The Sonora Institute of Technology (in Spanish: Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, ITSON) is a Mexican public university based in Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, with satellite campuses in Guaymas, Empalme and Navojoa. Founded in 1955 as a preparatory school called Justo Sierra Institute (Instituto Justo Sierra), it was initially sponsored by Lions International until 1956, when it renamed as Northwestern Institute of Technology (Instituto Tecnológico del Noroeste). In 1962, Governor Luis Encinas Johnson approved a state law that restructured the institution and gave it its current name.
This study aims to assess the influence of digital technologies on undergraduate mathematics performance. A meta-analytic approach was employed, synthesized from 26 independent samples across 17 peer-reviewed articles (1990–2025), with a cumulative sample size of 2,010 participants. The findings indicate a large overall effect size (g=0.978), suggesting that digital technologies significantly enhance academic achievement compared to traditional instructional methods. Moderator analysis indicated that blended learning environments achieved the highest effect size; furthermore, the impact of digital technology integration on academic performance was most pronounced in the fields of Trigonometry and Calculus. Additionally, mathematics-specific software was found to exert a significant influence on the observed effect sizes. Furthermore, the use of standardized assessments yielded a smaller effect size compared to instructor-designed tests. Additionally, no significant differences were observed regarding student equivalence in terms of group composition. The study concludes that the impact of digital tools is contingent upon specific moderator variables; these factors should be integrated into instructional design to optimize learning outcomes in university mathematics.
Cellulases have attracted considerable attention in the scientific community due to their potential applications in biofuel production and the generation of high-value products. The cellulase enzymatic system mainly comprises three enzymes: endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase, which act synergistically to degrade cellulose in lignocellulosic materials such as pulp and wheat straw. Fungus Albifimbria verrucaria is an endophytic strain isolated in the Yaqui Valley, Mexico, with potential for cellulase production and enzymatic index potential. This study aimed to maximize cellulase production from Albifimbria verrucaria using response surface methodology with a central composite design to degrade wheat straw cellulose pulp. The variables evaluated during submerged fermentation, temperature, initial pH, and fermentation time, were used to maximize cellulase enzyme production. Statistical analysis indicated that the quadratic model explains cellulase production, reaching 2.33 U/ml for total cellulase activity (FPase) and 2.25 U/ml for endoglucanase activity (CMCase), corresponding to 1.77-fold and 1.28-fold increases under optimized conditions, respectively. Finally, enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw cellulose pulp using the crude enzymatic extract was carried out for 72 h, yielding 0.057 g of glucose per gram of substrate, demonstrating the potential of the fungus for lignocellulosic biomass conversion to bioenergy.
A renormalization-group mechanism for the resolution of spacetime singularities is formulated on the basis of the Relativistic Zero Point (RZP) principle. The quantum vacuum is modeled as a geometric medium described by an order parameter Θ, whose flow is constrained by Functional Renormalization Group (FRG) equations. A scalar-tensor truncation yields a non-Gaussian fixed point (NGFP) with parameters ξ≈ 0.65 , λ_*≈ 0.42 , and ν_*≈ 1.00 . The resulting transition Θ→ν_* replaces classical divergences with a smooth bounce horizon. The formulation consolidates previous developments [1, 2] and integrates the scalar-tensor RZP construction [3]. Phenomenological predictions include a tensor-to-scalar ratio r ∼ 0.025 , a gravitational-wave dispersion scale ϵ∼ 8.3 ×10^ - 8 , and expected post-merger echo delays of order Δ t ∼ 4.2 ms.
Nutrient deficiency is a major constraint to maize production and is commonly addressed using synthetic fertilisers. Sustainable alternatives such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) combined with organic amendments offer an eco-friendly strategy to improve nutrient uptake and productivity. In this study, two rhizobacterial isolates were characterised based on biochemical attributes and 16S rRNA gene sequencing and identified as Bacillus cereus (RB-1) and Pseudomonas putida (RB-2). Both isolates exhibited multiple plant growth-promoting traits (PGPTs) including ammonia production, starch hydrolysis, phosphate solubilisation, indole-3-acetic acid synthesis, and siderophore production. The complementary expression of these traits is likely to enhance nutrient availability and root development, thereby contributing to the improved performance observed under co-inoculation. In pot experiments, co-inoculation of the PGPR and a nine-strain bacterial consortium with organic amendments (cow dung and vermicompost) significantly improved seed germination, seedling vigour, and maize growth parameters compared with untreated and fertiliser controls. These improvements were accompanied by increased biomass, higher chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, and enhanced nutrient accumulation (N, P, K, Mg, and Fe) in shoots and roots. A strong positive correlation was observed among fresh and dry shoot and root weights. In summary, these findings indicate that co-inoculation of PGPR with organic amendments enhances maize growth and nutrient uptake under greenhouse conditions and may contribute to more sustainable and eco-friendly nutrient management strategies.
The intensification of aquaculture practices has been accompanied by an increased incidence of bacterial diseases, leading to a greater reliance on antibiotics for disease control. Consequently, the widespread and often indiscriminate use of these compounds has contributed to the emergence and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria within aquaculture systems, posing a serious threat to animal health, environmental sustainability, and public health. In this regard, research efforts have focused on developing alternative strategies to reduce antibiotic use. Natural compounds have gained particular attention due to their well-documented antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. In this context, the combined application of antibiotics and natural compounds has emerged as a promising approach to enhance antimicrobial efficacy while potentially mitigating the development of resistance. This review synthesizes the current knowledge on antibiotic resistance in aquaculture, highlights the role of biofilm formation as a key resistance mechanism, and critically examines the potential of antibiotic-natural compound combinations against major aquaculture pathogens, with particular emphasis on bacterial growth inhibition, biofilm disruption, and virulence attenuation. Collectively, the evidence discussed underscores the potential of synergistic strategies as a sustainable tool for improving disease management in aquaculture while supporting efforts to limit antibiotic resistance.
