This study draws on General Strain Theory and analyzes international survey data collected from adults across six countries (Ukraine, Guatemala, Pakistan, the Netherlands, Denmark, and the United States) to examine gender differences in pandemic-related stressors, emotional responses and violence perpetration. In five of the six countries, pandemic stress is associated with violence. We find no gender differences in the links between pandemic stress and violence perpetration. On the other hand, the associations of depression and negative affect (anger and irritability) with violence are moderated by gender and vary across contexts. In several countries, pandemic stress is more strongly linked to emotional responses among men. Country- and gender-specific policy implications are discussed.
In recent decades, the number of women and underrepresented graduate students and faculty in the discipline of geography has increased, although gender and racial disparities among faculty at higher ranks persist. This article examines barriers to the advancement of women and underrepresented groups in geography that stem from challenges in the workplace and in the domestic sphere. The research uses the hostile obstacle course as a conceptual framework and mixed methods with secondary data on faculty status in the United States and a national survey of 424 U.S.-based faculty members of the American Association of Geographers. Results indicate that perceptions of and experiences with challenges to professional advancement include work-related barriers and domestic caregiving responsibilities that vary by gender and race. Additionally, women are 66 percent more likely than men to consider leaving their institutions, whereas faculty of color are 3.2 times more likely than their white counterparts to contemplate departure. In sum, although all faculty are affected by work and home factors, women and underrepresented groups tend to face additional and different challenges. The discussion concludes with recommendations that lead to more inclusive workplace climates and diversified institutional expectations.
Although people who communicate openly with their partner during the transition from dating to cohabitation (deciders) tend to be more relationally satisfied than those who do not (sliders), little inquiry has examined the degree to which deciders and sliders both engage in topic avoidance (TA) during the transition. Further, existing research has typically focused on whether cohabitors avoid topics, not how or why they avoid them. The present study examines how topics, reasons, and strategies for TA are linked to relationship satisfaction. The study analyzed survey data from 519 individuals who have transitioned from dating to cohabitation. Results revealed that the frequency of cohabitors' TA, their reasons for engaging in TA, and the strategies they use for TA were associated with their satisfaction. Strategies but not reasons moderated the association between the frequency of TA and satisfaction.
This comparative study investigates how prejudicial attitudes related to racial/ethnic diversity and gender equity develop among criminal justice majors across academic stages and national contexts in the USA and South Korea. Using survey data from 325 students at eight universities, the research examines whether levels and predictors of prejudice differ by country and by academic progression from freshman to senior year. Results show that South Korean freshmen reported significantly higher prejudice than their US counterparts, but this difference disappeared by senior year, with no significant differences observed at the senior level. Logistic and OLS regression analyses further revealed that gender and career aspirations (law enforcement, corrections) were consistent predictors of elevated prejudice, while targeted coursework on sexuality and phobia was linked to reduced prejudice, though with culturally contingent effects. These findings indicate that prejudice is dynamic and context-dependent, shaped by the interaction of demographic, educational, and cultural factors. By integrating developmental and cross-national perspectives, the study contributes to addressing key methodological challenges in comparative criminology and underscores the potential role of higher education as a context associated with variation in attitudinal patterns and justice-oriented professional socialization.
Lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1 or KDM1A) is a FAD-dependent histone demethylase which is overexpressed in acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs). Indeed, several selective LSD1 inhibitors (LSD1is) are currently evaluated in clinical trials. We previously demonstrated that the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling is inhibited in LSD1i-sensitive AMLs and is activated in LSD1i-partially responsive/tolerant AMLs following LSD1i. Herein, we sought to systematically decipher the molecular basis underlying the responsiveness of AML cells to LSD1is. Genome-wide transcriptomic profiling, RT-qPCR and immunoblot analyses revealed that stem cell factor tyrosine kinase receptor (KIT) is preferentially overexpressed in LSD1i-sensitive AMLs compared to LSD1i-partially responsive/tolerant AMLs. Pharmacological and genetic interference with LSD1 repressed KIT transcription. c-Kit acted upstream of ERK/mTOR signalling. Chromatin immunoprecipitation studies revealed that LSD1 binds in proximity to KIT TSS and modulates repressive H3K9me2 marks. Inhibiting c-Kit augmented the anti-leukemic activity of LSD1is in KIT-dependent AML cells. Consistently, KIT mRNA positively correlated with LSD1 transcript levels in primary human AML biospecimens and pharmacological LSD1i repressed KIT transcription in primary human AML samples ex vivo. Collectively, this study sheds light on the epigenetic modulation of KIT transcription by LSD1 and underscores the therapeutic potential of co-targeting LSD1/KIT in KIT-dependent AMLs.
