Moscow State University of Fine Chemical Technologies named after M.V. Lomonosov (traditional abbreviation "MITHT") is one of the oldest universities in the country that offer training in a wide range of specialties in the field of chemical technology.Currently, there are more than 4,500 students in nine areas of undergraduate, 28 master's programs and 23 scientific specialties for training of candidates and doctors of science. In MITHT there are eight dissertation councils for doctoral and PhD theses.Research and teaching activities are performed by more than 400 professors and 158 scientists, including more than 120 doctors of science and professors. Located in Moscow at Vernadsky Avenue, Building 86 (new building complex) and Malaya Pirogovskaya, Building 1 (historic building).
Currently, the processing of polymer composite materials using FDM printing has become widespread in various fields of science and technology, primarily due to the possibility of customization and prototyping of products without the cost of molding tools. In this regard, one of the main requirements for products obtained using additive technologies is dimensional accuracy. Thus, an urgent task is to optimize the technological parameters of the FDM printing process in order to increase the dimensional accuracy of products.
INTRODUCTION:Influenza is an acute respiratory viral infectious disease caused by the influenza viruses. Current preventive and therapeutic approaches are of great anti-epidemic importance, but there are a number of problems, such as the rapid emergence of resistant strains, the lack of cross-immunity and the effectiveness of vaccines. One of the approaches to the development of anti-influenza agents is the use of RNA interference and small interfering RNAs complementary to the mRNA target of viral and cellular genes. Aim ‒ to evaluate the prophylactic anti-influenza effect of siRNAs directed to the cellular genes NXF1, PRPS1 and NAA10 in an in vitro model. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Antigenic variants of influenza A virus: A/California/7/09 (H1N1), A/WSN/33 (H1N1) and A/Brisbane/59/07 (H1N1); cell cultures A549 and MDCK. The study was performed using molecular genetic (transfection, NC isolation, RT-PCR-RV) and virological (cell culture infection, titration by visual CPE, viral titer assessment using the Ramakrishnan method) methods. RESULTS:It was shown that siRNAs targeting the cellular genes NXF1, PRPS1 and NAA10, when used prophylactically in cell culture at a concentration of 0.25 μg per well, during infection with influenza virus strains A/California/7/09 (H1N1), A/WSN/33 (H1N1) and A/Brisbane/59/07 (H1N1) at a multiplicity of infection of 0.01, reduced viral replication to a level of 220 TCID50 per 1 ml of cell medium, whereas in control untreated cells the viral yield was ~106 TCID50 per 1 ml of medium. CONCLUSIONS:Reproduction of influenza A viruses directly depends on the protein products of the NXF1, PRPS1, and NAA10 genes. Reduced expression of these genes disrupts the life cycle and activity of influenza viruses. Such an approach can potentially be studied and used for closely and distantly related representatives of other virus families.
Type I allergy is mediated by the formation of IgE antibodies to proteins secreted by nonreplicating microorganisms (plant pollen, house dust mites, etc.) that enter the mucous membranes in very low concentrations. The mechanisms and localization of naive B cells’ switching to IgE production have not been fully determined. The aim of this work was to determine the switching site of B cells and the traffic of IgEproducing B cells in mice immunized with a low dose of equimolar mixture of egg proteins Gal d1, Gal d2, and Gal d3. Allergens in saline solution were injected into the withers of mice 9-10 times with an interval of 2-3 days; the total dose was 2.7 µg/mouse. The production of IgE to Gal d proteins in the blood and by B cells isolated from the withers, draining lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow of immune mice was analyzed in dynamics after cessation of sensitization. Both in blood and in in vitro cultures, the dominance of IgE changed from the recognition of the LMW Gal d2 during the sensitization of mice to the HMW Gal d3 after sensitization was discontinued. In this model, an IgG memory response appeared only a month after the end of sensitization and recognized only Gal d3. In vitro cultures showed that B cells switched to IgE production locally in the withers with low traffic to the spleen. In the blood serum, IgE titers for all Gal d proteins decreased after the cessation of sensitization and persisted for a long time. A month after the cancellation of the sensitization, a pool of B cells producing IgE in vitro appeared in the spleen. These B-cells died after 20-30 days as no in vitro IgE production was observed later than 85-90 days. The results obtained allowed us to draw several conclusions. B cells switch to IgE synthesis locally at the site of allergen injections. The response was two-phase: LMW Gal d2 was recognized in the early response, while HMW Gal d3 was recognized in the late phase. In this model, the IgG response to HMW Gal d3 was clearly dominant. In conclusion, it has been shown that when the immune system recognizes a mixture of proteins originating from some allergen, the dominance of proteins recognized by both IgE and IgG is observed. Since allergy patients most often do not have IgG antibodies, it can be assumed that in this case an acute phase response, supported by antigen intake, is observed, in which LMW allergens are recognized.
The article studies the features of structural formations and their influence on the properties of chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSPE) films in the process of preparation from solutions in carbon tetrachloride under the action of a constant electric field. It is shown that films formed in a directed constant electric field have a higher electrical resistance and lower values of electrical capacity, heat capacity, and electrical loss tangent compared to films formed outside the field.
The study identifies the place of leasing in the Russian financial system, and evaluates the dependence of the volume of new business in the leasing industry on such macroeconomic indicators as the GDP growth rate and the level of the key rate in the country. The volume of a new business is as a numerical indicator showing the amount of transactions concluded over a certain period for which purchased equipment was leased. This information might be useful for the leasing companies to set goals for the volume of leasing projects, based on the macroeconomic situation, and to assess their risks. The object of the study is the Russian leasing market (a set of leasing projects), including the relationship of leasing companies with other financial institutions — banks and insurance companies; the subject is the volume of new business.
