Rockhurst University

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in modern business. However, its impact on corporate social responsibility (CSR) remains an underexplored domain. The current study establishes the theoretical relationship between AI innovation and firms’ CSR and empirically examines the model. Using a comprehensive dataset of 10,232 firm-year observations from 1790 publicly listed firms, we reveal a positive and strong association between AI innovation and CSR. Furthermore, we explore the moderating roles of market diversification, and organizational scope, demonstrating that the impact of AI innovation on CSR is more pronounced in firms with complex operational structures. Additionally, we find that AI innovation significantly reduces firm social irresponsibility. These insights contribute to both academic discourse and managerial practice by highlighting AI’s potential to drive corporate sustainability while mitigating corporate social misconduct. The study underscores the necessity of integrating AI into strategic CSR frameworks to enhance long-term value creation.

Given the nonprofit sector's significant, ongoing challenges of filling vacant positions and retaining staff, this study examines the nonprofit job market through an analysis of online job announcements. Using Non-Negative Matrix Factorization topic modeling, a dataset of 13,685 job announcements was explored to find job-related themes. The analysis revealed nine topics that identify the core organizational functions for nonprofit organizations today as well as commonly stated requirements for nonprofit jobs. Findings also highlighted the cross-functional work of nonprofit employees. Practical implications are shared for organizations seeking to recruit and develop emerging leaders.

Recently Quenched Elliptical galaxies (RQEs) represent a critical phase in the transition from star-forming to quiescent galaxies. However, the mechanisms driving their quenching remain elusive. We conduct a multi-wavelength analysis of 155 RQEs, along with their precursors (preRQEs) and descendants (postRQEs), focusing on their neutral hydrogen (HI) content and star formation properties. Contrary to conventional quenching models emphasizing gas depletion, RQEs retain substantial HI reservoirs (f_gas≥ 17%), suggesting that quenching is not primarily driven by gas exhaustion. We identify a critical halo mass threshold at log M_halo = 12.1 M_⊙, delineating different evolutionary pathways for RQEs. This threshold aligns with the transition from cold-mode to hot-mode gas accretion in theoretical models. RQEs in lower-mass halos (log M_halo < 12.1 M_⊙) likely experience rapid quenching, possibly initiated by major mergers, followed by brief AGN activity and sustained LINER emission. We propose two evolutionary pathways: (a) rapid quenching via major mergers followed by AGN/LINER activity and passive evolution, and (b) rapid quenching followed by rejuvenation through minor mergers before evolving into more massive, long-term quenched ellipticals. These results challenge the conventional understanding of galaxy quenching, especially in low-density environments where RQEs typically reside. Our findings suggest that while RQEs may follow a rapid quenching pathway, their evolution is influenced by interactions between gas accretion modes, feedback mechanisms, and environmental factors. Future observations with advanced radio interferometers like SKA will be crucial for elucidating the quenching mechanisms in RQEs and their role in galaxy evolution.

Critical reflection is a practice widely invoked in teacher education and professional learning. Though many have examined critical reflection, little attention has been given to theorizing its relationship to disability. This systematic review synthesizes 32 studies of pre-service and in-service teachers engaging in critical reflection for inclusive education. We analyzed findings using a critical sociocultural lens which attends to history, culture, and power. Results suggest that critical reflection is an ambiguous term used to represent different practices with vastly different aims. Despite this variability, studies frequently report achieving desired outcomes. When critical reflection is defined through our conceptual framework of critical sociocultural theory as a practice of co-critiquing social inequities that shape learning, teacher practice shifts from technical individualist instruction toward emancipatory practice that shows the interconnected nature of disability. Based on these findings, we conclude with implications for structuring teacher education to cultivate dialogic reflection oriented to disability equity.

Robotic-assisted surgery represents a rapidly growing segment of the US medical device market. This editorial applies Porter's Five Forces, political, economic, social, and technological (PEST) analysis, and value, rarity, inimitability, and organization (VRIO) analysis, along with qualitative interpretation, to examine the competitive structure of the robotic surgery market. High development costs, extensive healthcare regulation, and limited technological supply have slowed competitive entry, but growing demand has intensified competitive pressure. The market appears to favor established firms because of high switching costs, existing long-term hospital relationships, and surgical familiarity with established robotic platforms. Existing firms may be positioned for continued growth given these structural advantages; however, long-term success depends on their ability to scale efficiently, strengthen hospital relationships, and deliver value in an increasingly competitive, capital-intensive, and innovation-driven environment. Building on these findings, this analysis offers differentiated strategic implications for incumbents seeking to defend market position, established rivals pursuing growth, and well-capitalized entrants identifying viable points of entry into this complex market.