This paper presents the results of studying the effect of mechanochemical treatment on the TiFe0.85Mn0.05 alloy, which has the potential to be used as a hydrogen storage material on an industrial scale. The morphology and structure of the reference and treated powders were studied using a scanning electron microscope, and the phase composition was determined using X-ray diffraction. A part of the alloy with dimensions from 40 to 100 µm was used as a reference powder. The selected fraction was ground in argon medium at a frequency of 350 and 450 rpm with a duration of 30 and 60 min. In all selected modes, the powder size decreases and the number of defects increases, which is confirmed by both the results of X-ray diffraction and images of the scanning electron microscope. Such defects are additional diffusion paths for hydrogen atoms. This fact is also confirmed by a decrease in the time of the first hydrogen absorption. In this regard, the mechanochemical method makes it possible to solve one of the main problems of industrial application of titanium-iron alloy, namely, the difficulty of alloy activation. The results obtained are promising for the development of hydrogen storage materials, which will further open up the prospect of using them on an industrial scale.
The development of high-performance and environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors is a critical challenge for industrial sustainability. This study presents a comprehensive investigation into hybrid “green” corrosion inhibitors based on zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) for the protection of high-carbon steel T8. The inhibitors, comprising an aqueous suspension of 0.15 wt
Cherenkov radiation is well-known effect in soft-x-ray range and can be used for organic and inorganic research. To realize such radiation source there is the need to detail study and develop new methods for radiation estimation and optimization. Here we demonstrate the simple theoretical model of Cherenkov X-rays produced by a charge passing through a multilayer target for a given angle of incidence. The model takes into account the photoabsorption of X-rays and the radiation phase delay inside the target. We discuss ways of the target parameters optimization to increase the soft-x-ray Cherenkov radiation yield.
The article presents a review of works on high-intensity ion implantation with repetitively-pulsed metal and gas ion beams with a current density from several mA/cm2 to several A/cm2 with ion energies from units to 100 keV. Single-electrode systems for forming repetitively-pulsed beams of metal ions purified from microdroplet fractions and gases of high average and pulsed power densities have been considered. It has been shown that the pulse duration is limited due to the virtual anode appearance when forming intense metal ion beams from vacuum arc plasma by the ballistic focusing method at ion energies of up to several keV. The article has considered the methods that allow solving the problem of the virtual anode appearance and increasing the efficiency of ballistic focusing and ion beam transportation. The article has presented the data of experiments and numerical modeling proving that the efficient compensation of the space charge of the beam ions is achieved when forming metal ion beams with high pulse power density under conditions of increasing the average ion energy in the beam to several tens of keV. This is ensured by preliminary injection of plasma into the drift space in combination with additional generation of electrons due to ion-electron emission. Two methods of high-intensity implantation have been considered. At ion energies of up to several keV, the repetitively-pulsed implantation of metal and gas ions with a current density of up to 1 A/cm2 ensures forming ion-doped layers in metals and alloys with a thickness of tens and hundreds of micrometers. The features and regularities of ion alloying of various metals and alloys with high-frequency ion beams with a current density of up to 1 A/cm2 at low accelerating voltages and irradiation fluences of up to 1022 ion/cm2 have been discussed. The article has presented the experimental data on the modification of metals and alloys under conditions of synergy of high-intensity ion implantation and simultaneous repetitively-pulsed energy impact on the material surface by a beam with submillisecond duration with a power density from several tens to 200 kW/cm2. The data demonstrating the possibility of alloying Zr1
The article presents the results of an experimental study on the spectral modes of coherent Cherenkov diffraction radiation in the sub-terahertz frequency range. A long cylindrical Teflon radiator was used as a target. The Advanced Research Electron Accelerator Laboratory linear accelerator, located at the Center for the Advancement of Natural Discoveries using Light Emission Synchrotron Research Institute in Yerevan, has been used as a source of electrons with the energy of 3.6 MeV. The radiation was analysed with Martin-Pupplett interferometer and recorded using full band Schottky barrier diode detectors, designed for frequency bands Q: 33-50 GHz, E: 60-90 GHz, and F: 90-140 GHz. The obtained results are compared with theoretical calculations and demonstrated a good consistency. Cherenkov diffraction radiation offers considerable potential for the development of intense photon sources in the THz and sub-THz frequency ranges, as well as for applications in particle beam diagnostics.
