Pomeranian Medical University (PMU) was established in 1948 in Szczecin, Poland. It is referred to as Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny in Polish.
Recent studies have reported higher frequencies of overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms in both male and female patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in sleep medicine centers. However, there is a paucity of data on the prevalence of OSA in female urogynecological patients with a primary diagnosis of OAB. The aims of the present study were: (i) to evaluate the prevalence of OSA among urogynecological patients diagnosed with OAB compared with a control group (non-OAB gynecological patients), (ii) to assess the correlation between the severity of OSA and OAB symptoms. All patients underwent the home sleep apnea test based on peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT). The analysis included the PAT Apnea Hypopnea Index (pAHI), PAT Respiratory Disturbance Index (pRDI), sleep time with desaturations < 90
BACKGROUND:Altered prediction error (PE) signaling has been implicated in psychosis risk; however, its expression in daily life and modulation by stress remain unclear. This study examined how momentary stress and PE jointly shape threat anticipation and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs). METHODS:Ninety-nine individuals with PLEs and 102 control individuals completed a 7-day experience sampling protocol. PE was defined as the signed and absolute deviation between anticipated and experienced stress. RESULTS:Individuals with PLEs exhibited significantly larger absolute and smaller signed PE. Lagged analyses showed significant associations between signed PE and PLEs, such that lower signed PE predicted higher subsequent PLEs and higher PLEs predicted greater subsequent signed PE, whereas absolute PE was predicted only by prior PLEs. In models predicting next-moment threat anticipation, higher absolute PE was associated with lower threat anticipation overall; however, in individuals with PLEs, this association differed under high stress, such that higher absolute PE predicted increased subsequent threat anticipation. Signed PE showed a significant stress- and group-dependent association with threat anticipation, attenuated under high stress, particularly in control participants. CONCLUSIONS:These findings indicate that PLEs are associated with unstable prediction-outcome relationships in daily life and dynamic coupling between signed PE and symptom expression. Stress might modulate how PE shapes threat anticipation, such that surprise fails to consistently down-regulate perceived threat in individuals with PLEs. Together, the results suggest that stress-sensitive disruption of predictive processes in everyday contexts may contribute to persistent threat anticipation and vulnerability across the psychosis spectrum.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly utilized in orthodontics to automate cephalometric analysis. Despite promising results for AI-based landmark detection on 2D cephalograms, the reliability of AI analyses performed on 3D CBCT data by commercial systems remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interchangeability between the results of AI-driven cephalometric analyses using two commercial software platforms (CephX and Invivo) on CBCT datasets and reference 2D cephalometric analysis following manual landmark identification. This retrospective study included 135 patients (mean age: 26.8 ± 10.1 years) who underwent concurrent CBCT and lateral cephalometric imaging. Analyses (Steiner and Ricketts methods) based on manual landmark identification served as the reference standard. For each variable, the mean difference (AI – reference) with 95
AIMS:Loneliness is a global public health concern that has been widely associated with a variety of mental health impairments. Two dimensions of loneliness have been differentiated, that is, social loneliness (the perceived absence or inadequacy of a broader social network) and emotional loneliness (the perceived absence of a close, intimate relationship or emotional support from a significant person). The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that both dimensions of loneliness are differentially associated with mental health outcomes. METHODS:Altogether, 3275 individuals (aged 45.2 ± 15.7 years, 47.9% men), enrolled from the general population, were assessed at two waves spanning 6 to 7 months. Social and emotional loneliness were quantified using the 11-item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. Social isolation was assessed with the six-item Lubben Social Network Scale, depressive symptoms with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, generalised anxiety with the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7, social anxiety with the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale, and paranoid ideation with the Revised Green et al. Paranoid Thoughts Scale. The data were analysed using a cross-lagged panel network model. Covariates included age, gender, education, employment status, place of residence, monthly income, the history of psychiatric treatment and substance use. RESULTS:Both dimensions of loneliness were bidirectionally associated and were found to have the highest overall weight of outcoming network connections. Emotional loneliness was bidirectionally and positively associated with all measures of mental health. In turn, social loneliness predicted higher levels of social anxiety but was not associated with other mental health outcomes. It was bidirectionally associated with social isolation. CONCLUSIONS:The findings imply the relevance of differentiating social and emotional dimensions of loneliness in the assessment of its underlying mechanisms and consequences for mental health. Emotional loneliness might show a greater importance in the development of psychopathological symptoms compared to its social dimension.
Kidney drug transporters, primarily located in the basolateral and apical membranes of proximal tubule cells, play a key role in the secretion and reabsorption of drugs and endogenous compounds. Recent studies have demonstrated that kidney diseases can alter transporter expression; however, the expression of these transporters in human transplanted kidneys, with and without rejection, remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the mRNA expression (qRT-PCR) and immunolocalization (via immunohistochemistry) of key ABC (ATP-binding cassette) (n = 14) and SLC (solute carriers) (n = 33) transporters in glomeruli and proximal tubule cells from human normal kidney (CTRL, n = 8), non-rejected transplanted kidney (AR-0, n = 7) and transplanted kidney under rejection process (AR-I, n = 8) from patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs. Our study shows that mRNA expression level of SLC22A4, SLC22A6, SLC22A7, SLC22A8, SLC28A1, SLC47A1, SLC22A11, SLC15A2, SLC16A1, ABCC2, ABCC5 and ABCC6 are statistically significantly downregulated, while SLC22A2, SLCO4A1 and ABCB1 are statistically upregulated in proximal tubule cells from rejected transplanted kidneys compared to controls. Immunohistochemistry revealed that OAT1, OAT3, OCT2, MATE1, MRP2, MRP6 and P-gp were primarily expressed in proximal tubule cells, with significantly lower protein expression of OAT1, OAT3, P-gp in AR-I and AR-0 biopsies compared to CTRL sections. These preliminary data suggest that the expression profile of kidney transporters may be altered in transplanted kidneys from patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs.
