Mobility is central to aging in place, yet older adults' transportation experiences are shaped by the interaction of housing conditions, transportation systems, and functional capacity. Drawing on person-environment exchange perspectives in environmental gerontology, this study examines how housing-related cost pressures and transportation disadvantage jointly influence transportation dependence and realized mobility among adults aged 55 and older. Using survey data, we estimate multivariable regression models and test moderation and mediation pathways to clarify underlying mechanisms. Transportation disadvantage-defined as the cumulative presence of car unavailability, lack of smartphone access, and reliance on assistance for travel-emerges as a strong and consistent predictor of reliance on dependent transportation modes and destination-specific mobility. Greater transportation disadvantage is associated with increased medical trip-making and reduced social participation, while grocery trip frequency shows no independent association once access constraints are accounted for. In contrast, combined housing and transportation cost burden and housing tenure exhibit no direct, conditional, or indirect effects on mobility outcomes. These findings highlight the central role of proximal access constraints in shaping mobility in later life and underscore the limits of cost-based affordability measures for understanding everyday transportation experiences among older adults.
This paper investigates whether individual CEOs and CFOs have fixed effects on firm-level future stock price crash risk. We find that both CEOs and CFOs exhibit such fixed effects, and these effects remain robust across various tests. Additionally, we observe that CEOs' fixed effects are stronger than those of CFOs. And there is some marginal evidence that the executives' fixed effects are less pronounced in firms with better information environment quality. Finally, consistent with the influence of managers' fixed effects, we find that CEOs' professional qualifications (e.g., MBA, JD, and CPA) and CFOs' family status and military experience are associated with stock price crash risk.
PurposeThis research investigates the phenomenon of AI complacency - The employee's tendency to intentionally neglect validating AI-generated output even in the presence of systematic errors. It identifies the lack of monitoring accountability as the underlying driver of this phenomenon, assesses its consequences, and offers strategies for mitigation.Design/methodology/approachGrounded in contingency theory, this research employs six experimental studies (N = 1,370 participants), including one study with service employees across industries (N = 160 participants), to examine how insufficient monitoring accountability facilitates the emergence of AI complacency. The research explores both the causal mechanisms and the boundary conditions that modulate this effect.FindingsThe results show that the primary driver of AI complacency is the lack of accountability in monitoring AI-generated outputs. This complacency leads to detrimental work-related outcomes, such as increased commission errors and a diminished willingness to evaluate AI-generated outputs critically. The research also identifies situational factors that exacerbate and buffer these effects.Practical implicationsThe findings highlight the critical need for organizations to implement systemic accountability frameworks that ensure employees actively engage with and oversee AI-generated output.Originality/valueThis research is among the first to examine AI complacency in the context of service provision empirically. It provides a theoretical framework, robust empirical evidence, and practical recommendations for improving Employee-AI collaboration in service provision, contributing to both academic discourse and managerial practice.
Greening of grey infrastructure (GGI), a type of nature-based solution which strives to enhance marine life along increasingly artificial urban shorelines, is widely recognised for providing environmental benefits. Yet research into the benefits for society remains scarce. Understanding social perceptions of GGI is crucial, as public buy-in and expert support is essential for successful implementation. Using the Living Seawalls in Plymouth, United Kingdom, as a case study, we conducted a social perception study using questionnaires at expert workshops held prior to the Living Seawalls’ installation, and at public events following the installation. We gathered data from experts from relevant sectors, such as natural and built environment professionals and government employees, in addition to members of the public, gauging support for GGI, willingness to pay, and potential drivers of differing opinions. Both groups expressed positive perceptions and high levels of support. Almost all respondents expressed support for greening existing seawalls (99
Introduction:The COVID-19 pandemic had adverse effects on mental health in persons with cardiac disease due to policies implemented. The purpose was to assess sex differences and correlates of self-reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, and quality of life (QoL) upon entry to cardiovascular rehabilitation (CR) during the COVID-19 pandemic. We hypothesized that males entering CR would have lower symptoms of depression, anxiety, and higher QoL.Methods:Using electronic medical records with complete data, 305 patients (89 (29%) female) aged 65 +/- 11 yr (range 37-89), who attended an initial CR exercise session (6/2021-11/2022) at Winchester Medical Center, Winchester, VA, were included in this retrospective analysis. The Patient Health Questionnaire, General Anxiety Disorder-7, and Dartmouth Cooperative Functional Assessment Charts (COOP) questionnaires were administered at baseline. Unpaired t test and Fisher exact test were used to compare data between the sexes. Stepwise linear regression models were fitted to identify correlates of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and QoL.Results:Overall, the patients entering CR had mean Patient Health Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and COOP scores of 5.4, 3.9, and 22.3, respectively. There were no sex-related differences in the symptoms of depression or anxiety (P = 0.87 and P = 0.47, respectively). Females had worse perceived QoL via COOP (P = 0.03). QoL was a common correlate of depression (ss = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.17-0.32) and anxiety (ss = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.05-0.20).Conclusions:Contrary to our hypothesis, there were no sex differences during the COVID-19 pandemic in depression or anxiety. Practicing clinicians should be aware of a potential change from the traditional view that females have higher levels of depression entering CR.
