The sound horizon scale rs is a key source of information for measurements of H0 from early-time data, and is therefore a common target of new physics proposed to solve the Hubble tension. We present a sub-2% measurement of the Hubble constant that is independent of this scale, using data from the first data release of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI DR1). Building on previous work, we remove dependency on the sound horizon size using a heuristic rescaling procedure at the power spectrum level. A key innovation is the inclusion of uncalibrated (agnostic to rs) post-reconstruction BAO measurements from DESI DR1, as well as using the CMB acoustic scale theta & lowast; as a high-redshift anchor. Uncalibrated type-Ia supernovae are often included as an independent source of ohm m information; here we demonstrate the robustness of our results by additionally considering two supernova-independent alternative datasets. We find somewhat higher values of H0 relative to our previous work: 69.2+1.3-1.4, 70.3+1.4-1.2, and 69.6+1.3-1.8 km s-1 Mpc-1 respectively when including measurements from i) Planck/ACT CMB lensing & times; unWISE galaxies, ii) the DES Year 3 6 & times;2pt analysis, and iii) Planck/ACT CMB lensing + the DES Year 5 supernova analysis. These remarkably consistent constraints achieve better than 2% precision; they are among the most stringent sound horizon-independent measurements from LSS to date, and provide a powerful avenue for probing the origin of the Hubble tension.
This study analyzes four alternative cycle configurations for the traditional vapor compression system used in conventional, hybrid, and electric vehicles, taking low-GWP alternatives for the substitution of R134a. These are cycle with an internal heat exchanger and thermostatic expansion valve (IHX + TEV); cycle with an internal heat exchanger and short tube (IHX + ST); cycle with an ejector (EC); and cycle with an ejector and internal heat exchanger (EC + IHX). Similarly, the energy, exergy, exergoeconomic, and environmental impact of these configurations were analyzed using synthetic refrigerants with a GWP of less than 150. The results indicate that, using the EC + IHX configuration, the COP for refrigerants R1234yf, R1234ze(E), R1243zf, and R516A is the highest, increasing by more than 20%. Using R1243zf in the EC configuration can reduce the total cost ratio compared to other refrigerants. On the other hand, the use of IHX cycle configurations with R444A and R445A decreases the exergy efficiency and increases the total cost ratio by up to 35% and 70%, respectively. Additionally, the Total Equivalent Warming Impact (TEWI) analysis showed reductions up to 20% for ejector cycle configurations using R1234ze(E), R1234yf, R1243zf, and R516A.
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to know the joint influence that internet addiction and burnout exert on the academic performance of business management students in Mexico.Design/methodology/approachThe study was quantitative, exploratory, observational, and cross-sectional, where 428 business management students from public and private universities in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico.FindingsAccording to the results obtained, it is shown that internet addiction is a factor that positively influences the academic performance and academic burnout of business management students. On the other hand, academic burnout is a factor that negatively influences academic performance. Likewise, burnout represents a mediating variable between internet addiction and academic performance.Research limitations/implicationsThis research analyzed the academic performance explained through burnout and internet addiction of business administration students in Mexico, considered as some of the main factors that indicate the development of the skills in new business owners, entrepreneurs, as well as business managers at different levels and sectors.Practical implicationsThe academic performance of business management students is one of the main factors that will allow them to develop skills and abilities to create new economic entities through their entrepreneurship.Originality/valueThese problems are relevant and of great value because, in the literature, there is no sufficient investigation to analyze the academic loss and internet addiction from a new perspective that affects the academic performance of business management students.
Water pollution from dyes and heavy metal ions poses risks to human health and the environment. Biomass waste offers a low-cost, eco-friendly platform for developing adsorbents with suitable physicochemical properties; however, integration with advanced material design and scalability assessment remains limited, as studies often focus on adsorption performance, hindering practical implementation. In this study, pristine biochar (PrBC), biochar/Fe₃O₄ (BC-Fe), and biochar/ZnO (BC-Zn) derived from Ricinus communis pod waste were prepared and comprehensively characterized (FTIR, UV–vis, XRD, SEM-EDS, TGA, gas adsorption, and cyclic voltammetry). Adsorption performance, dose and concentration effects, and removal mechanisms for methylene blue (MB) and Cr(VI) were evaluated. At 100 ppm, MB adsorption was 18.8 (PrBC), 28.3 (BC-Fe), and 35.6 mg g− 1 (BC-Zn); BC-Zn performed best. Cr(VI) adsorption reached 3.1, 4.3, and 6.3 mg g− 1 for PrBC, BC-Fe, and BC-Zn; all showed > 98
This work proposes an integral-enhanced nonlinear PI2 state observer for the robust estimation of unmeasured states in nonlinear dynamic systems, with experimental validation on a flat-panel photobioreactor. The observer is designed as a virtual sensor to reconstruct key biological variables using a reduced set of online measurements and known operating conditions. Compared with a conventional extended Luenberger observer, the proposed structure improves estimation accuracy and robustness against constant disturbances and model mismatch, which are common in bioprocess applications. The experimental results show a clear performance advantage during transient growth phases while highlighting that the method relies on a locally valid model structure and appropriate gain tuning. Overall, the proposed observer provides a practical and scalable monitoring tool for nonlinear systems where the direct measurement of critical state is not feasible.
