Humanitas University (Italian: Università HUMANITAS di Milano), also known as Hunimed, is an Italian private university dedicated to the medical sciences. The campus is based in the municipality of Rozzano, a part of the Metropolitan City of Milan, and is located within the Humanitas Research Hospital Campus.Humanitas University provides a six-year course in Medicine taught in English. They also provide a three-year course in Nursing and a three-year course in Physiotherapy, which are taught in Italian. As part of their speciality school degree programs, the university offers 11 courses. Including an advanced postgraduate course in Cardiovascular MR Imaging, a Master's in Endoscopy and a Master's in Urology.
Single-fraction stereotactic body radiotherapy (SF-SBRT) represents one of the most advanced frontiers in modern radiation oncology. While ultra-hypofractionation has entered everyday clinical practice in different fields of the oncological care, curative treatments in one session are increasingly attractive for the potential favorable combination of logistic advantages with safety and clinical outcomes.This collaborative systematic review promoted by the ESTRO SBRT Focus Group in participation with members of different disease-site Focus Groups collects the available data in support of SF-SBRT for the curative treatment of the main extracranial primary tumors.The findings highlight that, for specific anatomical sites, SF-SBRT is both safe and effective though the results emphasize the critical importance of careful patient selection and mandatory technological requirements for treatment planning and delivery.This collaborative work provides a comprehensive overview of current evidence and identifies key knowledge gaps for future investigation and upcoming clinical trials.
To provide a clinically oriented synthesis of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of bronchiectasis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and to clarify the key mechanisms underlying this association. Emerging evidence suggests a non-random association between IBD and bronchiectasis, with prevalence estimates varying widely according to study design and diagnostic approach. Mechanistic insights support a role for gut–lung axis dysfunction, including loss of mucosal tolerance, microbial dysbiosis, and immune cell trafficking. Clinically, bronchiectasis in IBD appears heterogeneous and may occur independently of intestinal disease activity. The increasing use of biologic therapies further complicates management, particularly regarding infection risk. Bronchiectasis should be recognised as a relevant extra-intestinal manifestation of IBD with important implications for diagnosis and management. A pragmatic, multidisciplinary approach is required, and further research is needed to define optimal screening strategies and tailored therapeutic pathways. Bronchiectasis is a frequent but under-recognized extra-intestinal manifestation of IBD. Awareness of the gut–lung axis and early multidisciplinary management are essential to balance inflammation control, infection risk, and respiratory outcomes in the era of biologic therapies.
Osteoarthritis patients undergoing THA or TKA were studied to compare the cumulative incidence of revision after perioperative denosumab versus alendronate. Denosumab was not associated with differences in the incidence of revision after THA but was associated with a higher revision incidence after TKA, mainly driven by aseptic tibial loosening. Osteoarthritis is highly prevalent, and the number of total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasties (TKA) continues to rise. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of revision associated with perioperative exposure to denosumab versus alendronate in patients undergoing THA or TKA for osteoarthritis. This retrospective cohort study used data from the Emilia-Romagna Registry of Orthopedic Prosthetic Implants (RIPO). Patients undergoing primary THA or TKA for osteoarthritis between 2011 and 2023 were included. Perioperative exposure was defined as at least one dispensing of denosumab or alendronate within 180 days before or after surgery. The primary outcome was first revision. Revision risk was analysed using cumulative incidence functions, treating death and emigration as competing events, and groups were compared using Gray’s test. The THA cohort comprised 129 denosumab and 922 alendronate users. Revision occurred in 4 denosumab (3.1
Papillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity (PRNRP) is a recently recognized renal tumor characterized by papillary architecture lined by a single layer of low-grade eosinophilic cells with apically located nuclei. In the latest WHO classification, they are not recognized as a distinct entity but rather as a morphological pattern of papillary renal cell carcinoma. To date, limited studies have compared PRNRP with eosinophilic/oncocytic papillary renal cell carcinoma (E/OPRCC), which they are not infrequently confused with, although a few previous comparisons with classic papillary renal cell carcinoma have already identified several distinguishing features. A comparative analysis of 15 of PRNRPs and 16 of E/OPRCC cases was conducted, evaluating their histopathological, immunophenotypic, interphase cytogenetic, and molecular profiles. PRNRPs demonstrated distinctive morphological features, including consistent apical nuclear positioning, absence of foamy macrophages in the papillary cores (p = 0.0001), and a lower nucleolar grade compared to E/OPRCCs (p = < 0.0001). Immunohistochemically, PRNRPs exhibited strong and uniform GATA3 expression and were negative for vimentin, CD10, and CD13, in contrast to E/OPRCCs. Cytogenetically, PRNRPs lacked trisomies of chromosomes 7 and 17, which were present in 40
