In this paper, an initial-boundary value problem for an inhomogeneous heat equation with a piecewise constant argument and Dirichlet boundary conditions is considered. The Fourier method is used to investigate the problem. By expanding the solution in terms of eigenfunctions, the initial-boundary value problem is reduced to the Cauchy problem for an ordinary differential equation with respect to the expansion coefficients with a piecewise continuous argument. The existence and uniqueness of the solution to this problem are proved. As a result, it is shown that the original problem has a unique solution, which is constructed in explicit form.
Digital platforms have become primary sites of rapid lexical innovation, yet comparative research on neologism formation across typologically diverse languages remains limited. This systematic review synthesizes 30 empirical studies examining neologisms in English, Russian, and Uzbek digital discourse across Twitter, Telegram, online news portals, and discussion forums (2008–2025). Results demonstrate systematic cross-linguistic variation in formation mechanisms: English predominantly employs blending and compounding, Russian exhibits extensive English borrowing with morphological adaptation, and Uzbek combines borrowed stems with agglutinative morphology. Across all three languages, neologisms serve eight primary pragmatic functions—identity construction, humor, emphasis, group solidarity, modernization signaling, cultural preservation, activism, and efficiency—though their relative salience varies contextually and culturally. Platform affordances significantly shape neologism characteristics, with Twitter's character limits driving brevity-motivated formations while unlimited Telegram channels enable complex creations. The COVID-19 pandemic catalyzed unprecedented synchronous multilingual innovation with rapid cross-linguistic borrowing. Methodologically, hybrid approaches combining corpus-based detection with qualitative pragmatic analysis yield optimal insights. Critical gaps include underrepresentation of Uzbek scholarship, limited longitudinal tracking distinguishing ephemeral from persistent innovations, and insufficient cross-platform diffusion research. Findings have implications for digital literacy pedagogy, lexicography, and natural language processing applications requiring robust neologism detection in multilingual contexts.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has emerged as a central pillar of immunotherapy, with astonishing achievements in the treatment of CD19-positive B cell malignancies and multiple myeloma. In recent years, substantial efforts have been made to translate CAR-T cell therapy into other hematologic malignancies, solid tumors, and also non-malignant disorders, such as autoimmune diseases. Nonetheless, several challenges constrain the broader application of CAR-T cell therapy. Conventional CARs can only recognize extracellular protein antigens, which severely limits the range of targetable antigens. Moreover, extracellular disease-associated proteins are often shared with healthy cells, increasing the risk of on-target, off-tumor toxicities. Consequently, expanding the targetable antigen repertoire in parallel with reducing off-tumor toxicities has become a focus of current research. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the design of innovative CAR architectures to expand the targetable antigen landscape. In this regard, we discuss innovative CARs in four main categories: (1) peptide-major histocompatibility complex-targeting CARs capable of recognizing intracellular proteins; (2) ultra-precision CARs capable of recognizing pathogenic cells while sparing healthy counterparts; (3) ligand/receptor-based CARs; (4) non-protein antigen-targeting CARs.
This article provides information about teaching biology in academic lyceums based on an integrative approach. Also, the essence of the integrative approach, its principles, the theory of using integrative technologies in the educational process, integrative technologies in didactics, the technology of forming teaching methods, the technology of forming students' learning activities, the technology of differentiated learning, educational games. Activity technology, communicative activity technology, modular teaching technology, activity design technology, developments and scientific and pedagogical concepts are noted.
Purpose of the study: This study aims to analyze the influence of three key tourism development variables location, infrastructure, and promotion on increasing community income in the Dua Island area, East Bakongan, South Aceh. A central objective is to identify which of these factors exerts the most significant impact on local economic improvement. Methodology: Employing a quantitative explanatory approach, this research collected primary data through a survey method. A structured questionnaire was distributed to 92 respondents engaged in tourism-related activities around Dua Island. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression with IBM SPSS Statistics 23. Classical assumption tests (normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity) were conducted prior to hypothesis testing via t-test (partial) and F-test (simultaneous). Main Findings: The results confirm that location, infrastructure, and promotion each have a positive and significant partial effect on local community income. The analysis identifies promotion as the most dominant influencing variable. Simultaneously, the three variables collectively have a significant positive impact on income (F-count = 43.57 > F-table), with the model explaining a substantial proportion of the variance in economic outcomes. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study offers novel insights by integrating an Islamic economic perspective (maslahah/public benefit) into the analysis of tourism-led rural development. Its primary contribution lies in empirically demonstrating the hierarchical influence of development factors within a small-island context, providing evidence that strategic promotion, coupled with accessibility and infrastructure, is crucial for optimizing tourism's economic benefits for local communities in emerging coastal destinations.
