We show that Cuntz–Pimsner algebras associated to partial automorphisms twisted by vector bundles are classifiable in the sense of the Elliott program whenever the action is minimal and the base space is compact, infinite and has finite covering dimension. We also investigate the tracial state space of our algebras, and show that traces are in bijection to certain conformal measures. This generalizes results about partial crossed products by Geffen and complements results about the C⁎-algebras associated to homeomorphisms twisted by vector bundles of Adamo, Archey, Forough, Georgescu, Jeong, Strung and Viola. We use our findings to generalize various existing statements about orbit-breaking subalgebras.
OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of filgotinib, a JAK1 preferential inhibitor, in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). METHODS:The phase 3 OLINGUITO trial comprises 2 international, randomised, double-blind, placebo (PBO)-controlled studies. Patients with an established diagnosis of radiographic (r) or nonradiographic (nr) axSpA and an inadequate response/intolerance to ≥2 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were randomised 1:1 to filgotinib 200 mg or PBO once daily through week (W) 16 (double-blind period; stratified by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP] level and prior biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug [bDMARD] use). After W16, patients received open-label filgotinib 200 mg through W52; patients ≥65 years and/or with prespecified risk factors received response-based dosing (100 or 200 mg). The primary (Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society ≥40% response [ASAS40 response]) and secondary efficacy endpoints were assessed at W16. Efficacy and safety were assessed through W52. RESULTS:At W16, the primary endpoint was met in both studies (ASAS40 response rates: r = axSpA [n = 258], 39.5% filgotinib vs 20.9% PBO [P = .001]; nr-axSpA [n = 237], 34.5% vs 17.8% [P = .003], respectively). ASAS40 improvements, irrespective of hs-CRP level/prior bDMARD use, were observed as early as W1. For secondary endpoints, significant improvements were seen in Axial Spondyloarthritis Disease Activity Score and Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada magnetic resonance imaging sacroiliac joint inflammation in both studies, and in Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index and Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life Questionnaire in patients with r-axSpA. Improvements with filgotinib were maintained/increased further through W52. Overall, 2 cases of myocardial infarction (PBO: n = 1; PBO-filgotinib: n = 1), 3 of herpes zoster (PBO-filgotinib), and 4 of malignancies (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer; filgotinib: n = 3; PBO-filgotinib: n = 1) occurred. CONCLUSIONS:Across the whole spectrum of axSpA, filgotinib provided rapid and significant patient-relevant improvements in axSpA signs and symptoms and was well tolerated.
The ultraviolet (UV) spectral domain occupies a unique position in stellar astrophysics, serving as the bridge between the thermal continuum of photospheres and the high-energy, non-thermal processes of stellar coronae and winds. This article provides a review of stellar physics in the UV, addressing both the theoretical framework and observational applications across the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. We explicitly structure our discussion around key scientific questions, demonstrating that accurate spectral synthesis in this regime demands Non-LTE radiative transfer codes, which in turn rely on precise atomic collision and recombination rates. We highlight how a critical scarcity of modern laboratory astrophysics data limits these models, particularly for complex ions. Moving to observational diagnostics, we review how UV spectroscopy constrains diffusion and radiatively driven winds in hot subluminous stars, and traces shock dynamics and abundance patterns in Planetary Nebulae and Supernova Remnants. In the context of star clusters, we illustrate how UV sensitivity to light-element variations (C, N, O) allows us to disentangle multiple stellar populations that appear degenerate in optical bands. We conclude that future progress depends on facilities capable of high-resolution spectroscopy, time-domain monitoring, and polarimetry to recover these diagnostic tracers and resolve the physics of stellar feedback.
In 2024, a comprehensive framework for the screening, diagnosis, and management of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) was incorporated in the EASL-EASD-EASO clinical practice guidelines. However, physicians often face barriers applying these recommendations in routine clinical care, especially in the Southeastern Europe, Middle East, and Africa (SEEMEA) region. As a multidisciplinary group of physicians involved in MASLD and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) management, our objective is to provide a practice-oriented roadmap including practical and educational considerations beyond the hepatology field that could improve patient care and support implementation of clinical guidance within the SEEMEA region. This work is informed by a narrative review and expert input obtained through structured discussions, to examine the status quo and identify key gaps in the MASLD/MASH management, unravelling the patient journey from screening and diagnosis to treatment and follow-up. Furthermore, we advise on priorities on screening triggers and, considering the limited availability of vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE), discuss alternative approaches to achieve accurate and timely diagnosis. Finally, following the approval of resmetirom and semaglutide 2.4 mg for MASH treatment, we review the evolving pharmacotherapy landscape and propose a “blueprint” for a specialised MASLD clinic, suggesting mandatory and optional facilities for optimised care.
This study presents new U–Pb–Hf isotopic data and zircon ages from the Ediacaran to Ordovician Ötztal Complex of the Eastern Alps in Austria to provide new constraints on the evolution of the northern Gondwana active margin in the “proto-Alpine” realm. The multistage tectonic evolution of the complex started with siliciclastic deposition presumably in an accretionary wedge that may have lasted from ca. 600 Ma to ca. 517 Ma. The age spectra are dominated by Neoproterozoic zircon grains indicating that the complex was most likely sourced from the Arabian–Nubian shield, with a contribution of older Proterozoic and Archean grains from the more westerly Saharan metacraton. The deposition was partly overlapping in time with Cambrian to Early Ordovician mafic magmatism that formed either as mafic underplate below the accretionary wedge or outboard, being later accreted as part of the lower plate. The wedge was then intruded by compositionally diverse granitoids from ca. 500 Ma until ca. 440 Ma. By comparing the Ediacaran and Early Paleozoic evolution of the Ötztal Complex with originally more westerly Cadomian-basement terranes (e.g., those now found in the Bohemian Massif), we concluded that the Cenerian orogeny was generally younger in the proto-Alps than elsewhere in the former Cadomian belt. This was possibly due to a significantly curved geometry of the northern Gondwana margin and/or due to an eastward ridge–trench–transform triple point migration. Arrival of a warmer part of the oceanic plate then may have caused mantle melting, mafic underplating, and voluminous granitic plutonism in the forearc, perhaps finally terminated by ridge–trench interaction and slab break-off.
