Reconstituted high-density lipoproteins (rHDL) are promising nanocarriers for theranostic applications in oncology due to their tumour-targeting capabilities through SR-B1 receptor recognition. DOTA-modified rHDL enables radiolabelling with several radiometals for imaging and therapy. However, comprehensive dosimetric data comparing multiple radionuclides are lacking. In this work, absorbed doses in healthy organs from DOTA-rHDL radiolabelled with 177Lu were calculated. Such doses were also estimated using radionuclides for potential theranostic applications such as 47Sc, 52Mn, 67Cu, 67Ga, 89Zr, 111In and 155Tb which half-lives are shorter but close to that of 177Lu. DOTA-rHDL nanoparticles were prepared according to a previous method and characterised by dynamic light scattering. Biodistribution studies were conducted in healthy CD-1 mice at multiple time points (2, 24, 48, and 120 h post-injection) following intravenous administration of DOTA-rHDL radiolabelled with 177Lu. Biokinetic and time-activity models were generated for major organs, and absorbed doses were calculated based on the Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) formalism, with organ masses adjusted to human physiology. From the biokinetic models, time-activity models for the radionuclides 47Sc, 52Mn, 67Cu, 67Ga, 89Zr, 111In and 155Tb were also generated and absorbed doses calculated.All radionuclides showed accumulation in the liver, kidneys, and spleen, consistent with reticuloendothelial system (RES) clearance. 52Mn-DOTA-rHDL exhibited the highest absorbed doses in all organs due to its high-energy, and high-abundance gamma ray emissions while 67Ga and 111In demonstrated more favourable dosimetric profiles. Blood clearance exhibited biphasic kinetics with biological half-lives varying among radionuclides. This comparative dosimetric analysis provides crucial data for selecting suitable radionuclides for DOTA-rHDL-based theranostics. The absorbed doses in healthy organs are within acceptable limits, supporting the clinical translation potential of DOTA-rHDL nanoparticles.
We make use of the perturbation theory for modified gravity models that we developed in previous works and apply it to construct the fullshape galaxy power spectrum for the Symmetron modified gravity model. First, we study the growth rate, that is a scale dependent quantity, and compare our results with those of the n = 1 Hu-Sawcki (HS) model, finding that the Symmetron has a growth quite similar to the HS F6 in the wavenumber interval 0.01 <= k <= 0.1 and for redshifts where Symmetron model is viable. We also propose a growth parametrization that turns to be a good approximation for the HS and Symmetron models, with a deviation less than 0.6%. To compute the RSD multipoles we employ an expansion of the velocity moments generating function that is suitable for general modified gravity models. Later, we apply the fk-Perturbation Theory (fkPT) approximation to reduce the computation time of nonlinear kernels, to find the fullshape galaxy power spectrum for the Symmetron, and study the differences with HS model. The RSD multipoles of the Symmetron result similar to those of the HS F6 model. Next, we integrate this theory to an MCMC sampler and validate our results by fitting our parameters to EZMocks to recover the parameters that bring the model to GR. We found a similar agreement in the model validation between Symmetron and F6 model, recovering the simulation cosmological parameters, and concluding that our pipeline is ready to make cosmological parameters' inference with real data.
We investigate the impact of spatial curvature, Ω_k, and dynamical dark energy on the cosmological constraints of the neutrino mass sum, ∑ m_ν. Using a joint analysis of the latest CMB (Planck and ACT DR6), BAO (DESI DR2) and SNe Ia (DESY5 and DES-Dovekie) datasets, we perform an exploration of the neutrino mass parameter space. To mitigate prior-driven biases near the physical boundary, we implement a symmetric extension wrapper that allows for effective negative masses. We find that the inclusion of spatial curvature significantly modifies the posterior distributions, exhibiting a smooth transition across the ∑ m_ν= 0 threshold. In the ΛCDM + Ω_k + ∑ m_ν,eff framework, we obtain ∑ m_ν,eff = -0.011^+0.052_-0.050, reducing the tension with the terrestrial lower limit of 0.06 eV from 2.59σ for the ΛCDM + ∑ m_ν,eff model to 1.17σ. For the most flexible scenario w_0 w_aCDM + Ω_k + ∑ m_ν,eff, we find ∑ m_ν,eff = -0.07 ± 0.11 with a tension of 1.13σ, illustrating how the increased parameter freedom notably degrades the precision of the mass estimate compared to simpler extensions. Our results demonstrate that current cosmological bounds on ∑ m_ν are heavily influenced by boundary effects and geometric degeneracies.
In this study, hydroxyapatite was synthesized using a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O) and ammonium phosphate ((NH4)2HPO4) served as precursors in a pH 10 ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) solution. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was employed as a surfactant at varying concentrations of 0 (M0), 0.1% (M1), 0.2% (M2), and 0.3%wt (M3) to control particle size and morphology. The synthesized samples were characterized using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The addition of PVP during synthesis resulted in Ca/P ratios ranging from 0.93 to 1.37, and promoted predominantly rod-like morphologies. Samples M1 and M3 exhibited average diameters of 11.23-104.24 nm and lengths of 47.21-222.32 nm. XRD analysis confirmed the presence of both hexagonal and monoclinic phases, with crystallite sizes varying from 18.66 to 22.49 nm. FTIR spectra of sample M1 revealed an elongation at 3432 cm-1 corresponding to OH- groups, indicative of water absorption within the material structure. Vibrational bands at 2950-2300, 1090, and 975 cm-1, attributed to C-H bonds in PVP were also identified. These findings highlight the influence of PVP concentration on the structural and morphological properties of hydroxyapatite, providing insights into its potential applications in various fields.
The synthesis of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) from lignocellulosic pineapple stubble provides a renewable alternative to conventional cellulose sources for pharmaceutical applications. This study aimed to obtain NaCMC from pineapple biomass, characterize it according to pharmacopoeial specifications, and formulate hydrogels as a physicochemical proof-of-concept for future drug delivery and tissue regeneration applications. NaCMC was successfully synthesized and met the requirements of the Mexican Pharmacopoeia. Hydrogels were prepared by blending NaCMC with gelatin and crosslinking with citric acid. Spectroscopic, morphological, and thermal analyses confirmed the structural equivalence between pineapple-derived NaCMC (NaCMC-Pi) and commercial NaCMC (NaCMC-Co). Swelling and gel fraction studies showed that NaCMC-Pi hydrogels exhibited a higher gel fraction, indicating a more crosslinked network, which corresponded to lower swelling capacity but higher thermal stability compared to NaCMC-Co hydrogels. Overall, these results demonstrate that pineapple stubble is a viable source of pharmaceutical-grade NaCMC and that the resulting hydrogels provide a robust physicochemical basis for future biomedical validation. The use of agro-industrial residues additionally offers a complementary sustainability benefit without compromising pharmaceutical performance.
