Tourism development in developing countries often produces uneven economic, social, and environmental outcomes, making residents’ perceptions a critical determinant of sustainable tourism growth. This study examines how residents’ perceptions influence tourism development outcomes at the economic, community, and individual levels by comparing two distinct tourism models in Bangladesh: ecotourism and mass tourism. Focusing on Lawachara National Park and Tanguar Haor, the study integrates Social Exchange Theory, the Tourism-Led Growth Hypothesis, Community Attachment Theory, and Growth Machine Theory to hypothesize that residents’ support for tourism reflects a net evaluation of perceived benefits, costs, and tourism dependence. Primary survey data collected from local communities are analyzed using ordered probit, logit, and quantile regression models to capture both average effects and distributional heterogeneity. The results show that mass tourism generates short-term economic benefits linked to tourism-dependent livelihoods but remains vulnerable to seasonality and institutional limitations, whereas ecotourism settings are more strongly shaped by environmental concerns and place attachment. Governance quality and perceived equity in benefit distribution are also found to significantly influence residents’ support for tourism development. The findings highlight the need for differentiated, context-sensitive tourism policies that balance economic opportunities with ecological sustainability and community welfare, contributing comparative evidence from a developing-country context to the tourism development literature.
Social enterprises play a pivotal role in addressing societal challenges by aligning entrepreneurial strategies with social missions. This study integrates Social Entrepreneurial Orientation (SEO) with the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Dynamic Capabilities Theory (DCT) to explore how strategic orientations and competencies foster social sustainability (SSY) and community well-being (CWB) in social enterprises. The study aims to investigate the direct and indirect effects of SEO on SSY and CWB, with particular emphasis on the mediating role of Social Entrepreneurial Competencies (SEC). SEO conceptualized as a strategic posture encompassing innovation, pro-activeness, risk-taking, and a social mission, and examined it using a quantitative research design. This study collected data from 400 respondents and analyzed the data through SPSS and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). An exploratory approach has been applied to assess the second-order model. Mediation analysis also conducted to assess the indirect effects of SEO on SSY and CWB through SEC.The findings indicate that SEO exerts significant indirect effects on both CWB (β = 0.624, SE = 0.129, t = 4.838***) and SSY (β = 0.659, SE = 0.110, t = 5.987***) through social entrepreneurial competencies (SEC). However, while SEO positively influences CWB, its direct effect on SSY is not supported. These findings underscore the mediating role of SEC in translating SEO into sustainable social value, advancing the need for social enterprises to prioritize competency development as a pathway to achieving broader social sustainability and community well-being.
Infertility is a significant public health concern in Bangladesh, where women face profound stigmatization rooted in patriarchal norms equating womanhood with motherhood. Despite its psychological impact, the mechanisms through which stigma leads to trauma remain underexplored. This study explored the forms of infertility-related stigma, its internalization, and the coping strategies adopted by affected women. Using a phenomenological qualitative design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 35 women receiving treatment at Dipshikha Infertility Care and Counselling Center (DICCC) in Sylhet, along with five key informants. Data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s reflexive thematic analysis, guided by Goffman’s Stigma Theory and the Modified Labeling Theory. Findings revealed four interconnected themes, such as social stigma (invasive questioning, gendered blame, scapegoating despite male infertility); internalized stigma (shame, inadequacy, identity disruption); emotional consequences (distress, isolation, conflict between traditional beliefs and modern reproductive technologies); and coping strategies (self-care, prayer, selective disclosure, treatment-seeking). The interaction of these factors generates a cycle in which reinforced stigma and silence sustain social stigma. Mapping this process underscores infertility-related stigma in Bangladesh as a social justice issue, highlighting the need for culturally sensitive mental health support, public awareness initiatives, and couple-centered reproductive healthcare to promote reproductive justice.
We present the first data release of the Canadian NIRISS Unbiased Cluster Survey (CANUCS), a JWST Cycle 1 GTO program targeting five lensing clusters and flanking fields in parallel (A370, MACS0416, MACS0417, MACS1149, and MACS1423; survey area ∼100 arcmin ^2 ), with NIRCam imaging, NIRISS slitless spectroscopy, and NIRSpec prism multiobject spectroscopy. Fields centered on cluster cores include imaging in eight bands from 0.9–4.4 μ m, alongside continuous NIRISS coverage from 1.15–2 μ m, while the NIRCam flanking fields provide five wide-band and nine medium-band filters for exceptional spectral sampling, all to ∼29 mag _AB . We also present JWST in Technicolor, a Cycle 2 follow-up GO program targeting three CANUCS clusters (A370, MACS0416, and MACS1149). The Technicolor program adds NIRISS slitless spectroscopy in F090W to the cluster fields while adding eight wide-, medium-, and narrowband filters to the flanking fields. This provides NIRCam imaging in all wide- and medium-band filters over ∼30 arcmin ^2 . This paper describes our data reduction and photometry methodology. We release NIRCam, NIRISS, and Hubble Space Telescope imaging, point-spread functions (PSFs), PSF-matched imaging, photometric catalogs, and photometric and spectroscopic redshifts. We provide lens models and stellar population parameters in up to 19 filters for ∼53,000 galaxies in the cluster fields, and ∼44,000 galaxies in up to 29 filters in the flanking fields. We further present 733 NIRSpec spectra and redshift measurements up to z = 10.8. Comparing against our photometric redshifts, we find catastrophic outlier rates of only 4%–7% and scatter of σ _NMAD of 0.01–0.03.
Health insurance is essential for providing access to healthcare, particularly for older individuals. Disparities in awareness and understanding among elderly individuals in urban and rural areas may impact their ability to effectively utilize these services. This study aimed to compare knowledge of health insurance among urban and rural elderly populations. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 208 respondents in Dhaka and Chittagong. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, graphs, Chi-squared tests, and a multivariable logistic regression model. Most participants were male (60.6
