An orthoset is a non-empty set X together with a symmetric binary relation ⊥ and a constant 0 such that x⊥̸x for any x≠0, and 0⊥x for any x. Maps f:X→Y and g:Y→X between orthosets are said to form an adjoint pair if, for any x∈X and y∈Y, f(x)⊥y is equivalent to x⊥g(y). Hilbert spaces, equipped with the usual orthogonality relation and the zero vector, provide the motivating examples of orthosets. The usual adjoints of bounded linear maps between Hilbert spaces are adjoints also in our sense.We investigate dagger categories of orthosets and maps between them, requiring that any morphism and its dagger form an adjoint pair. We indicate conditions under which such a category is unitarily dagger equivalent to a dagger category of complex Hilbert spaces and bounded linear maps.
Chromatographic separations of the EtOH extract prepared from the whole plant of Cynanchica bornmuelleri yielded 13 secondary metabolites, including seven iridoid glycosides, morindalin A (1), geniposidic acid (2), asperulosidic acid (3), asperulosidic acid methyl ester (4), deacetylasperulosidic acid (5), scandoside (6), and asperuloside (7), two flavonoid glycosides, vicenin 2 (8) and rutin (9), one dihydrochalcone glycoside, 3′,5′-di-C-β-glucopyranosylphloretin (10), one neolignan glycoside, dehydroconiferyl alcohol 4-O-β-glucopyranoside (11), one caffeoylquinic acid, chlorogenic acid (12), as well as a triterpene, ursolic acid (13). Their structures were characterized by 1D and 2D NMR and HRMS analyses. Compound 1 is a rare type of iridoid glycoside featuring a double bond between C-6 and C-7 in the cyclopentane ring. The crude extract, solvent fractions, and isolated compounds were evaluated for their in vitro anti-inflammatory activities in LPS-stimulated THP1-Blue™ NF-κB cells, using prednisolone as a positive control. Although the n-BuOH fraction exhibited remarkable NF-κB inhibitory activity (reducing NF-κB activity to 61%), the purified compounds (1–13) did not exert significant effects at the tested concentrations. This work represents the first report on the phytochemical composition and bioactivity of C. bornmuelleri, an endemic species to Türkiye. The chemotaxonomic importance of isolates was also discussed.
Civically active people online are usually more prone to careless information sharing. Thus, although usually framed positively, the youth civic engagement can also result in the sharing of potentially harmful content. However, the evidence on underage social media users is limited. This paper focuses on two factors that can potentially influence online behavior: one through well-being, and the second through information navigation and processing digital literacy. A three-wave random intercept cross-lagged panel model was employed, and the analyses were conducted on adolescents (Mage = 14.3; N = 2660) from Estonia, Germany, Italy, Poland, and Portugal. The data was collected between Spring 2021 and Spring 2023. Between-person associations between online civic engagement and well-being, and between online civic engagement and information navigation and processing literacy, were supported. This means more engaged adolescents are also more dissatisfied and have higher digital literacy, corroborating the existing literature. There were only limited within-person associations between careless sharing and information navigation and processing literacy; however, none of them supported the proposed associations.
Background Although inclusive education places strong emphasis on addressing all students’ strengths and needs, the understanding of student diversity in its broadest sense remains limited. Studies exploring how inclusion is implemented tend to focus on specific groups of learners (e.g., students with SEN or those from socio-culturally disadvantaged backgrounds). However, this methodological shortcut has been repeatedly highlighted in review studies as a limitation that distorts the findings of research on inclusive education for all. To successfully address the learning characteristics of all students in heterogeneous classrooms, teachers must use inclusive practices. Aims The aim of this research was to explore how the practices of highly inclusive teachers address all students’ learning characteristics, enabling them to learn successfully in a heterogeneous classroom. Sample The study involved six teachers, forty-two students, and two teaching assistants. Methods Triangulation of hundreds of hours of ethnographic observation, contextualised through various types of interviews and complemented by products written by students, allowed us to identify diverse types of student learning characteristics and teachers’ inclusive practices. Results Our findings indicate that teachers' inclusive practices aimed at supporting student engagement, as well as determining and facilitating students' learning progress, were among the most extensively employed and addressed a wide spectrum of students’ learning characteristics. Conclusions The study unravels the complexity of highly inclusive teachers’ practices and proposes several implications for inclusive education.
Chronic sympathoexcitation (sympathetic overdrive syndrome) is defined as the sustained dominance of sympathetic over parasympathetic tone, measurable at the organ, vascular, and neural levels, and differs fundamentally from brief, adaptive “fight-or-flight” responses. Persistent vasoconstrictor drive perturbs cellular metabolism and reshapes host–tumor interfaces. Although this state is well characterized in cardiometabolic medicine, its oncologic implications remain comparatively underexplored, despite converging evidence that adrenergic inputs modulate tumor and stromal behavior. One of the main reasons for presenting this conceptual innovation study is that the sympathetic overdrive phenotype (SOP) carriers, by far, are not rare in the population. Robust statistics towards SOP incidence and prevalence are still missing, despite the urgency of plausible healthcare solutions. Currently, the best described SOP-relevant subpopulation are the Flammer Syndrome phenotype (FSP) carriers who, for instance, are highly prevalent in the academic career-making professional groups. Certain genetic predispositions play a role, however, the key pathways involved into the health-to-disease transition are epigenetically regulated and, to a large extent, represent systemic modifiable phenotype-associated risk factors which are, therefore, a promising target for holistic proactive medical approaches with a high potential to save lives and financial resources.
