Pan-European University

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes a core driver of organizational digital transformation, several studies emphasize the critical role of top managers. While prior research has examined the skills at the top levels in digital contexts, few studies differentiate the implications of diverse AI technologies for the strategic leadership skills of top managers. Drawing on upper echelons theory (UET), we conducted 23 interviews with senior executives across diverse industries. Our findings identify four interdependent leadership skills: 1) AI open mindset; 2) AI strategic co-thinker; 3) Multi-level connector; 4) Ethics risk management. We propose a multi-level framework that captures the interactive nature of these skills, operating across personal, organizational, and relational dimensions and shaped by top-down and bottom-up dynamics. The study, grounded in UET, contributes to the emerging debate on how AI reshapes top managers’ strategic leadership skills and introduces the enabling role of middle managers in AI transformation.

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are common orofacial pain conditions with multifactorial etiologies. Somatization refers to the manifestation of psychological distress as physical symptoms in the absence of clear medical causes. A growing body of clinical research has recently shown a strong association between TMD and somatization. A substantial proportion of TMD patients exhibit moderate to high levels of somatic symptoms, leading to greater pain intensity, longer disease duration, and heightened psychological distress. The TMD-somatization relationship has been underpinned by complex pathophysiological interactions and the underlying mechanisms involved, including central sensitization (CS), potential biomarkers, nociplastic pain, neurobiological changes, and so on. Clinically, recognizing somatization in TMD patients is essential, as it can adversely affect treatment outcomes and necessitate a biopsychosocial management approach. In this narrative review, we summarize the clinical evidence of the TMD-somatization association, discuss the underlying mechanisms, explore management implications, and identify directions for future research.

Štúdia analyzuje ústavný rozmer civilného sporového konania po rekodifikácii civilného procesu a vymedzuje základné línie judikatúry Ústavného súdu Slovenskej republiky (ďalej len „Ústavný súd SR“) k právu na spravodlivý proces v sporoch podliehajúcich Civilnému sporovému poriadku (zákon č. 160/2015 Z. z., ďalej len „CSP“). Základom úvahy je vzťah medzi čl. 46 a 48 Ústavy SR a čl. 6 ods. 1 Dohovoru o ochrane ľudských práv a základných slobôd a ich premietnutie do základných princípov CSP, najmä zásady kontradiktórnosti, rovnosti strán, procesnej ekonómie, koncentrácie a požiadavky riadneho odôvodnenia rozhodnutia. Na pozadí vybraných nálezov Ústavného súdu sa skúma, ako ústavný štandard spravodlivého procesu koriguje formálne a rigidné uplatňovanie procesných ustanovení CSP, a to najmä v otázkach prístupu k súdu, doručovania, koncentrácie konania, uplatnenia prostriedkov procesného útoku a obrany, rovnosti zbraní a nárokov na kvalitu odôvodnenia. Štúdia osobitnú pozornosť venuje procesnému inštitútu dovolania podľa § 420 písm. f) CSP, ktorý explicitne odkazuje na porušenie práva na spravodlivý proces, ako aj abstraktnej kontrole ústavnosti procesných noriem (napr. v súvislosti s upomínacím konaním). Na základe slovenskej a zahraničnej doktríny a judikatúry Európskeho súdu pre ľudské práva sa identifikujú hlavné trendy, limity a otvorené otázky ústavno-konformnej aplikácie CSP.

The article examines the theoretical, methodological, and applied aspects of building resilience in the tourism business in Ukraine under conditions of a highly turbulent external environment driven by wartime disruptions, macroeconomic instability, and global crisis processes. The relevance of the study is substantiated through the need to ensure stability, adaptability, and competitiveness of tourism enterprises amid continuous environmental changes. The concept of “tourism business resilience” is clarified as an integral characteristic that combines the ability of an enterprise to withstand crisis impacts, adapt to environmental changes, and effectively recover after destabilizing shocks. Contemporary scientific approaches to the interpretation of the categories “economic stability,” “adaptability,” and “crisis management” in tourism are systematized, and their interrelationships and roles in shaping resilience are identified. An original approach to the quantitative assessment of resilience of tourism enterprises is developed, based on a system of indicators grouped into financial, operational, digital, and institutional dimensions. A methodology for calculating an integral resilience index is proposed, enabling a comprehensive evaluation of enterprise stability and supporting comparative analysis. It is demonstrated that enterprises with higher levels of resilience achieve better financial and economic performance, including higher profitability, income stability, and faster recovery from crisis shocks. A comparative analysis with practices in European Union countries reveals gaps in digital integration and the development of crisis management systems, which define key directions for improving the performance of Ukrainian enterprises. A mechanism for enhancing tourism business resilience is substantiated, including the implementation of risk monitoring systems, diversification of tourism products, digitalization of sales channels, cost optimization, and the formation of financial reserves. It is determined that adaptive business models constitute the core element of this mechanism, ensuring flexibility and rapid response to changes in the external environment. The practical significance of the results lies in their applicability for improving management efficiency in tourism enterprises and for developing strategies for sustainable development.

DNA storage is a promising technology for future data needs. Its core steps - synthesis, storage, and sequencing - introduce correlated, non-i.i.d. errors. Accurately modeling these errors is essential for advancing DNA storage systems. This paper enhances the memory-based channel model for nanopore sequencing introduced by Hamoum et al. We modify the state diagram to adjust indel and substitution rates while preserving their correlated nature, adapt the model to a realistic DNA-like environment and extend it to include multiple reads and clustering. The goal is to create a comprehensive framework for designing robust error correction schemes.