This study investigates how Indonesian top universities develop integrated financial sustainability strategies, where diversified revenue streams serve as only one element within a broader framework required to achieve long-term financial resilience and support World-Class University indicators. Global competition in higher education has increased the need for strategic and sustainable financial management to remain competitive. Research gaps/Novelty: existing studies focus on academic or policy dimensions, overlooking the strategic financial sustainability to support global competitiveness. Novelty this study by qualitatively analyzing how sustainable financial strategies from perspective leading universities in Indonesia. Research methods: this study employed a qualitative research design, in-depth interviews with Vice Rectors for Financial Affairs at seven top Indonesian universities. Thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo 12 software to code and categorize interview data. Findings/results: The study reveals that integrated financial sustainability strategies specifically in business revenue generation, strategic asset utilization, research funding diversification, tuition optimization, and institutional efficiency are pivotal to enhancing university performance within global ranking frameworks. Leading Indonesian PTNBH institutions have demonstrated that diversified income streams and structured reinvestment into research and internationalization significantly contribute to higher QS WUR standing. These strategies collectively support institutional autonomy, reduce reliance on state subsidies, and build resilience in an increasingly competitive higher education landscape. Conclusions and implications: The implementation of the integrated financial sustainability model, encompassing five key pillars Business Revenue, Asset Utilization, Research Revenue, Tuition Fee Revenue, and Efficiency provides a comprehensive roadmap for Indonesian universities aiming to achieve World-Class University status. These financial strategies not only align with global performance indicators but also reinforce academic excellence, innovation capacity, and operational agility. The findings contribute to the development of a contextualized, evidence-based framework for financial sustainability that can inform higher education policy and guide institutional strategic planning across emerging economies. Plain Language Abstract This study investigates how Indonesian top universities develop integrated financial sustainability strategies, where diversified revenue streams serve as only one element within a broader framework required to achieve long-term financial resilience and support World-Class University indicators. Global competition in higher education has increased the need for strategic and sustainable financial management to remain competitive. Research gaps/Novelty: Existing studies focus on academic or policy dimensions, overlooking the strategic financial sustainability to support global competitiveness. Novelty this study by qualitatively analyzing how sustainable financial strategies from perspective leading universities in Indonesia. Research Methods: This study employed a qualitative research design, in-depth interviews with Vice Rectors for Financial Affairs at seven top Indonesian universities. Thematic analysis was conducted using N Vivo 12 software to code and categorize interview data. Findings/Results: The study reveals that integrated financial sustainability strategies specifically in business revenue generation, strategic asset utilization, research funding diversification, tuition optimization, and institutional efficiency are pivotal to enhancing university performance within global ranking frameworks. Leading Indonesia State University With Legal Entity Status (PTNBH) institutions have demonstrated that diversified income streams and structured reinvestment into research and internationalization significantly contribute to higher QS WUR standing. These strategies collectively support institutional autonomy, reduce reliance on state subsidies, and build resilience in an increasingly competitive higher education landscape. Conclusions and implications: The implementation of the Integrated Financial Sustainability Model (IFSM), encompassing five key pillars Business Revenue, Asset Utilization, Research Revenue, Tuition Fee Revenue, and Efficiency provides a comprehensive roadmap for Indonesian universities aiming to achieve World-Class University (WCU) status. These financial strategies not only align with global performance indicators but also reinforce academic excellence, innovation capacity, and operational agility. The findings contribute to the development of a contextualized, evidence-based framework for financial sustainability that can inform higher education policy and guide institutional strategic planning across emerging economies.
This study examines the effects of green organizational culture and job satisfaction on sustainable performance, positioning work engagement (WE) as both a mediator and moderator in private universities in Indonesia. Using purposive sampling, data were collected from 250 academic and administrative staff across eight private universities. PLS-SEM was used for hypothesis testing and complemented with unsupervised machine learning to extract deeper analytical insights. Specifically, clustering analysis revealed distinct staff engagement profiles that were not observable through traditional Likert-based interpretation alone, enabling a more nuanced understanding of how engagement patterns relate to sustainability outcomes. The results indicate that green organizational culture and job satisfaction significantly influence WE and sustainable performance. Although WE strengthen the relationships between the predictors and sustainable performance as a moderator, its direct effect on sustainable performance is not statistically significant clarifying the specific pathways through which WE operate in the model. WE also mediate the links connecting green organizational culture and job satisfaction with sustainable performance. The findings emphasize the importance of fostering supportive organizational practices to enhance engagement-driven sustainability outcomes. This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating WE’s differentiated mediating and moderating roles in a developing-country context and by illustrating the added analytical value of integrating unsupervised machine learning. Future studies may extend the model to public universities to broaden generalizability.
