Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts

Grasslands are important due to their high biodiversity endemism and because they provide important ecological services. This study focuses on grasslands on rocky outcrops above carbonate bedrock in the Gorjanci mountain range. The aims of the study were to record the vegetation and to clarify some nomenclatural issues. Two plant communities were identified: one dominated by Sesleria juncifolia subsp. kalnikensis and the other by Carex humilis, and they were assigned to Seslerietum kalnikensis Horvat 1974 mut. Čarni nom. mut. novum and Scabioso hladnikianae-Caricetum humilis (Horvat 1931) Tomažič 1941. Both are classified within the alliance Bromion (Mesobromion), order Brachypodietalia pinnati and class Festuco-Brometea. A review of the historical literature and nomenclature led to a proposed mutation of the association name Seslerietum juncifoliae Ht. et al. 1974 and to tracing the development of the concept proposed by Horvat as Xerobrometum erecti Ht. 1931. Today, the latter concept results in three associations: Scabioso hladnikianae-Caricetum humilis (Horvat 1931) Tomažič 1941, Bromo erecti-Plantaginetum mediae (Horvat 1931) Brzac 1960 and Bromo erecti-Danthonietum alpinae Petkovšek 1978 nom. corr. We proposed also alternative names for the last two syntaxa. This study is dedicated to an appreciation of the contributions of Academician Vlado Matevski to the study of the flora and vegetation of the southern Balkans.

Abstract This study offers a comprehensive historical overview of East Central and Southeastern European migration to Latin America from the late 19th century through the 20th century, examining how these movements were shaped by imperial legacies, global capitalist transformations, and geopolitical realignments. Focusing on six primary receiving countries—Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Chile, Mexico, and Venezuela—it explores the diverse trajectories of migrants from regions such as Galicia, Carniola, Dalmatia, Bohemia, and the Julian March, among others. Rather than treating migrant groups in national or ethnic isolation, the study adopts a transnational and comparative perspective that foregrounds the heterogeneity of Eastern European emigration and its entanglement with broader processes of colonialism, nation-building, and ideological contestation. The research shows that while many migrants shared a rural background and were attracted by agricultural opportunities, others moved into urban industrial centers or responded to postwar refugee frameworks driven by Cold War dynamics. Key findings highlight how migration patterns diverged between Central and Southeastern European groups: whereas Poles, Ukrainians, and Czechs often arrived through organized colonization schemes and settled in agrarian colonies, South Slavs (Croats, Slovenes, Montenegrins) more frequently engaged in sharecropping or urban trades, forming politically active diasporas. The study also documents how Latin American states—especially Argentina and Brazil—instrumentalized immigration within racialized modernization projects, oscillating between openness and selective exclusion based on ideological, racial, and religious criteria. Finally, the entry argues that long-standing scholarly neglect of these migrations stems from methodological nationalism and the peripheral geopolitical position of both the sending and receiving regions. By foregrounding structural similarities between East Central Europe and Latin America—such as their agrarian foundations, semi-peripheral roles in the global system, and experiences of authoritarian rule—the study contributes to a rethinking of migration history beyond traditional Atlanticist paradigms.

This article explores a collaboration between linguists, educators, and typographers aimed at improving the representation and readability of Slavic languages. The project addresses challenges in diacritic placement, typographic clarity, and accessibility for readers with diverse linguistic and perceptual needs. By combining linguistic research with typographic design, it examines how the visual form of language affects comprehension, engagement, and inclusion. Rather than viewing typography as purely aesthetic, the study emphasizes its role in supporting equitable multilingual literacy and authentic cultural representation. Grounded in social constructivism, experiential learning, and self-determination theory, the project followed a design-based research model involving iterative design, collaborative evaluation, and continuous feedback. These collaborations built typographic literacy and produced inclusive design solutions tailored to Slavic writing systems. Participant observation, collaborative evaluation sessions, reflective documentation, and iterative design analysis indicated that improvements in diacritic placement, character distinction, and accessible font development enhanced perceived legibility, readability, and typographic clarity. The resulting typographic framework illustrates how interdisciplinary collaboration can connect linguistic precision with visual communication. It demonstrates typography’s value as a pedagogical tool and its potential to foster inclusive, culturally responsive, and linguistically accurate education, while showing how design-based research can drive innovation in educational materials.

Food and its associated material culture offer an important window into past social worlds, but difficulties in inferring vessel function from and the degradation of organic residues on pottery can hinder archaeological investigations of culinary practices. To overcome these limitations, we applied indirect ELISA assays using both polyclonal antibodies and synthetic aptamers to detect specific proteins and a cereal polysaccharide in ceramic sherds from two hilltop sites in north-eastern Slovenia: an early medieval settlement beneath Ptuj Castle (7th-9th centuries CE) and a Late Roman-early medieval fortified site at Ancnikovo Gradi & scaron;ce (4-5th, 7-10th centuries CE). Sherds bearing charred cooking residues were powder-extracted and assayed on MaxiSorp microtiter plates for six protein targets (ovalbumin, lysozyme, gluten, casein, collagen, and myosin) and for (1 -> 3)-B-D-glucan target using matching primary antibodies and biotinylated DNA aptamers, with detection achieved by adding alkaline phosphatase-conjugated secondary antibodies to label primary antibody binding or alkaline phosphatase-conjugated streptavidin to label aptamer binding. At Ptuj, both formats identified egg proteins, bone collagen, myosin and gluten on individual sherds, with aptamers consistently yielding larger DOD margins than antibodies. At Ancnikovo Gradi & scaron;ce, meat residues dominated: myosin and collagen were detected on most Late Roman sherds, while sherd 402 (early medieval) uniquely registered cereal markers-gliadin and B-D-glucan-alongside meat and egg proteins. Casein appeared in only one Late Roman vessel. Co-occurrence of animal and plant residues implies composite dishes such as stews or porridges. Our findings demonstrate that aptamerbased ELISAs offer enhanced sensitivity for archaeological proteins, and that protein and polysaccharide residue analysis can reconstruct nuanced dietary patterns. This approach holds promise for broad application in contexts lacking textual records. Caution should be taken when attempting to extrapolate broader patterns from this limited dataset. (c) 2026 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

Acidophilic vegetation on silicate rock is less common in Slovenia, as carbonate predominates and some plant communities have not yet been documented. We studied the herbaceous acidophilous vegetation on Smrekovec mountain in northern Slovenia. We made 13 relevés and described a new association Avenello flexuosae-Caricetum brizoidis ass. nova and a new plant community with Calamagrostis villosa in Slovenia based on the numerical classification and ordination of the available relevé material. We compared our data with other vegetation types in the study area and with similar syntaxa from Central and Southeastern Europe. Both new syntaxa were classified in the Nardio-Agrostion tenuis alliance and the Nardetea strictae class.