Airlangga University (Indonesian: Universitas Airlangga; Javanese: ꦈꦤꦶꦮ꦳ꦼꦂꦱꦶꦠꦱ꧀ꦄꦲꦶꦂꦭꦁꦒ, abbreviated as Unair or UA) is the second-oldest university in Indonesia and also a public university located in Surabaya, East Java. Despite being officially established by Indonesian Government Regulation in 1954, Universitas Airlangga was first founded in 1948 as a distant branch of the University of Indonesia, with roots dating back to 1913. It started with a medical school and school of dentistry. Now Universitas Airlangga hosts 16 faculties with more than 35,000 students (during the 2015-2016 academic year) and 1,570 faculty members. Universitas Airlangga has university hospitals for the faculties of Medicine, Veterinary Medicine, Nursing, and Dentistry, as well as a tropical infection hospital for its Institute of Tropical Disease. The university is also equipped with biosafety level three facilities.Consistently ranked highly in major world university rankings, Universitas Airlangga have long been considered one of the "Big 5" university in Indonesia, along with University of Indonesia, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, and Gadjah Mada University.Universitas Airlangga has international partnerships worldwide, including with University of Bonn, Seoul National University, and University of Adelaide.
Abstract This study examines the socioeconomic impacts of the March 2024 earthquake on household resilience in Bawean Island, East Java, Indonesia. Data for this study were collected through a survey with a snowball sampling technique, with a total of 221 valid respondents from affected regions. Using a household survey across 12 affected villages and partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), the study identifies critical factors contributing to household resilience, namely social, economic, human, and physical capital assets. The findings can be explained in two ways. First, the result confirms social, economic, human, and physical capital as critical resilience determinants. Second, higher household resilience could reduce the impact of natural disasters. This study can be an input for policymakers to strengthen household resilience in disaster-prone areas to support sustainable development goals (SDGs).
A 2-acre reedbed system, cultivated with Phragmites australis, was established and utilized to remediate groundwater polluted with chlorinated hydrocarbons at a former industrial site. The reedbed comprised a combination of horizontal and vertical systems over four parallel installations, with a treatment capacity of 305 m3/day. The mean inlet concentration for the four-line treatment was 112.4 mg/L, which was below the specified inlet concentration of 250 mg/L. From 2019 to 2024, the reedbed system effectively eliminated 1,2-Dichloroethane (1,2-DCA), with average removal rates of 97.7%, 98.8%, 98.5%, and 98.6% for Lines 1 to 4, respectively. The average outlet concentrations of 1,2-DCA were 0.70 mg/L, 0.40 mg/L, 0.42 mg/L, and 0.52 mg/L for Lines 1-4, respectively, resulting in an overall average of 0.51 mg/L. We performed the assessment of natural attenuation by first-order decay kinetics for five groundwater monitoring wells, showing values between 0.0012/year and 0.0036/year (shallow wells), 0.0003/year and 0.0021/year (middle wells), and 0.0003/year and 0.0009/year (deep wells). Here, shallow groundwater showed the highest kinetic rates compared to middle and deep groundwater wells. The results indicated that the reedbed system removed the bulk of contaminants through active biological processes involving plants and microbes, and that natural attenuation further degraded 1,2-DCA in the groundwater profiles. Based on data monitoring from 2019 to 2024, the reduction and degradation results showed good removal efficiency for the reedbed systems, combined with natural attenuation in the groundwater.
Intensive maize cultivation in the Brantas River basin, East Java, Indonesia, has increased the use of atrazine and phosphate-based fertilizers, raising concerns regarding drinking water safety. This study evaluated the performance of a nanofiltration system for atrazine and total phosphate removal, assessed the influence of coagulant type (Al2(SO4)3 and FeCl3) and biofiltration as pretreatment units, and optimized operational conditions using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Raw water underwent coagulation followed by slow sand biofiltration prior to NF. Membrane fouling was evaluated by monitoring permeate flux decline and further characterized through SEM–EDX analysis of the membrane surface morphology and elemental composition. Statistical evaluation using Design-Expert Version 13 (DX13) indicated that operating time, coagulant type, and biofilter inclusion significantly affected contaminant rejection (p < 0.0001). The optimum configuration, determined at a desirability value of 0.779, consisted of FeCl3 coagulation without biofiltration, operating for 9.828 days. Under these conditions, atrazine and total phosphate rejections reached 74.21
PurposeThis study investigates the impact of military-experienced board members on firm-level investment efficiency, focusing on Indonesian non-financial listed companies from 2011 to 2019. It integrates upper echelons and imprinting theories to explain how military backgrounds shape corporate decision-making, particularly in relation to risk preferences.Design/methodology/approachBased on 2,648 firm-year observations, this study employs fixed-effects regression to analyze the relationship between military experience and investment efficiency. To address endogeneity and ensure robustness, we apply Heckman's two-stage regression, coarsened exact matching (CEM), propensity score matching (PSM) and the generalized method of moments (GMM).FindingsThe results reveal a significantly positive association between military-experienced boards and investment efficiency. This effect is particularly pronounced in underinvesting firms, in firms operating in low-concentration industries, and where board commissioners have military backgrounds. The positive association is also evident in the context of R&D efficiency.Originality/valueThese findings suggest that appointing board commissioners with military backgrounds can enhance disciplined and context-sensitive investment decisions. However, military discipline alone may not substitute for financial expertise, underscoring the need for a balanced board composition.
Climate change profoundly affects the phytochemical profiles and therapeutic potentials of medicinal plants through environmental stressors such as rising temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and increased atmospheric CO2 levels. This review critically examines the mechanisms underlying these impacts, focusing on physiological plant responses, shifts in primary and secondary metabolite biosynthesis, and the consequent effects on medicinal efficacy and toxicity. Our findings indicate that elevated CO2 often enhances biomass production but exerts variable effects on bioactive compound concentrations; temperature fluctuations disrupt phenological phases, thereby altering medicinal quality; and water stress significantly modulates secondary metabolite profiles. While these environmental challenges threaten plant-based healthcare, potential mitigation strategies—including sustainable agricultural practices, genetic engineering, and conservation approaches—are discussed as viable solutions. We recommend future research to emphasize metabolomics, interdisciplinary methodologies, and integration of traditional knowledge to bolster resilience and preserve the therapeutic efficacy of medicinal plants amid ongoing climatic uncertainties.
