National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute) (Russian: Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет "МИФИ" / НИЯУ МИФИ or МИФИ) is a technical university in Russia. It was founded in 1942 as the Moscow Mechanical Institute of Munitions (Московский механический институт боеприпасов, ММИБ), but was soon renamed the Moscow Mechanical Institute. Its original mission was to train skilled personnel for the Soviet military and atomic programs. It was renamed the Moscow Engineering Physics Institute (Московский инженерно-физический институт) in 1953, which was its name until 2009.By the Order of the Government of Russia on April 8, 2009 (#480-r) on behalf of Russian President's Decree of October 7, 2008 (#1448) "On the pilot project launching on creating National Research Universities" MEPhI was granted this new status. The university was reorganized. The aim of the university existence is now preparing the specialists by giving them higher professional, post-graduation professional, secondary professional and additional professional education, as well as educational and scientific activities.
The influence of the lanthanide cation type on the structure and catalytic properties of Ln zirconates (Ln = La – Lu) obtained by coprecipitation was studied. It was found that Ln (La, Pr – Lu) zirconates are single-phase and have a face-centered cubic structure of a defect fluorite (sp. gr. Fm3̅m (225)) with nonequivalent positions of the Ln^3+ and Zr^4+ cations. Ce zirconate was a mixture of cubic CeO_2 (sp. gr. Fm3̅m ) and tetragonal (Zr_0.9Ce_0.1)O_2 (sp. gr. P4_2/nmc (137)). A study of the local structure showed possible formation of nanodomains with pyrochlore ordering in the fluorite matrix for light Ln zirconates. For heavy Ln zirconates, the emergence of δ -phase nanodomains in the fluorite matrix is revealed. The use of Ln zirconates significantly reduces the onset temperature of propane conversion and increases its conversion degree. It was established that the ionic radius and electron structure of the Ln^3+ cation determine the acidity of the active sites and the energy characteristics (i.e., adsorption energy and differential heat of adsorption), which are the main factors determining the adsorption capacity and pathways of the propane conversion process. The use of light Ln zirconates with the maximum concentration of Lewis acid sites facilitates the propane dehydrogenation reaction to form propylene. A decrease in the number of Lewis acid sites and an increase in the number of Brønsted acid sites as the 4f shell of the Ln^3+ cations gets progressively filled facilitates the propane cracking reaction to form a mixture of methane, ethylene, and ethane. Hourly screening showed that an increase in the operation time beyond 7 h leads to a significant change in the catalytic properties due to coking of the active catalytic sites.
FESTIM is an open-source finite element framework for modelling the transport of hydrogen isotopes in materials. This paper presents FESTIM v2.0, a major release that broadens the framework's physical scope and software infrastructure. The new formulation supports fully coupled multi-species transport, advanced trapping and reaction networks, isotope exchange, decay, advection, and generalised treatments of interfaces and boundaries. FESTIM v2.0 is built on DOLFINx, providing improved scalability, interoperability, and long-term sustainability. Performance benchmarks on representative multi-material diffusion problems show speedups of up to approximately 15 & times; relative to FESTIM v1, enabling more efficient engineering-scale, multiphysics simulations. The framework is designed for applications ranging from laboratory-scale permeation experiments to component-level analyses relevant to fusion fuel-cycle technologies. Together, these advances establish FESTIM v2.0 as a versatile and efficient platform for hydrogen transport modelling in complex materials systems.
The work investigates the interaction of a focused electron beam with a short laser pulse in the nonlinear regime. Using numerical modeling, the spectral-angular characteristics of the emitted radiation are calculated for electron beam parameters corresponding to the first Station of the Compton Radiation Source at the National Center for Physics and Mathematics (CRS NCPM). The influence of the laser pulse polarization and focusing parameters, as well as the energy spread and normalized transverse emittance of the electron beam on the spectral-angular, angular, and spectral distributions of the emitted energy is analyzed. It is shown that employing shorter and more intense laser pulses enables the interaction enters the nonlinear regime and higher harmonics appear in the spectrum. It is shown that employing shorter and more intense laser pulses enables a transition beyond the linear interaction regime and leads to the formation of spectra containing higher harmonics.
We presented the first experimental realization of ion trapping in a microfabricated surface ion trap in the Russian Federation. We designed and modeled an asymmetrical surface ion trap, simulating the pseudopotential and confinement of a 174Yb+ ion. Based on this design, a planar trap was manufactured and successfully tested, demonstrating stable confinement of a single 174Yb+ ion and the formation of a linear ion chain. The results confirm the validity of the design and modeling, marking a key step toward scalable trapped‑ion platforms in Russia.
A technique for modeling the texture formation during the rolling of two-phase Cu–Nb alloys using the DAMASK software has been developed. A comparison of the calculated rolling textures of copper and niobium in Cu–Nb alloys with various Nb contents (10, 18 vol
