Polydiacetylene (PDA)-based colorimetric sensors offer a promising platform for rapid and visual detection, through a chromatic transition from blue to red. However, their broader applications are hindered by challenges in sensitivity, selectivity, and stability. This review comprehensively overviews functionalization strategies to overcome existing limitations, including chemical modification with reactive groups, conjugation with specific ligands or receptors, and integration with nanomaterials. Alternative approaches are also discussed. The interplay between base materials, deposition methods, and functionalization efficiencies is emphasized. Furthermore, this review addresses remaining challenges, proposes feasible solutions, and offers insights into future strategic directions for creating more advanced PDA-based colorimetric sensors. Polydiacetylene (PDA)-based colorimetric sensors have potential for rapid visual detection. However, their broader application remains limited by issues of sensitivity, selectivity, and stability. Here, the authors review functionalization strategies to overcome existing limitations, including chemical modification with reactive groups, conjugation with specific ligands or receptors, and integration with nanomaterials.
Bio-based composites are a promising substitute for fossil-based plastics and aim to reduce their negative environmental impact. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) is a bio-based and biodegradable thermoplastic whose properties are comparable to those of commonly used plastics, such as polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE). In this study, we propose different blends of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) with bio-based fillers and additives, including wood fibres, poly(butylene-co-adipate terephthalate) grafted with either maleic anhydride or glycidyl methacrylate and calcium carbonate as an alternative to fossil-based plastics. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results showed that no significant new bonds were formed. The X-ray scattering data revealed that the presence of additives did not significantly influence the crystallinity of the composites. In terms of thermal stability, the formulation containing the poly(butylene-co- adipate terephthalate) grafted with glycidyl methacrylate demonstrated increased degradation temperature which was reduced by the presence of wood in the blends. Additionally, this formulation presented the highest melting temperature of 175.1 °C. Mechanical properties were decreased with the addition of wood fibres, in terms of tensile strength and elongation at break but increased in terms of Young modulus for all composites containing wood. The functionalisation of the wood with tannic acid and iron resulted in improved elongation at break (3.78 ± 0.14
The data presented here derives from the Sustainable Working Conditions in Academia survey (STAIRCASE) on researcher mental health. The survey addresses the ongoing mental health crisis in academia by providing comprehensive, multilevel data on researcher well-being and its structural determinants. We employed a cross-sectional between-participant study design to collect data from 4,296 researchers between September 15, 2023, and August 26, 2024. The sample, which primarily includes researchers based in European countries, has a mean age of 38.1 years (SD = 10.7) and consists of 63.7% female participants. Participants provided data on key mental health outcomes – including depression, anxiety, stress, burnout, and well-being – alongside detailed assessments of working conditions, leadership behavior, and organizational characteristics. The dataset facilitates a holistic, multilevel investigation of academic mental health beyond individual risk factors by including the individual, leadership, institutional, and national context. By enabling analyses across hierarchical levels this dataset provides the necessary evidence to identify systemic drivers of mental (ill) health and inform the development of effective, system-wide strategies for meaningful change in academic work environments.
The high number of Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) has contributed to complex socio-economic challenges in Compreng Village, Subang Regency, including limited parental care among children left behind. In 2023–2024, 327 residents were recorded as migrant workers, affecting more than 200 children and increasing their risk of psychosocial vulnerability. This study examines the Purnama Subang Program, focusing on the Children and Youth Creativity School (SEKAR) as a preventive social innovation. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews with children, caregivers, and facilitators, and document analysis. The analysis is guided by Attachment Theory and Self-Determination Theory. The findings indicate that SEKAR functions as a community-based safe space that provides complementary caregiving, psychosocial support, and capacity development. Participation in creative activities and migration literacy enhances children’s self-confidence, learning autonomy, and social relationships. Facilitators also serve as alternative attachment figures that strengthen emotional security. SEKAR demonstrates strong potential as a scalable model to mitigate the intergenerational impacts of parental migration.
Abstract Accurate estimation of oil palm tree populations is crucial for fertilizer planning, yield prediction, and overall plantation management. In practice, tree census is still often performed manually, which is labor-intensive, costly, and prone to error. This study develops an automated detection and counting system that combines very high-resolution satellite imagery (WorldView-3) with a deep learning approach using the YOLOv8 model. The workflow involved data preprocessing, annotation, augmentation, model training, and validation. The best-performing configuration achieved high accuracy, with mAP@0.5 of 0.995 and an F1-score of 0.989. The trained model was integrated into the PreciPalm platform, enabling block-level census reporting and spatial mapping of each tree. Beyond the technical performance, the system offers practical benefits: plantation managers and smallholders can access more reliable data in a shorter time, supporting timely decision-making in nutrient management and crop care. These findings highlight the role of digital innovation in reducing census costs, improving efficiency, and advancing sustainable precision agriculture in the oil palm sector.
