SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities or simply SWPS University (Polish: SWPS Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny) is a private non-profit university in Poland established in 1996 by three professors of Psychology, Andrzej Eliasz, Zbigniew Pietrasiński and Janusz Reykowski. SWPS University is one of the largest private universities in Poland with a community of over 14,000 students at undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral levels, including over 1,200 international students from more than 60 countries. The university has five campuses, located in major Polish cities, including Warsaw, Wrocław, Sopot, Poznań, and Katowice.The institution was formerly known as the Warsaw School of Social Psychology (Szkoła Wyższa Psychologii Społecznej, SWPS). It was granted university status under Polish law in 2015.
: Eye-tracking methods have become a valuable tool for reading research, as they provide significant evidence on the behavioral and cognitive performance of developing readers. They also help identify reading behavior patterns among children with neurodevelopmental conditions, such as reading difficulties (RD) or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this paper, we reviewed relevant literature (73 empirical studies) from 2008 to 2023 (15 years). We documented how reading performance was measured through eye-tracking methodology among typical and atypical readers across various languages. To ensure a rigorous and transparent review, we adhered to the PRISMA framework, defined keywords, established inclusion and exclusion criteria, conducted data extraction, and employed a multi-phase selection process. We focused on research samples, stimulus designs, independent variables, eye-tracking systems, and metrics. The results indicated that research involving typically developing children mainly included participants from primary school and employed various eye-tracking methods, with English being the most studied language. Studies on children with RD and ADHD varied significantly in participants' sample sizes, languages, and experimental designs. The discussion emphasizes the need for standardized data-collection procedures to enhance the reliability and comparability of findings, thereby supporting the development of effective interventions and instructional methods for reading difficulties.
People with attachment anxiety frequently experience problems in social relationships and tend to form a strong attachment toward material objects as a substitute for their interpersonal insecurities. However, the underlying mechanism linking attachment anxiety with material values is not well-defined. We propose that anxiously attached people are more prone to avoid thoughts, feelings, and experiences, thereby leading to greater material values. In three correlational studies and a preregistered experiment conducted across Russian, Turkish, Polish, and U.S. samples (N = 1,397), we investigated whether experiential avoidance mediates the link between attachment anxiety and material values. The indirect effect of attachment anxiety on material values through experiential avoidance was consistently significant across all studies. In Study 4, we also demonstrated that inducing attachment anxiety (vs. negative affect) led to a suppression of unwanted experiences, feelings, and thoughts, resulting in more material values. We suggest that interventions focused on secure relationships may enhance anxiously attached individuals’ action strategies, potentially reducing their material values, with implications for the literature on attachment styles and material values as well as broader models of social and clinical psychology.
This study investigates the conditions under which Polish cities adopt proactive reception and early integration responses for Ukrainian forced migrants following the 2022 Russian invasion. Despite Poland's centralized governance and limited municipal authority over migration, certain cities adopted a proactive approach, coordinating reception and initiating early-integration measures beyond minimal compliance. Employing Qualitative Comparative Analysis, we examined 12 urban cases to identify configurations of conditions-political leadership, institutional capacity, socio-economic opportunities, and community attitudes-that facilitate proactive approaches to reception and early integration. Our findings reveal that strong political leadership is a necessary condition across all proactive cases. Additionally, combinations involving high institutional capacity, favorable socio-economic conditions, and supportive community attitudes contribute to municipal action exceeding baseline requirements. These findings help to understand the urban context in shaping reception and early integration, demonstrating that local configurations of resources, governance, and community dynamics can drive municipal responses to forced migration crises, particularly within centralized systems.
This study examines whether a personal experience narrative (PEN) can be used to elicit positive reactions to psychological intimate partner violence (PIPV) survivors. We conducted an experimental vignette-based study among 430 young adults (50.5% men; aged 18-25 years) to compare the effect of narrative formats (written PEN, audio PEN, video PEN, and non-PEN control condition) as delivered by a female and male survivor. The results demonstrate that video PENs (presented as TED-style talks) elicited higher empathic reaction and victim likeability than other narrative formats. Victim gender had no effect on outcome measures. Results can be used for developing PIPV interventions.
Democratic hypocrisy - the tendency for citizens to express support for democratic norms in the abstract while tolerating violations of those norms when doing so serves their partisan interests - has been identified as a potential threat to liberal democracy in conditions of affective polarisation. Yet existing research has relied on declared preferences, leaving open the question of whether such hypocrisy manifests itself in the kinds of multidimensional choices that characterise real political decision-making. Using a conjoint experiment embedded in a three-wave panel survey spanning Poland's transition from illiberal PiS incumbency to a pro-democratic KO-led coalition government, I examine whether citizens' revealed preferences for liberal democracy change when power changes hands. Results show that Polish citizens consistently punish candidates who espouse illiberal views, and that this tendency is not significantly altered by the change of government, even among citizens who are highly affectively polarised. Contrary to expectations, citizens polarised in favour of the former incumbent party did not become more protective of liberal-democratic norms after losing power. These findings suggest that revealed preferences for liberal democracy are more stable than theories of democratic hypocrisy would predict, but also that democratic restoration cannot rely on a natural correction in public attitudes following a change of government.
