This paper presents a multi-objective stochastic optimization model for pharmaceutical supply chain management (PSCM), focusing on minimizing both time and cost. By considering these objectives and uncertainties simultaneously, the model aims to provide robust and efficient supply chain (SC) strategies for pharmaceutical companies. In this study, abi-objective mixed-integer linear programming (BOMILP) model is developed for a pharmaceutical supply chain network design (PSCND) problem. The model supports various strategic decisions, such as opening pharmaceutical production centers and main or local distribution centers, as well as determining optimal material flows over a mediumterm planning horizon and making tactical decisions. It aims to minimize total costs and flow constraints as the first and second objective functions, respectively. To verify and analyze the proposed model, it is tested on a real case study.
This study aims to examine the scope for sustainable tourism development in Sunamganj, Bangladesh, by using its natural resources with local community involvement and introducing appropriate policies. The objective is to understand the subject extensively through a framework that supports eco-friendly tourism in the areas while keeping socio-cultural and economic factors in view. This is a mixed-methods study that combines both qualitative and quantitative data. The primary factual data is obtained through on-the-spot surveys, interviews, and feedback from 60 tourists. The analysis draws on secondary data from extant literature, government reports, and case studies of sustainable tourism. Research results showed that though Sunamganj has natural attractions such as Niladri Lake, Tanguar Haor, Jadukata River, Biki Bil, and Shimul Bagan, due to a lack of infrastructure and policy support, tourism in Sunamganj remains undeveloped. However, there is a vast scope for ecotourism and community activities that could benefit the local population. The chapter focuses on the coverage, especially for Sunamganj, and does not evaluate larger regional effects. Further study should be conducted to determine if similar strategies can be instituted in other districts of Bangladesh. Suggestions range from improving infrastructure, promoting ecoresorts, to implementing community-based tourism and synergic partnerships between the private and public sectors. Policy measures should focus on promoting ecotourism and providing more incentives for sustainable practices. This paper offers a novel approach linking sustainable tourism guides with community development and policy frameworks. It offers insights for policymakers and tourism operators interested in developing ecotourism in uncharted territories such as Sunamganj.
Purpose This study aims to explore the moderating role of organizational culture, innovation and strategic alignment in the relationship between big data analytics capabilities (BDAC) and firm performance within emerging economy contexts. In addition, it examines the configurational effects of BDAC, organizational culture, innovation and strategic alignment in driving both high and low levels of firm performance, offering a nuanced understanding of how these factors interact to influence organizational outcomes.Design/methodology/approach Data from 482 Sri Lankan executives and IT professionals (e.g. CEOs, CIOs, data scientists) across industries were collected via multi-frame sampling and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling. In addition, fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) was used to identify causal configurations or synergistic combinations of factors that most effectively explain the firm performance.Findings Findings reveal that the organizational culture and dual innovation strengthens the relationship between BDAC and firm performance. Furthermore, fsQCA results uncovered multiple sufficient and consistent causal configurations associated with both high and low levels of firm performance, underscoring the value of a configurational perspective.Research limitations/implications Aligning BDAC with innovation and market-oriented strategies improves adaptability, trend forecasting and operations. Fully realizing its potential requires fostering a supportive organizational culture and agile strategies.Originality/value This study offers a unique contribution by examining the moderating effects of organizational culture, innovation and business-strategy alignment, thereby providing valuable insights for strengthening BDAC ecosystems in resource-constrained settings. Moreover, it adopts the structural-configurational approach, integrating both variable-centered and case-oriented perspectives.
Designing an efficient routing protocol that opportunistically forwards data to the destination node through nearby sensor nodes or devices is significantly important for an effective incidence response and disaster recovery framework. Existing sensor routing protocols are mostly not effective in such disaster recovery applications as the networks are affected (destroyed or overused) in disasters such as earthquake, flood, Tsunami and wildfire. These protocols require a large number of message transmissions to reestablish the clusters and communications that is not energy efficient and result in packet loss. This paper introduces ODCR - an energy efficient and reliable opportunistic density clustered-based routing protocol for such emergency sensor applications. We perform simulation to measure the performance of ODCR protocol in terms of network energy consumptions, throughput and packet loss ratio. Simulation results demonstrate that the ODCR protocol is much better than the existing TEEN, LEACH and LORA protocols in term of these performance metrics.
