The security profession is increasingly required to address complex, high-consequence risks that span people, operations, information and organisational reputation. These challenges often exceed the experience and resources of individual practitioners. To be effective, chief security officers (CSOs) must operate fluently across functional boundaries to ensure organisational resilience and effective recovery. Many security professionals enter the field from foundational careers without structured pathways for development, and the sector lacks clear hierarchies, competency expectations and organisational positioning. At the same time, security work now includes a range of specialist subdisciplines dealing with diverse and interconnected risks. CSOs and their teams must demonstrate business value and develop multidimensional, transdisciplinary competence, addressing skills gaps by drawing on methods and practices from adjacent fields. This article is also included in The Business & Management Collection which can be accessed at https://hstalks.com/business/.
The aluminumAluminum industryIndustry now seems to be gaining some serious momentum on inert anodesInert anode. However, the latest information on inert anode cellsInert anode cells has come in the form of media releases, which are written and meant for the public and often contain little technical data. Several players now target commercializationTechnology commercialization of their inert anode cellInert anode cells technology in 2030. The paper is comparing the publicly available information and is drawing some inferences from this information. The present status for inert anode cellsInert anode cells is described and future prospects are discussed.
This study examines the properties and performance of Osprey HWTS 50, a lean hot work tool steel with 0.22 mass% carbon, manufactured via laser powder bed fusion (PBF‐LB/M). Its performance in sliding wear and gas nitriding tests is compared with wrought AISI‐H13 and H11 (≈0.4 mass% carbon), as well as to PBF‐LB/M‐processed maraging steel (18Ni300). HWTS 50 is tested in three conditions: as‐built (AB), directly double‐tempered (DT, ≈50 HRC), and quenched and tempered (QT, ≈50 HRC). Results suggest that HWTS 50 variants exhibit comparable or slightly improved sliding wear resistance compared to wrought H13, outperforming the carbon‐free 18Ni300 (≈54 HRC). Gas nitriding increases surface hardness in HWTS 50 to levels similar to wrought steels, but the nitriding hardness depth (NHD) is significantly greater. The deeper NHD is attributed to HWTS 50's lower chromium (≈3 mass%) and vanadium (≈0.5 mass%) contents, which enhance nitrogen diffusion and the high dislocation density from the PBF‐LB/M process. Microscopical investigations show HWTS 50 develops a thicker compound layer (≈8 μm vs. ≈3 μm in wrought H13 and H11) and diffusion depth. XRD analysis confirms comparable nitride phases (i.e., Fe 2‐3 N and Fe 4 N) form in the NHD across all materials.
Preprint of submitted article to TDEI. Compare partial discharge activity at different voltage shapes on aluminium nitride substrates embedded in silicone liquid and gel.
