Post-operative adhesions develop in most abdominal and pelvic surgeries and cause pain, bowel obstruction, infertility, and reoperation. Current measures such as Seprafilm® and NSAIDs provide only partial protection and may cause adverse effects. This review evaluates natural products and biomaterial platforms as potential strategies for adhesion prevention. A structured literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Peer-reviewed English-language in vitro, animal, and clinical studies, as well as relevant reviews and meta-analyses, were considered. Studies focusing on natural products and biomaterial-based delivery systems for post-surgical adhesion prevention were screened for mechanistic relevance and translational value, with emphasis on publications from 2015 to 2025. Curcumin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, bromelain, and vitamin E demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic actions that interfere with TGF-β, ROS, cytokines, and extracellular matrix deposition. Hydrogels, bioresorbable films, and nanosystems enhanced local release and added barrier effects. Preclinical data are promising, but clinical evidence is scarce, and issues of bioavailability, safety, and standardisation remain. Natural products combined with biomaterial platforms represent a promising strategy for adhesion prevention, but robust clinical trials are needed to confirm safety and efficacy. Post-surgical adhesions are common complications after abdominal and pelvic surgeries and can cause pain, infertility, and bowel obstruction. This review discusses how natural compounds such as curcumin, resveratrol, bromelain, green tea extracts, and vitamin E may help prevent adhesion formation through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The article also highlights advanced biomaterial systems, including hydrogels and nanoparticles, that can improve delivery of these compounds. While early research is promising, more clinical studies are needed to confirm their safety and effectiveness in humans.
This update and revision of the international guideline for urticaria was developed in accordance with the methods recommended by Cochrane and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) working group. It is an initiative of the Global Allergy and Asthma Excellence Network (GA(2)LEN) and its Urticaria and Angioedema Centers of Reference and Excellence (UCAREs and ACAREs), with the participation of 210 delegates from 107 national and international societies, from 59 countries. The consensus conference was held on December 6th, 2024. This guideline was acknowledged and accepted by the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS). Urticaria is a frequent, mast cell-driven disease, defined by a rapid appearance of wheals, angioedema, or both. The lifetime prevalence of acute urticaria is estimated to be approximately 20%. Chronic urticaria, categorized as either chronic spontaneous urticaria or chronic inducible urticaria, is disabling, impairs quality of life, and affects performance at work and school, however, novel therapies are available. This updated version of the international guideline for urticaria covers the definition and classification of urticaria and outlines expert-guided and evidence-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for the different subtypes of urticaria.
Cornual ectopic pregnancy is a rare and life-threatening form of ectopic pregnancy. We present the case of a 37-year-old multiparous woman with this condition who was successfully managed with cornual wedge resection and ipsilateral salpingectomy. Cornual ectopic pregnancy is challenging to diagnose and requires prompt treatment. Laparoscopic resection and salpingectomy are viable surgical options that can minimize blood loss and reduce the risk of future complications.
BACKGROUND:Whole-body computed tomography (WBCT) is widely used in trauma care, but concerns remain regarding overuse and radiation exposure. This study evaluated WBCT utilization and diagnostic yield among polytrauma patients at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH) in Oman. METHODS:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on adult polytrauma patients who underwent WBCT between June 2022 and May 2024. The primary outcome was the proportion of negative WBCT scans. Secondary outcomes included predictors of positive WBCT findings. RESULTS:Among 566 patients (444 male (78.4%); mean age, 35.8 years) included in the study, 245 patients (43.3%) had negative WBCT scans. Positive scans were associated with hypotension (systolic blood pressure (SBP) <90 mmHg; OR 3.88), low Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) (<13; OR 0.16), hypoxia (oxygen saturation (SpO₂) <94%; OR 6.95), and high injury severity score (ISS) (>24; OR 12.14). Trauma activation cases had a higher positivity rate (74.5%, 223 patients) compared to non-activation cases (36.2%, 74 patients). CONCLUSION:WBCT remains valuable for detecting multisystem injuries, but selective use based on physiological markers and mechanism of injury is recommended to reduce unnecessary radiation exposure.
Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte disorder in hospitalized patients, associated with various adverse outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, associated clinical characteristics, and outcomes of hyponatremia among a large cohort of hospitalized Australian patients. A retrospective cohort study involving 33,383 hospitalized patients with serum sodium concentrations categorized as normal (135–145 mmol/L), mild hyponatremia (130–134 mmol/L), moderate hyponatremia (125–129 mmol/L), and profound hyponatremia (< 125 mmol/L). The follow-up period extended up to 10 years. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze time-to-death outcomes. The overall prevalence of hyponatremia was 25.5
