The Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR, Russian: Объединённый институт ядерных исследований, ОИЯИ), in Dubna, Moscow Oblast (110 km north of Moscow), Russia, is an international research center for nuclear sciences, with 5500 staff members, 1200 researchers including 1000 Ph.Ds from eighteen countries, like Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine, members of the institution. Most scientists, however, are eminent Russian scientists.The institute has seven laboratories, each with its own specialisation: theoretical physics, high energy physics (particle physics), heavy ion physics, condensed matter physics, nuclear reactions, neutron physics, and information technology. The institute has a division to study radiation and radiobiological research and other ad hoc experimental physics experiments.Principal research instruments include a nuclotron superconductive particle accelerator (particle energy: 7 GeV), three isochronic cyclotrons (120, 145, 650 MeV), a phasotron (680 MeV) and a synchrophasotron (4 GeV). The site has a neutron fast-pulse reactor (1500MW pulse) with nineteen associated instruments receiving neutron beams.
This study investigated the effect of root application of copper, gold and silver nanoparticles at different concentrations (5, 50, 100 mg/L) on Mentha spicata L. during 28-days field experiment. The plants were watered once with the nanoparticle solutions, which were coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone and had the following sizes: 1–2 nm for silver, 1–4 nm for gold, and 15–70 nm for copper. To determine the patterns of metal nanoparticle accumulation, their content in soil and plant segments was quantified using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrometry. Silver nanoparticles exhibited the highest bioavailability, while copper and gold nanoparticles showed low mobility in plants. Irrigation with a 50 mg/L solution of copper nanoparticles led to a 25
The Phi 0 superconductor-ferromagnet-superconductor Josephson junction exhibits unique locking phenomena under the external periodic signal when the magnetic component is taken into account. Contrary to the well-known Shapiro steps that come from the locking with the electric component, locking of the Josephson oscillations with the magnetic one results in the appearance of Buzdin steps in the current-voltage characteristic and a much more complex response of the system. These steps possess distinctive properties that are indications of their unique origins and locking mechanisms. The width of the Buzdin step oscillates with the amplitude of the magnetic component; nevertheless, it exhibits anomalies in the Bessel-like behavior. Additionally, we perform an analytical analysis that supports the numerical results and shows that the width of the Buzdin step represents a product of two Bessel functions. Investigation of the effects that simultaneously appear in the magnetic subsystem reveals the presence of destructive interference and magnetization reorientation that accompany the occurrence of Buzdin steps.
The halide perovskite CsPbBr3 demonstrates great potential for use in various optoelectronic devices due to its exceptional photoelectric properties. However, electron mobility in these crystals remains insufficiently high. Experimental studies of the crystal structure and electronic properties of CsPb(Br1 – xClx)3 single crystals have allowed for the determination of an optimal impurity chlorine ion content ( x ≈ 0.07 ), which significantly increases electron mobility to a value of 215.2 cm2 V–1 s–1.
We present a new transverse momentum dependent (unintegrated) gluon distribution function in proton. Parameters of this distribution at low Q^2 were obtained from a fit on soft hadron production data taken at LHC and F_2(x,Q^2) and reduced cross section data from HERA. Some parameters were determined from a fit on HERA and LHC data at larger Q^2 , such as heavy flavor jet, Higgs boson and prompt photon production. Then we extend our consideration to nuclei using the property of geometrical scaling. We show that one can describe the shadowing effect at low x using our nuclear gluon density within the color dipole approach.
The Polesie State Radiation and Ecological Reserve, which encompasses the Belarusian sector of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, provides a critical natural laboratory for studying long-term environmental contamination. This investigation utilized the moss as a bioindicator to evaluate the spatial distribution of potentially toxic elements, Al, Ba, Co, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, P, Pb, Sr, V, S, Zn, Ni, and Hg, and the radionuclide 13⁷Cs across the reserve. The results demonstrate significant spatial heterogeneity in contaminant distribution, with 13⁷Cs activity concentrations ranging over two orders of magnitude (385–44,300 Bq/kg). Multivariate approaches (factor and correlation analyses) revealed distinct geochemical signatures: crustal elements (Al-Fe-Cr-V-Co-Ba-Sr-Mn) associated with natural soil composition, possible contaminants (Cu-Zn-Cd-Pb-S-P-Hg-Ni) reflecting anthropogenic legacy, and 13⁷Cs showing independent behavior. The calculated ecological indices, including the Contamination Factor, Pollution Load Index, and Enrichment Factor, revealed the presence of localized hotspots with moderate to severe levels of contamination (CF: 2–10.3 for Cd, Pb, V, Mn; PLI: 0.8–1.3; EF > 10 for Mn, P, Hg, Zn, Cu), highlighting residual anthropogenic influences. These findings demonstrate moss biomonitoring as an effective tool for assessing radioactive and elemental contamination, providing valuable insights for ecological risk management in post-accident environments.
