The Indian Institute of Plantation Management (IIPM), Bangalore, India, is an educational institution set up by the government of India to provide research, training and education in the agricultural sector, a sector that employs almost half of India's workforce. The Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Government of India, had set up a core group in 1990 with the primary objective of overlooking the modalities of setting up an institution providing management education in the plantation sector. After the acceptance of the core group's recommendations , IIPM was set up in 1993. It is registered under the Karnataka Society Registration Act. According to IIPM, it now gets sponsorships from the plantation sector as well as the Commodity Boards (Coffee Board, Tea Board, Rubber Board, Spices Board and other plantation associations).
This paper investigates the impact of geopolitical risk on market openness across 23 high-income and 19 middle-income economies from 1998 to 2023. The findings reveal that geopolitical risk enhances market openness in high-income economies but hinders it in middle-income economies. Economic growth and governance consistently promote market openness, whereas foreign direct investment is more effective in middle-income countries. These findings highlight the importance of institutional reforms and tailored policies to attract foreign direct investment and stabilise markets, thereby mitigating the effects of geopolitical risk on market openness. In addition, the findings point toward policy implications for bolstering resilience and openness.
Private Label brands (PLBs) are gaining importance in emerging economies' retail industry due to their substantial contribution towards profit margins. Hence, there is an unprecedented need for retailers to understand the key drivers of consumer choice for PLBs amidst prevalence of national brands. The purpose of this research is to investigate how the customers navigate through functional cues (like price, quality and packaging etc.), along with the relationship orientation that drives their purchase intention towards PLBs and National Brands (NBs). The study adopts a mixed method approach with two phases; the first phase a qualitative approach in which 18 in-depth interviews have been conducted with the urban customers who make frequent purchases in retail outlets. The data gathered from the in-depth interviews have been analyzed with the help of NVivo software following grounded theory approach and thematic analysis. The insights obtained from phase I have been subsequently used in phase II for designing attributes and levels for a rating based conjoint analysis of a sample comprising 478 customers from five different Indian cities for the quantitative study. The findings reveal that price is the dominant factor with respect to PLBs and relationship orientation is one of the dominant factors for national brands that drives purchase intention among the consumers. The research extends Fournier's brand relationship spectrum by embedding relationship orientation into a utility-based decision model, allowing emotional bonding to be treated as a measurable competitive lever. This will be facilitating the retailers in repositioning PLBs and design strategies for connecting with the customers emotionally.
ABSTRACT This paper examines the nonlinear relationship between the green quality of the energy mix and sustainable development in 35 OECD countries from 1995 to 2022. Unlike conventional renewable‐energy shares, the Green Quality Index (GQI) is an emissions‐weighted indicator that accounts for differences in the carbon intensity of energy sources and captures the environmental quality of the overall energy portfolio. We employ the cross‐sectionally augmented autoregressive distributed lag model, multinomial logit analysis, and panel threshold regression to estimate long‐run, regime‐dependent, and nonlinear relationships. The results show that higher GQI is positively associated with sustainable development in the long run and increases the likelihood of membership in the high‐sustainability regime relative to the low‐sustainability regime. Its association with the medium‐sustainability regime is positive but statistically insignificant. The threshold analysis identifies an estimated GQI boundary of 0.673. Below this threshold, GQI is positively and significantly associated with sustainable development; above it, the point estimate remains positive but is statistically insignificant. Economic growth exhibits a U‐shaped relationship with sustainable development, while stronger legal frameworks supporting women's economic participation generally improve sustainability outcomes. These findings show that the relationship between energy‐mix quality and sustainable development varies across stages of the green transition.
Aim: This study explores the effectiveness of NCDEX futures contracts in reducing price risks for coriander crops (stakeholders). NCDEX (National Commodity and Derivatives Exchange) offers futures contracts to manage risks, hedging practices, and price discovery mechanisms. Study Design: Non-probability and purposive sampling techniques are used for the study area, sample size selection, and selection of stakeholders as they are selected based on language, time duration, some telephonic interviews, etc, and convenience sampling is used for the preparation of the questionnaire through Google form .Analysis the all phases using technical indicators like Candle stick chart, Bollinger bands, %B, ADX-Average Directional Index, Moving Average Exponential (EMA) and Relative Strength Index (RSI),MACD- Moving Average Convergence and Divergence, CCI-Commodity Channel Index, and Stochastic RSI provides more valuable insights for anticipating future trends. Econometric models like VAR (Vector Auto-Regression) was used especially in monthly prices of Coriander crop. Methodology: In this study, data was collected from primary and secondary sources such as farmers in major coriander cultivating areas, and NCDEX data respectively. The research is conducted incoriander-producing regions such as Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, and Assam. Hence, purposively the regions have been selected to know their perception towards coriander crop, some important information gathered for my research. The total sample size is 300. Findings and Results: Price volatility is a significant challenge for coriander farmers and traders due to seasonal production patterns, unpredictable weather, and fluctuations in demand. The study found key barriers, along with scarce resources like awareness, infrastructure, and less number of participants in cultivation. This research includes suggestions to improve the adoption of future contracts, focus on policy support, quality education, and enhanced market access. Over the last 10 years, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan have remained the top producers of coriander, with consistent growth in both area and production because of favorable conditions and better farming practices. India consistently contributes over 60% of the global coriander production, Turkey remains the 2nd largest producer. The ‘r’ value is 0.924428969, ‘p’ value is 0.00013, so there is a significant relation between Area’ (thousand hectares) and ‘Production’ (thousand metric tons). ‘t-value’ is 6.856, which indicates that the observed correlation is very far from expected under the null hypothesis. The F- value is 0.0000529183 so there is a significant impact of the Production in thousand metric tons and Productivity in kg/ha. The adjusted R-square value is 86.892; therefore, 87 % of this variance of the dependent variable is explained by the independent variable, it has a positive impact on output. So there is a linear relationship between Production in thousand metric tons and Productivity in kg/ha. Policy Recommendations: Strengthen farmer awareness & particiation in future markets, improve market infrastructure at spot market, enhance contract design and delivery mehanisams, strengthen price discovery & transparency, facilitate PPP (public-private –partnership) in commodity markets, and policy support for FPO- based collective hedging.
This study provides a framework for critical evaluation of the Fourth Industrial Revolution Technology's (4IR) association on farmer-producer organizations' (FPO) efficiency and effectiveness. The key strength of this research is the integration of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE), which provides a holistic framework for understanding individual and organizational factors that associate with 4IR and FPOs. This research examines 4IR acceptance status and its association with FPO success and development in light of the growing number of FPOs in India due to agricultural and sectoral changes. According to a survey of 100 established FPOs, campaign conceptualization and application in crop production are more important than understanding and accepting more complex production technologies. The research results also identified important environmental apprehensions that could impede the FPOs' preparation for the technology, leading to specific recommendations. The tested study results have inspired more research on the FPO framework correction. The research is important as it forecasts a spurt in the number of FPOs in India in the coming years. By critically assessing organizations' readiness, policy evaluators and implementors, support organizations, and leaders of similarly concerned entities can promote sustainable livelihood changes and income-elevating productivity technologies.
