Iron deficiency remains a global health challenge, necessitating novel formulations with enhanced bioavailability and food matrix compatibility. This study rationally designs triple iron(II)-ascorbate-vitamin B6 chelates using pyridoxine (complex 1) and pyridoxamine (complex 2) ligands. Density functional theory predicts complementary stability profiles: both complexes offer thermodynamic favorability (ΔE = -1258 kcal/mol for complex 1, -1246 kcal/mol for complex 2) and enhanced chemical hardness (η = 0.139 eV for complex 1, 0.152 eV for complex 2). UV-Vis and FTIR confirm distinct O, O/N-donor coordination, with pyridoxamine exhibiting stronger Fe–N bonding. X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated that both chelate complexes incorporating different forms of vitamin B₆ are amorphous and exhibit no long-range crystalline order, unlike the crystalline organic ligands used for their synthesis. Thermal analysis further confirmed the formation of new coordination ionic compounds, as the endothermic and exothermic transitions observed for the complexes were markedly distinct from those of the free ligands. Ternary response surfaces reveal both complexes maintain stability across physiological pH, with complex 2 showing broader processing tolerance. Milk fortification across 10–100
In this study, YAG:Ce ceramics doped with ruthenium atoms were synthesized for the first time. The effects of ruthenium on the luminescence and colorimetric characteristics of YAG:Ce ceramics are discussed, with variations in the type of sintering additives. The luminescence spectra, chromaticity coordinates, color rendering index, correlated color temperature, luminous flux, and luminous efficiency were studied. For all ruthenium-containing compositions, the color rendering index increases, the color temperature rises, and the chromaticity coordinates shift towards those of white light. An increase in the color rendering index by several percentage points (approximately 8–9.2
The pressing problem of increasing agricultural productivity and improving crop quality requires the development of new approaches to plant nutrition. One promising solution is the use of nanomaterials, in particular cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4 NPs), which are an important source of the trace element Co, essential for plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the physicochemical properties of Co3O4 NPs obtained using surfactants (cocamidopropyl betaine and alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride) and evaluate their effect on the growth and development of pea seeds. Quantum chemical modeling showed that the interaction of Co3O4 with surfactants is energetically favorable (∆E > 2950 kcal/mol) and chemically stable (η = 0.035 eV). FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of a stable system with a cubic crystal structure (space group Fd-3 m) and a particle size of 50–150 nm, as confirmed by dynamic light scattering. The Co3O4 NPs were predominantly spherical and oval in shape, which is important for their biological applications. Biological testing of Co3O4 NPs on pea seeds showed a significant effect on seed germination and seedling growth. The optimal concentrations of Co3O4 NPs obtained using cocamidopropyl betaine as a template were ≤ 0.01 mg/L, while those obtained with alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride were ≤ 1.0 mg/L. At these concentrations, increased root and sprout growth was observed. The observed effects suggest that the Co3O4 NPs may influence early seed development through surface-mediated interactions and gradual availability of Co. However, the present study did not directly assess release kinetics or Co3O4 NPs localization in plant tissues; therefore, the proposed mechanism should be considered hypothetical and requires further validation.
Nanomedicine has enormous potential in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant neoplasms.However,the clinical transla-tion of various nanoparticles(NPs)as drug delivery systems(DDSs)for tumor therapy remains poor.The main bottleneck is the limited database on the correlation between the design of NPs with unique physicochemical features and their therapeutic efficiency.In this study,we aim to design and investigate structurally variant nanocarriers composed of polylactide(PLA),silicon dioxide(SiO2),calcium carbonate(CaCO3),and barium carbonate(BaCO3)to reveal the relationship between their physicochemical features and therapeutic effectiveness against melanoma in vitro and in vivo.Specifically,we(1)examined their morphology,size,and structural characteristics;(2)evaluated colloidal stability;(3)verified the drug-loading and re-lease efficiency of a 2-aminothiophene scaffold(2AmT);(4)investigated cellular uptake and tumor spheroid penetration effi-ciency;(5)analyzed in vivo biodistribution;and(6)estimated therapeutic efficiency.The main characteristics of inorganic and organic NPs were collected and compared systematically.Considering the advantages and drawbacks of each NP type,the following tumor growth inhibition against melanoma was observed:CaCO3(87.9%-93.4%for 0.4 g/kg of 2AmT)>SiO2(75.6%-93.2%for 0.4 g/kg of 2AmT)>PLA(80.3%-88.2%for 0.4 g/kg of 2AmT)>BaCO3(58.8%-83.7%for 0.4 g/kg of 2AmT).Thus,this study contributes to the development of fundamental nanomedicine and accelerates the clinical translation of nanocarriers for effective melanoma therapy.
The influence of temperature on the optical properties of an aggregation-prone magnetic fluid was studied. It was found that temperature affects magnetic birefringence and dichroism, as well as light scattering and transparency of samples. These effects may be associated with a decrease in the size of magnetite nanoparticle aggregates upon heating.
