[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/frabi.2026.1772871.].
This study presents a two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics analysis of a vertical-axis Savonius-type wind turbine under atmospheric conditions representative of an educational environment located in the Ecuadorian Andean region. Unlike previous studies conducted under sea-level meteorological conditions, this research is performed under high-altitude conditions (2723 m a.s.l.). The unsteady flow around the rotor was simulated using a two-dimensional approach based on the Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) equations, discretized with the finite volume method and coupled with the k–ω Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model. The rotor rotation was modeled using sliding mesh technique, employing a second-order implicit time scheme to ensure numerical stability and adequate temporal resolution. The numerical model was configured for a tip speed ratio of 0.8 and a wind speed of 3.9 m/s. The time step was defined based on a constant angular advancement of the rotor per time iteration, ensuring numerical stability and adequate temporal resolution. The aerodynamic torque was obtained by integrating the pressure and viscous forces acting on the blades, allowing the calculation of the mechanical power generated and the power coefficient. The results showed a periodic and stable torque behavior after the initial transient cycles, yielding an average torque of 0.7687 N·m and a mechanical power of 5.17 W, while the power coefficient reached a value of 0.2102. Analysis of the flow fields revealed the formation of a low-velocity wake downstream of the rotor, regions of high turbulent kinetic energy associated with periodic vortex shedding, and a significant pressure difference between the advancing and returning blades, confirming that turbine operation is dominated by drag forces. The numerical results were validated through comparison with previous studies, showing good agreement and demonstrating the reliability of the proposed Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach. This study highlights the potential of Savonius turbines for low-power applications in urban and educational environments, as well as the usefulness of CFD as a tool for evaluating and optimizing their aerodynamic performance.
El objetivo del presente estudio fue sintetizar la evidencia disponible sobre la asociación entre la obesidad, la hiperglicemia y el desarrollo y progresión de la hiperplasia prostática benigna en hombres adultos para lo cual se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo los lineamientos PRISMA 2020, la búsqueda se efectuó en bases de datos internacionales, seleccionando 15 estudios publicados entre 2019 al 2026 que cumplieron criterios de calidad metodológica, evaluados mediante la escala de Newcastle-Ottawa. Los resultados evidenciaron una asociación consistente entre el incremento del índice de masa corporal y el aumento del volumen prostático, observándose que los sujetos con obesidad presentan un riesgo mayor de agrandamiento glandular. Asimismo, la hiperglicemia crónica y la diabetes mellitus se relacionaron con mayor severidad de los síntomas urinarios y mayores volúmenes prostáticos en comparación con sujetos con valores normales de glucosa, los mecanismos fisiopatológicos que fueron identificados incluyen procesos inflamatorios sistémicos y alteraciones en la dinámica celular del tejido prostático. Se concluye que la obesidad y la hiperglicemia constituyen determinantes metabólicos relevantes en la progresión de la hiperplasia prostática benigna, estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de incorporar el control metabólico como estrategia preventiva en la práctica clínica, aunque se requieren estudios longitudinales que permitan confirmar su impacto a largo plazo.
IntroductionInspiratory muscle function may influence high-intensity exercise through mechanical stabilization and fatigue-related mechanisms. Inspiratory muscle pre-activation has been proposed as an ergogenic strategy; however, its effectiveness in short-duration sprint performance remains unclear. This study examined the acute effects of inspiratory muscle pre-activation on 100 m sprint performance in physically active university students.MethodologyA within-subject, quasi-experimental design was employed with 25 participants performing two warm-up conditions: peripheral muscle activation (PMA) and PMA plus inspiratory muscle activation (IMA). The inspiratory protocol consisted of two sets of 15 breaths at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure. Sprint performance was assessed using a 100 m maximal effort, and differences were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (p ≤ 0.05).ResultsMean sprint times were 12.92 ± 2.12 s for PMA and 12.96 ± 2.10 s for IMA. Although a statistically significant difference was observed (p < 0.05), the magnitude of change (<0.05 s) was trivial. Sex-stratified descriptive values showed the same trivial pattern in women and men, although the sample size and unequal sex distribution precluded sex-based inference. No meaningful correlations were found between inspiratory strength and sprint performance.DiscussionThe findings indicate that inspiratory muscle pre-activation did not produce a practically meaningful performance benefit in short-duration sprinting. The limited role of respiratory factors in the 100 m sprint and the dominance of neuromuscular determinants likely explain the absence of performance enhancement.ConclusionInspiratory muscle pre-activation did not produce a practically meaningful improvement in 100 m sprint performance in physically active individuals. It may be included within a broader warm-up routine, but the present data do not support its use as a primary strategy to improve 100 m sprint performance.
