The University of Arizona College of Medicine – Tucson, located in Tucson, Arizona, is one of three MD granting medical schools in the state of Arizona, affiliated with the University of Arizona. The University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix was initially established as a branch campus in 2007, but became an independent medical school in 2012. The College of Medicine – Tucson campus is located at the University of Arizona Health Sciences (UAHS) center on the campus of the University of Arizona and is governed by the Arizona Board of Regents. Traditionally, the college accepted Arizona residents exclusively. However, beginning the 2009–2010 incoming class, the school changed its policy to allow for admission of "highly-qualified," non-residents.
REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a well-established prodromal marker of α-synucleinopathies, including Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy. Over 80
To systematically evaluate and compare the performance of large language models (LLMs) in answering osteoporosis-related frequently asked questions (FAQs) derived from international osteoporosis-related associations. A standardized question bank was constructed based on FAQs summarized from three international osteoporosis-related associations. Six LLMs were prompted to generate responses to all questions under uniform conditions. Two osteoporosis experts independently and blindly evaluated all responses using 5-point Likert scales for accuracy and comprehensiveness. Inter-rater reliability was assessed using Cohen’s κ coefficient. Nonparametric statistical analyses, including Kruskal-Wallis tests with Dunn’s post hoc comparisons and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, were performed to compare models’ performance. A total of 528 responses were generated from 88 association-based questions. Inter-rater agreement was good for both accuracy and comprehensiveness (κ = 0.668 and 0.702, respectively). Significant differences were observed among models, with Claude Sonnet 4.5 demonstrating the highest overall performance on association-based FAQs. Although most models showed solid medical knowledge and basic reasoning ability, substantial variability was observed across question types and prompt formulations. Current LLMs demonstrate promising potential as auxiliary tools for osteoporosis-related health management. However, it is necessary to optimize the strategies for integrating medical knowledge and designing prompts, so as to better improve the accessibility of its clinical application.
Wound healing is a complex process involving spatiotemporal patterning of cellular activity across four overlapping phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling, which restore anatomic and functional tissue integrity. Recent advances in cell-based technologies have increased focus on cell populations, heterogeneity, and phenotypes during healing. This manuscript reviews traditional and emerging technologies that advance our understanding of the cellular biology of wounds, from histological methods to high-resolution single-cell, spatial-, and multi-omics.
Acute coronary syndromes are caused by obstructive coronary thrombosis complicating myocardial ischaemic disease and are dichotomously classified according to their electrocardiographic presentation as ST-segment elevation myocardial infraction or non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome, either without or with elevated myocardial necrosis markers. Initial diagnosis and risk stratification are reliably guided by symptoms, electrocardiographic changes, and troponin elevation and require exclusion of alternative conditions, such as Type 2 myocardial infarction and myocardial injury due to systemic conditions. Timely coronary angiography is a key component of the initial diagnosis to assess the presence of occlusive coronary artery disease, rather than an myocardial infarction with non-occluded coronary arteries, and the suitability for revascularization. While clinical trials with randomization prior to angiography have shown reduction in recurrent myocardial infarction and urgent revascularization with a neutral effect on mortality from an early invasive approach, increased revascularization rates have been systematically associated with reduced mortality in registries and administrative databases. Complete revascularization in patients with multivessel disease has been shown to reduce mortality compared with culprit-only revascularization. The safety of this approach has been shown even in fragile, elderly, and multimorbid patients. Post-acute treatment should be focused on patient-tailored antithrombotic therapy and disease-modifying secondary prevention approaches. This review describes the complex spectrum of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome and the importance of complete clinical and coronary angiographic assessment for optimal patient-centred treatment.
We aimed to evaluate whether double cutoff strategies for plasma pTau217 across multiple assay platforms improve tau PET positivity prediction compared with single cutoffs and support cost-effective clinical use. We analyzed two cohorts: K-ROAD (n = 120; tau-enriched) and NA-ADNI (n = 280; tau-scarce). Tau PET positivity was defined within the temporal meta-ROI as SUVR > mean + 2 SD of Aβ-negative CU. Single and double cutoffs were compared for accuracy and misclassification-related costs. Single cutoffs showed good accuracy across most assays (AUCs > 0.80), except for C2N ratio. Double cutoffs modestly improved accuracy but expanded intermediate groups, in the tau-scarce cohort. Cost analyses revealed assay- and cohort-specific effects, with reductions in most settings but increases for Lilly-MSD and Janssen-Simoa. Double cutoff strategies should be applied with attention to assay platform and cohort context. Accuracy gains were modest, but clinical utility lies in reducing misclassification costs and guiding confirmatory PET use.
