutations are presented, mainly in the aspects of (homogeneous) γ-positivity, (homogeneous) bi-γ-positivity, determinantal expressions, Pólya-frequency, unimodal, log-concave, real-rooted, asymptotic normality.
