The results of studying the solubility in the system of sodium hypochlorite–potassium chloride–water in the temperature ranges from –22.8 to 60.0 °C using the visual-polythermal method are presented. On the solubility diagram constructed from experimental data, the fields of ice crystallization, KCl ∙ H2O, KCl are delineated; NaClO ∙ 5H2O; NaClO ∙ 2.5H2O, as well as KClO3. These fields converge at five triple invariant points of coexistence of three different solid phases. For these figurative points, the compositions of the equilibrium solution and the corresponding crystallization temperatures are deter- mined. As a result of the study of the potassium chloride–sodium hypochlorite–water system, the formation of a new compound – potassium chlorate was established, which was identified by chemical and physicochemical analytical methods. The temperature and concentration limits of KClO3 release were determined. The compound KClO3 formed by the interaction of the initial components is less soluble in this system relative to its other components and the field of its crystallization occupies a significant part of the diagram. The results will serve as the theoretical basis for the creation of a new technology for the production of potassium chlorate using industrial wastes from chemical production.
This article presents the results of the study of the radionuclide composition of uranium cores and the radiation situation at the sites of their storage. In the samples of uranium cores, the radionuclide composition of the uranium decay chain was determined, especially the concentration of - 238U by X-ray fluorescence analysis and the specific activity of - 226Ra by gamma spectrometric analysis. Based on the data obtained, the coefficients of radioactive equilibrium - Kr between - 226Ra / 238U in the samples of uranium cores were determined. In addition, the radiation situation at the sites of their storage was studied, which has interrelations with the values of the coefficient of radioactive equilibrium - Krr between - 226Ra / 238U. The obtained results are compared with the standardized data established in International (ICRP, IAEA, UN, WHO, etc.) and Republican (SanPiN, O`zDst, GOSTs, etc.) documents
This article analyzes the improvement of the operating mode of pumping equipment with electric drives based on frequency control methods. Frequency control systems are of great importance in increasing the efficiency of pumps, reducing energy consumption, and ensuring their stability. Based on theoretical data and practical research, the article provides comprehensive information on various methods of controlling pumps with electric drives and their impact on operating parameters. The studied methods serve to save energy in production processes, maximize results during operation, and ensure uninterrupted operation of pumps. The practical application and efficiency of control systems, as well as future prospects, are considered as one of the main areas of the topic.
Water supply and wastewater disposal are among the industries with intensive use of pumping equipment, the share of electricity consumed by pumps is more than 50% of the total energy consumption. One of the reasons for the decrease in technical and economic indicators of submersible pumping units is the failure of pump motors due to overheating during their operation. In this regard, the substantiation and development of methods of research and calculation of fl uid fl ow parameters around the pump motor, is an urgent scientifi c and practical task. The aim of the work is to provide conditions of stable cooling of pump motors at which the temperature of electric motor windings will be within permissible limits. To achieve this goal, the task of developing a methodology for modelling the turbulent vortex fl uid fl ow along the electric motor of a submersible pump is solved Сумен жабдықтау және су бұру сорғы жабдықтарын қарқынды пайдаланатын өнеркәсіп салаларына жатады, сорғылар тұтынатын электр энергиясының үлесі жалпы энергия тұтынудың 50%-дан астамын құрайды. Суасты сорғы қондырғылары жұмысының техникалық-экономикалық көрсеткіштерінің төмендеуінің себептерінің бірі сорғылардың Электр қозғалтқыштарының жұмыс процесінде қызып кетуіне байланысты істен шығуы болып табылады. Осыған байланысты сорғы қозғалтқышының айналасындағы сұйықтық ағынының параметрлерін зерттеу және есептеу әдістерін негіздеу және дамыту өзекті ғылыми және практикалық міндет болып табылады. Мақсатқа жету үшін суасты сорғысының электр қозғалтқышы бойымен сұйықтықтың турбулентті құйынды ағынын модельдеу әдісін әзірлеу міндеті шешілуде Водоснабжение и водоотведение относятся к отраслям промышленности с интенсивным использованием насосного оборудования, доля электроэнергии, потребляемой насосами, составляет более 50% от общего энергопотребления. Одной из причин снижения технико-экономических показателей работы погружных насосных установок является выход из строя электродвигателей насосов из-за перегрева в процессе их работы. В этой связи обоснование и развитие методов исследования и расчета параметров потока жидкости вокруг двигателя насоса является актуальной научной и практической задачей. Для достижения поставленной цели решается задача разработки методики моделирования турбулентного вихревого потока жидкости вдоль электродвигателя погружного насоса
This article presents the results of the study of nuclear-physical characteristics and radiation indicators of lean uranium-containing ores. Nuclear-physical characteristics of lean uranium-containing ores, such as concentrations of - 238U by X-ray fluorescence analysis, radionuclide composition of - 234U, 235U, 238U of the uranium decay chain by the alpha spectrometric method, specific activity of - 230Th, 226Ra and 40K by the gamma spectrometric analysis method are determined. The results of determining radiation indicators - values of the exposure dose rate - DER, equivalent equilibrium volumetric activities - EEVA, volumetric activities of long-lived alpha nuclides - DAN, radon molasses density - RPD, specific activity of each radionuclide, specific effective activity - Aeff and total specific alpha activity are presented. The obtained data were compared with the passport data of standard samples and standardized data established in International (ICRP, IAEA, UN, WHO, etc.) and Republican (SanPiN, O`zDst, GOSTs, etc.) document
