Entity resolution in real-world datasets remains a persistent challenge, particularly for identifying households and detecting co-residence patterns within noisy and incomplete data. While Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise, monolithic approaches often suffer from limited scalability and interpretability. This study introduces a multi-agent Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) framework that decomposes household entity resolution into coordinated, task-specialized agents implemented using LangGraph. The system includes four agents responsible for direct matching, transitive linkage, household clustering, and residential movement detection, combining rule-based preprocessing with LLM-guided reasoning. Evaluation on synthetic S12PX dataset segments containing 200–300 records demonstrates 94.3% accuracy on name variation matching and a 61% reduction in API calls compared to single-LLM baselines, while maintaining transparent and traceable decision processes. These results indicate that coordinated multi-agent specialization improves efficiency and interpretability, providing a structured and extensible approach for entity resolution in census, healthcare, and other administrative data domains.
This study addresses the challenge of transdermal delivery of hydrophilic drugs by evaluating 20 biocompatible compounds as alternatives to synthetic chemical penetration enhancers (PEs). These compounds demonstrated enhanced caffeine permeability in vitro and in vivo, with glabridin and butein showing exceptional performance, achieving a transdermal enhancement ratio close to three times. Furthermore, we conducted systematic evaluation of the compounds' dermal microstructure modulation capabilities and revealed dual pathways of action: In terms of keratin conformational remodeling, through hydrogen bond interactions with skin keratin, these compounds induce structural transitions from alpha-helix to beta-sheet configurations, accompanied by increased irregular coil formation. This molecular rearrangement significantly loosens the keratin network architecture. In terms of stratum corneum lipid reorganization, concurrently, they promote lipid fluidization within the intercellular matrix, effectively reducing the skin barrier's resistance. This research establishes an innovative paradigm for hydrophilic drug transdermal delivery through the strategic implementation of biocompatible compounds. The identified flavonoid-based enhancers demonstrate exceptional potential for dual applications in both pharmaceutical transdermal systems and cosmetic formulations. More significantly, this work pioneers an evaluative framework that simultaneously addresses biocompatibility requirements and permeation enhancement performance-a crucial advancement in developing transdermal delivery technologies.
We herein describe an efficient chemoenzymatic strategy for the total synthesis of the oligomers of the branched pentasaccharide repeating units of Group B streptococcus (GBS) type Ia and Ib capsular polysaccharides (CPSs). This strategy features the concise synthesis of the glycan backbones through [3 + 3 + 3] and [4 + 4 + 4] one-pot iterative chemical glycosylation using readily available building blocks, followed by enzymatic elaboration of the glycan backbones with multiple beta 1,4-linked galactoses and alpha 2,3-linked sialic acids on the side chains. The synthetic oligosaccharide haptens, including mono-, di-, and trimer repeating units, were conjugated with CRM197 carrier protein and used to inoculate mice. Sera samples from immunized mice demonstrated robust binding to the corresponding natural GBS strains, with enhanced binding observed as the number of repeating units increased, particularly for type Ib CPS. This result highlights the importance of capsular polysaccharide length in GBS vaccine development.
Electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) have been extensively exploited owing to their cost-effectiveness and low-maintenance options in buildings. However, existing ESPs have low filtration efficiency for submicron particles and inefficient cleaning after dust loading. Here, an ESP with a superhydrophobic coating was proposed, and the effects of the electrode gap, charging voltage, air velocity and electric field strength of the ESP on submicron particles were considered. The results revealed that the contact angle and sliding angle of the water on the coating surface were 158.0 degrees +/- 1.1 degrees and 2.1 degrees +/- 0.5 degrees, respectively, due to the combination of low-surface-energy groups and highly rough structures. The filtration efficiency of the submicron particles increased with increasing charging voltage and electric field strength but decreased with increasing air velocity and electrode gap. When the air velocity was 2.5 m/s, the filtration efficiency of the ESP for 0.3-0.5 mu m particles reached 96.5%. The filtration efficiency remained relatively high for 28 days, with an average of 95.6%. The filtration efficiency of the ESP for 0.3-0.5 mu m particles can be restored to 99.8% of the initial efficiency, while the restoration of existing ESP is 67.5%. The ESP can maintain the filtration efficiency of 0.3-0.5 mu m particles at approximately 95.0% after six cycles. The proposed ESP has great air filtering potential in ventilation systems for clean and sustainable building environments.
