The intentional creation and spread of disinformation poses a significant threat to public discourse. However, existing English datasets and research rarely address the intentionality behind the disinformation. This work presents MALINT, the first human-annotated English corpus developed in collaboration with expert fact-checkers to capture disinformation and its malicious intent. We utilize our novel corpus to benchmark 12 language models, including small language models (SLMs) such as BERT and large language models (LLMs) like Llama 3.3, on binary and multilabel intent classification tasks. Moreover, inspired by inoculation theory from psychology and communication studies, we investigate whether incorporating knowledge of malicious intent can improve disinformation detection. To this end, we propose intent-based inoculation, an intent-augmented reasoning for LLMs that integrates intent analysis to mitigate the persuasive impact of disinformation. Analysis on six disinformation datasets, five LLMs, and seven languages shows that intent-augmented reasoning improves zero-shot disinformation detection. To support research in intent-aware disinformation detection, we release the MALINT dataset with annotations from each annotation step.
This study aims to analyze and describe robotic assisted surgery approach in colorectal cancer therapy and evaluate its effectiveness in comparison to the laparoscopic approach. Apart from assessing surgical metrics, such as intraoperative precision and complication rates, the study also explores broader aspects, including the impact on patients’ quality of life, the frequency of conversions to open surgery, and the oncological quality of resections. By incorporating these complementary factors, the analysis provides a comprehensive perspective on the role of robotic surgery in colorectal cancer treatment. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to January 30, 2026. All records were imported into Mendeley, and duplicates were removed. Among the1,384 identified publications, 17 met the eligibility criteria. Robotic colorectal surgery (RCS) demonstrated superior intraoperative control, lower conversion rates, and enhanced lymphadenectomy precision, though with longer operative times and higher procedural costs compared to laparoscopic surgery (LS). Complication rates were generally lower in the robotic surgery (RS) group, particularly in major (Clavien–Dindo III–V) complications and anastomotic leaks. Patient-related metrics, such as pain scores, bowel function recovery, and hospital stay, consistently favored RS. Robotic-assisted surgery offers perioperative and functional benefits for patients with CRC, especially in anatomically challenging cases. While its superiority in long-term oncological outcomes remains inconclusive, when combined with advances in molecular therapy, RS may contribute to a more individualized and effective treatment paradigm.
We introduce a structural representation of quantum computation in which quantum information is represented by boundary-supported components of the density matrix, while classical information corresponds to interior-supported, diagonal structure. Within this framework, quantum errors are identified with processes that increase effective boundary complexity, and quantum error correction corresponds to active stabilization of boundary-supported structure mediated by classical control. The approach provides a consistent geometric interpretation of noise, stabilization, and the quantum–classical transition within the standard quantum-mechanical formalism.
The study aims to assess innovation levels of European cities and capitals using both hard data and soft indicators that shape an innovation-friendly climate. Innovation Cities Index 2023 data (2ThinkNow) covering 139 European cities, including 34 capitals, were analyzed. Capitals were compared with other national cities, and countries were grouped by innovation gaps between capitals and second-ranked cities. EU capitals outperform other European capitals, while non-EU capitals with close EU cooperation also achieve higher scores. Capitals generally exceed other cities in innovation, with exceptions. Two structural patterns emerge: countries with large capital-city innovation gaps versus those with balanced urban development. Results provide guidance for policymakers and urban planners seeking to foster balanced and sustainable innovation across national urban systems. The study uniquely integrates hard and soft innovation data to reveal how EU integration influences comparative urban innovation patterns across Europe.
