Despite growing interest in salespeople’s social media use, the role of customers in motivating and shaping such use has received limited scholarly attention. Moreover, little is known about whether—and how—social media use enhances salespeople’s effectiveness in managing service recovery situations. Using the conservation of resources theory and analyzing matched survey responses from B2B salespeople and their managers, we find that while customer interest in digital technology has a curvilinear (inverted U-shape) relationship with salesperson social media use, this relationship decreases at higher levels of job engagement, indicating that salespeople with high job engagement have greater resources to manage the stress caused by customer interest in digital technology. Moreover, social media use improves manager-rated salesperson service recovery performance. The study offers significant implications for both theory and practice.
Research on motivation to lead (MTL) suggests that team members' agentic motives are more relevant than their communal motives in shaping informal leader emergence. Yet, this prevailing consensus in the MTL literature is based on the view of leader emergence as a static one-time event, discounting its inherently dynamic nature. Integrating dynamic views of leader emergence with the warmth-competence framework and the passage of time, we propose that both agentic and communal MTL shape leader emergence, albeit at different points of teamwork and through distinct social perceptual pathways. Results from two multiwave studies of MBA students in self-managing teams (n = 212 and 355, respectively) show that agentic MTL predicts initial leader emergence via perceptions of competence, which also enable agentic leaders to sustain in leadership positions in the long term. In contrast, communal MTL fosters later leader emergence, as perceptions of warmth and competence increase over time. These findings suggest that teams may appear to initially undervalue communal motives in leadership decisions because agentic individuals establish themselves as leaders before the benefits of communal motives fully materialize.
OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to elucidate potential mechanisms associated with the cardioprotective efficacy of methanolic Delonix regia extract against the pathophysiological diabetic cardiac remodeling. METHODS:Phytochemical analysis of the D. regia extract was conducted utilizing liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Diabetes was induced using a high fructose/salt/fat diet, with a concurrent low dose streptozotocin. The extract was administered orally during the final six weeks. KEY FINDINGS:The analysis identified fifty-nine phytoconstituents within the floral extract. Functionally, the extract was associated with improvements in diabetes-induced alterations in cardiac performance and normalization of electrocardiographic indicators of ventricular activity. Structurally, the extract was associated with attenuation of cardiac remodeling, including reduced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, improvement of diabetes-induced structural distortions, and decreased fibrotic deposition. Additionally, the extract was associated with modulation of apoptotic markers and increased levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), tetrahydrobiopterin, cyclic guanosine monophosphate, and glutathione. Molecular docking suggested that these effects may be attributable to the combined actions of phenolic and flavonoid constituents. CONCLUSIONS:Methanolic extract of D. regia may have therapeutic potential in the attenuating left ventricular remodeling associated with diabetic cardiomyopathy. These effects appear to be associated with modulation of eNOS/NO/cGMP and NF-κB/iNOS/TNF-α trajectories, along with anti-apoptotic and antifibrotic actions.
Secondary high explosives (HEs) exhibit rich microstructure that promotes the formation of hot spots responsible for detonation initiation, but the role of microstructural interfaces remains poorly quantified. To this end, we develop extensions for the generalized crystal-cutting method (GCCM) to prepare molecular dynamics (MD) simulation cells containing grain boundaries (GBs) and other crystal-crystal interfaces with prescribed tilt and twist orientations. Using the GCCM, we perform MD simulations of shock interactions with a GB between the (001) and (100) crystal facets in the secondary HE TATB (1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene). Our MD simulations reveal a strong directional dependence to the formation of a hot spot at the GB interface. In particular, transmission of the shock from the (001) grain to the (100) grain yields a hot spot in the (100) grain at the GB interface, whereas no hot spot is produced when an equivalent shock transits the GB in the opposite direction. We trace the origin of this GB anisotropy to three dominant factors: (1) the intrinsic differences in shock-deformation mechanisms and wave structures for the bulk (100) and (001) grains, which leads to distinct geometries and mechanical impedances upon shock arrival to the GB depending on which grains are donor or acceptor for the transmitted shock; (2) the different time intervals separating the initial shock rise and the formation of steady wave structures in the respective donor-acceptor configurations; and (3) the differences in time scales required to re-establish local thermal equilibrium. Interfacial hot spots form when these factors combine to impede development of a steady two-wave structure and instead induce a localized, pseudosingly shocked region that undergoes a higher rate of work production (resulting in a higher temperature) compared to when the steady two-wave structure develops further from the interface. The extensions to the GCCM approach presented here are anticipated to facilitate a wide range of MD studies that focus on understanding the role of crystal-crystal interfaces in molecular materials.
This study presents a comprehensive theoretical investigation of the kinetics and mechanism of the c-C3H6 + CN reaction over the 10-740 K temperature range. The results show that hydrogen abstraction by the CN radical, yielding the cyclopropyl radical and hydrogen cyanide, is exothermic and proceeds through a submerged barrier, suggesting a favorable reaction pathway under interstellar conditions. The rate constants calculated at the CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ//CCSD/cc-pVDZ level using the VTST method between 297 and 740 K agree very well with previously reported experimental data and fit the expression k VTST = 2.93 & times; 10-16 T 1.76 exp(0.05 kcal mol-1/RT) cm3 molecule-1 s-1. Between 10 and 297 K, the temperature dependence k = 1.3 & times; 10-11 (T/300)-2.2 exp(-39.0/T) cm3 molecule-1 s-1 is obtained by combining the room temperature rate constant with two values calculated from the capture model. Additionally, anharmonic rovibrational data for cyanocyclopropane are computed and compared with the available experimental measurements. According to these findings, cyanocyclopropane emerges as a promising target for future astrochemical detection, most likely through radioastronomy due to its large dipole moment of 4.25 D.
