The docker container-based virtualization is becoming mainstream in cloud computing due to its potential benefits, such as a lightweight resource footprint and quick deployment. However, docker containers can suffer from a lack of stability in provisioning per-container storage space, which can lead to undesirable consequences, such as abrupt application termination requiring execution restart or substantial data loss. In this paper, we propose an I/O storage scheme(mSEM) to enhance the storage reliability and stability of docker containers by dynamically enlarging the data reservoir for each container through the effective data path redirection to our extensible storage space. We measure the performance of our method, while comparing its performance to the baseline docker and kubernetes using three benchmarks: filebench, postmark and vdbench. The results show that our method produces three times higher I/O bandwidth than both baselines under storage shortage conditions. More importantly, even when there is no available storage space left and the baseline stops execution, our method can continue application execution with no severe performance degradation.
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) mediates innate and adaptive immune responses and has demonstrated therapeutic anti-tumor activity but clinical development has been hindered by a narrow therapeutic window. We generated a novel IL-12 anchored-drug conjugate by physiochemical linking of murine IL-12 to aluminum hydroxide (alum). The complex was designed to utilize alum as a scaffolding for durable retention of IL-12 within the tumor microenvironment as a strategy to increase the therapeutic window. To better define the systemic PK profile of the anchored IL-12 (mANK-101), a model-based assessment tool was developed to describe the systemic PK profile and downstream signaling factors following intratumoral (IT) injection of mANK-101. When compared to non-anchored IL-12, mANK-101 exhibited a distinct PK profile. Specifically, mANK-101 treatment was associated with a significant 9-fold increase in the systemic terminal volume of distribution (Vd). Furthermore, linear mixed-effects models provided evidence that CD8+ T cell infiltration and increased serum interferon gamma (IFNG) levels were correlated with tumor regression after a single dose of mANK-101. In addition, PK/PD modeling confirmed a link between systemic IL-12 and serum IFNG. The model also suggests that anchored IL-12 drug conjugate is expected to prolong the absorption half-life (115 h vs 8 h for the unanchored drug) with durable local retention and limited systemic absorption. In addition, serum IFNG may be a surrogate marker for drug activity. The PK modeling predictions may also contribute to determining the optimal clinical dose and schedule of ANK-101 and other anchored drug conjugates in patients with solid tumors.
Dispersed multiphase fluid flows, in which one phase is distributed as small inclusions in another, occur in a wide range of chemical and process industries. In pyrometallurgical smelting, these may manifest in the form of decoupling of gases from one of the molten phases. This can cause slag foamingSlag Foaming, which occurs when gas bubbles are unable to escape from the viscous slag rapidly enough and a low-density foam layer builds up at the surface of the slag pool. Although uncontrolled slag foamingSlag Foaming can cause hazardous equipment failures, controlled foaming has the potential to significantly reduce energy consumption of many smelting processes. Improvements in the understanding of slag foaming are therefore of value both from health and safety as well as economic and environmental aspects. This paper presents the evaluation and application of the dynamic multi-marker (DMM) method, a novel meso-scale computational fluid dynamics algorithm for efficient modelling of dispersed-phase systems, for slag foamingSlag Foaming problems. Foaming behaviour and gas–liquid decoupling are studied using numerical simulationsSimulation of test systems, and the results are compared to established empirical relationships.