Employee performance in public organizations is shaped not only by resource availability but also by psychological and organizational factors. However, the extent to which budget adequacy strengthens the effects of work motivation and organizational commitment on employee performance remains insufficiently understood, particularly within customs and excise institutions. This study examines the effects of work motivation and organizational commitment on employee performance and evaluates the moderating role of budget adequacy at the Kediri and Madiun Customs and Excise Offices. A quantitative explanatory design was employed, with data collected through questionnaires from 122 employees selected using census sampling. The data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings demonstrate that work motivation and organizational commitment have positive and significant effects on employee performance, with organizational commitment emerging as the strongest predictor. By contrast, budget adequacy has no significant direct effect on employee performance and does not moderate the relationship between work motivation and employee performance or between organizational commitment and employee performance. These findings indicate that psychological and organizational factors are more influential than budget adequacy in explaining employee performance within the examined public organizations. The study contributes to the literature on public-sector human resource management by clarifying the limited direct and moderating roles of budget adequacy. Accordingly, management should prioritize strengthening organizational commitment and sustaining employee motivation while maintaining adequate budgetary resources as operational support.
This study investigates the integrated monetary transmission mechanism in Indonesia by linking external shocks, inflation dynamics, monetary policy instruments, and banking liquidity within a unified (VECM) Vector Error Correction Model framework. Using monthly data as of 2018 to 2024, the analysis incorporates exchange rate movements, money supply, and fuel prices as determinants of inflation, while examining the role of inflation in shaping policy responses through Minimum Reserve Requirements (GWM) and the BI 7-Day Repo Rate (BI7DRR), and their subsequent impact on the Loan-to-Deposit Ratio (LDR). The results indicate that fuel price shocks exert a significant and persistent long-run impact on inflation, which subsequently influences monetary tightening. Interest rate adjustments significantly reduce banking liquidity in both the short and long run, while reserve requirements serve as a complementary stabilization instrument. The conclusion emphasizes the prominence of energy-driven inflation in transmitting macroeconomic shocks to banking intermediation and financial stability in emerging economies.
BRICS mewakili kekuatan global alternatif yang menantang dominasi Negara Barat dengan menekankan multipolaritas, yaitu kerja sama antar negara-negara besar untuk menciptakan tatanan dunia yang lebih seimbang dan tidak hanya dikendalikan oleh kekuatan Barat. Studi ini menganalisis partisipasi Presiden Prabowo Subianto dalam Pertemuan Virtual Pemimpin BRICS pada 8 September 2025, dengan fokus pada bagaimana identitas diplomatik Indonesia dibangun melalui pidato kenegaraan resmi. Menggunakan Analisis Wacana Kritis (CDA) Fairclough dan perspektif konstruktivis dalam Hubungan Internasional (Wendt, 1992), penelitian ini mengkaji dimensi tekstual, diskursif, dan sosial dari pidato tersebut. Pada tingkat tekstual, temuan menyoroti citra Indonesia sebagai mitra kerja sama sekaligus menyuarakan kritik implisit terhadap hegemoni global. Pada tingkat diskursif, pidato tersebut diproduksi oleh Sekretariat Presiden dan disebarluaskan melalui media nasional dan internasional, sehingga memperkuat citra diplomatik Indonesia di hadapan khalayak global dan domestik. Pada tingkat praktik sosial, wacana tersebut mencerminkan dukungan terhadap multipolaritas, penolakan terhadap standar ganda, dan solidaritas internasional. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa bahkan pernyataan multilateral singkat oleh Presiden Prabowo Subianto dapat berfungsi sebagai instrumen penting untuk pembangunan identitas dan kekuatan lunak Indonesia. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi baru dengan memperluas penerapan CDA ke ranah diplomasi internasional.
