The University of Tromsø – The Arctic University of Norway (Norwegian: Universitetet i Tromsø – Norges arktiske universitet; Northern Sami: Romssa universitehta – Norgga árktalaš universitehta) is the world's northernmost university. Located in the city of Tromsø, Norway, it was established in 1968, and opened in 1972. It is one of ten universities in Norway. The University of Tromsø is the largest research and educational institution in Northern Norway and the sixth-largest university in Norway. The University's location makes it a natural venue for the development of studies of the region's natural environment, culture, and society. The main focus of the University's activities is on auroral light research, space science, fishery science, biotechnology, linguistics, multicultural societies, Saami culture, telemedicine, epidemiology and a wide spectrum of Arctic research projects. The close vicinity of the Norwegian Polar Institute, the Norwegian Institute of Marine Research and the Polar Environmental Centre gives Tromsø added weight and importance as an international centre for Arctic research. Research activities, however, are not limited to Arctic studies. The University researchers work within a broad range of subjects and are recognised both nationally and internationally. On 1 January 2009, the University of Tromsø merged with Tromsø University College. On 1 August 2013, the university merged with Finnmark University College to form Universitetet i Tromsø – Norges arktiske universitet (The University of Tromsø – The Arctic University of Norway), thereby adding campuses in Alta, Hammerfest and Kirkenes. On 1 January 2016, Narvik University College and Harstad University College merged with UiT - The Arctic University of Norway. As of January 2016 the university now has six campus locations in northern Norway, the main campus being Tromsø.
This article examines how the Norwegian white paper on climate change adaptation (CCA) articulates specific future CCA imaginaries, and how these imaginaries materialise - or fail to materialise - into practice within two network operations. As climate change impacts are increasingly present in Norway, the need for transformative actions becomes ever more urgent. We used a Critical Discourse Analysis to examine how climate change and climate change adaptation is articulated. Which specific adaptation strategies are proposed, and if CCA sits within the current paradigms. Following this, imaginaries are identified using the taxonomy from Kanarp et al. (2025). The results show that both across the policy and practice level two hegemonic imaginaries emerge including eco-modern state and knowledge society. The analysis further indicates a contradictory relation between the understanding of climate change, as bringing significant environmental change, while proposing incremental CCA practises requiring no structural change. Furthermore, longer temporal horizons are rarely considered and fail to translate into materialisation of CCA. The narrowing and stabilisation of these selected imaginaries across governance levels indicate a lack of substantive engagement with anticipated loss due to climate change and a lack of imagination to accept the plurality of diverse futures. Both are prerequisites for meaningfully foreseeing, selecting, and enacting alternative futures.
Language development depends on both the quantity of linguistic input children receive and their ability to uptake input, yet the relationship between these two factors remains unclear. This study adopted the structural priming paradigm to examine how input and uptake shape syntactic development in three groups of Mandarin-speaking children aged 5–9 years (N = 75, Nfemale = 39): neurotypical monolinguals (optimal input and uptake), monolinguals with Developmental Language Disorder (optimal input, reduced uptake), and Mandarin-English heritage bilinguals (reduced input, optimal uptake). All groups had acquired the target non-canonical structures (the BA-, BEI-, and OSV-constructions). However, reduced input and reduced uptake were associated with distinct production patterns. Heritage bilinguals produced more canonical structures (the SVO-construction), whereas monolingual children, particularly those with Developmental Language Disorder, favoured the BA-construction, suggesting differences in underlying learning mechanisms and production strategies that may be shaped by their language (learning) experience. Moreover, while richer input enhanced uptake, reduced input did not diminish it, suggesting input quantity and processing ability play separable yet interacting roles in development.
Gas hydrates are widespread under the seafloor along continental margins, where high-pressure and low-temperature conditions ensure their stability. They represent a significant potential energy resource; however, their exploitation poses serious environmental and climatic risks, including submarine slope failures, tsunamis, climate warming, ocean acidification and oxygen depletion. Many hyperthermal events and associated biotic crises have been linked to large-scale destabilisation of gas hydrates. These assumptions are based primarily on circumstantial evidences, as distinctive hydrate-related rocks have not been documented in sedimentary successions coeval to these events. Despite this, gas hydrates must have existed since at least the Neoproterozoic, suggesting that their geological record is underrepresented, and their role in Earth history remains elusive. Recognising vestiges of past gas hydrates is, therefore, essential for the understanding of their impact on ancient geosystems and their potential contribution to near-future climate change. This review aims to enhance the identification of past gas hydrate occurrences in marine settings by: (1) outlining their distribution, occurrence, dynamics and associated geohazards in modern environments; (2) summarising current perspectives on their role in Earth history; (3) reviewing their sedimentological and geochemical vestiges in the sedimentary record. Particular emphasis is posed on the most reliable archive of past gas hydrates: hydrate-derived authigenic carbonates; (4) clarifying existing confusion in terminology and proposing a comprehensive classification of gas hydrate-associated rocks; and (5) identifying the most promising research directions and methods in this field.
Multimodal imaging integrates complementary contrasts to improve the understanding of physiological processes and disease progression. In this review, we aim to summarize and critically assess the integration of optoacoustic microscopy (OAM) with established ultrasound-based and optical microscopy-based modalities, addressing how these hybrid systems enhance structural, functional, and molecular imaging across biomedical applications. A comprehensive literature review was conducted focusing on OAM-based multimodal microscopy platforms integrated with ultrasound microscopy and optical techniques, including optical coherence tomography, fluorescence microscopy, multiphoton microscopy, light-sheet microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Emerging strategies such as integration with quantitative phase imaging and advanced signal processing approaches, including the multiple signal classification algorithm, were also examined. Studies were analysed with respect to system design, image co-registration and fusion strategies, and application domains including oncology, dermatology, ophthalmology, and neuroscience. Multimodal OAM platforms demonstrated enhanced imaging performance by combining high optical contrast with improved penetration depth and functional sensitivity. These systems enabled detailed visualization of oxygenation, tumor angiogenesis, skin microarchitecture, retinal structures, and neuronal activity. Comparative analysis revealed trade-offs and synergies among modalities in terms of spatial resolution, penetration depth, frame rate, and field-of-view, highlighting the advantages of hybrid configurations over single-modality approaches. Hybrid OAM-based multimodal microscopy provides a powerful framework for comprehensive biomedical imaging. By leveraging complementary contrasts and advanced image fusion strategies, these platforms hold strong potential to advance both fundamental research and translational clinical applications.
The relationship between self-reported falls and fracture risk was estimated in an international meta-analysis of individual-level data from 46 prospective cohorts. Previous falls were associated with an increased fracture risk in women and men and should be considered as an additional risk factor in the FRAX® algorithm. Previous falls are a well-documented risk factor for subsequent fracture but have not yet been incorporated into the FRAX algorithm. The aim of this study was to evaluate, in an international meta-analysis, the association between previous falls and subsequent fracture risk and its relation to sex, age, duration of follow-up, and bone mineral density (BMD). The resource comprised 906,359 women and men (66.9
