Vardhman Institute of Medical Sciences (VIMS) / Bhagwan Mahavir Institute of Medical Sciences (BMIMS) is a government medical college situated at Pawapuri, in the Nalanda district of the Indian state of Bihar. It is affiliated with Aryabhatta Knowledge University. Established in year 2011, it offers UG and PG courses in medical field as well as paramedical specilizations across 5 different specializations.
Kaplan’s injury is complex dislocations of metacarpophalangeal joint. The metacarpal head is dislocated and is volar plate goes dorsal to it making it unreducible by closed method. We present a case of Kaplan injury along with an osteochondral fracture of metacarpal head of second digit of right hand. We have used dorsal approach to avoid vascular injury and to address the osteochondral fracture fragment. The dislocation was fixed with k wires. Good functional outcome was seen at 6 months. There is ongoing discussion regarding the best approach to treat these lesions. Dorsal approach with k wiring provides good functional outcomes in cases of Kaplan injury.
Background: Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) can cause acute and chronic viral infections. Due to their higher costs, potential side effects and drug interactions, and associated risks, some patients with HCV and HBV infections may not be able to afford conventional antiviral medications. Objective: The goal of this review paper is to highlight the advantages of Nigella sativa, or black seeds, in the treatment of patients with HCV and HBV infections. Methods: Medline/Pubmed/PMC, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Science Di-rect, Ebsco, Embase, and reference lists were searched to locate the research studies that assessed the effects of different black seed (N. sativa) preparations on the telltale signs and symptoms of HCV and HBV infections. Results: Numerous preclinical and clinical investigations have suggested that black seeds (N. sativa) may be effective against HCV and HBV infections. Furthermore, N. sativa, or black seeds, have demonstrated a range of pleiotropic effects, such as antiviral activity against multiple other viruses and anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties that can lessen the symptoms and indicators of HCV and HBV infections. Conclusion: Patients with HCV and HBV infections may benefit from using black seeds (N. sativa) as an adjuvant therapy in addition to conventional therapy. Additional random-ized controlled clinical trials would confirm the safety and effectiveness of Nigella sativa (black seeds) in treating HCV and HBV infections.
Animal proteins (APs) and plant proteins (PPs) seem to exhibit different thermic and metabolic effects, which may be attributed to differences in amino acid profiles, bioavailability, and digestibility. In this study, we aimed to investigate and compare the postprandial effects of AP and PP meals on energy metabolism parameters, including resting energy expenditure (REE) and substrate oxidation (SO), in overweight and obese men. This acute randomized crossover clinical trial involved forty-eight overweight and obese men, with a mean age of 33.48 ± 8.35 years and an average BMI of 29.15 ± 2.33 kg/m2. Participants consumed two high-protein test meals with different protein sources (AP and PP) on separate days, with a washout period of 7 to 10 days between them. On each test day, energy metabolism parameters were measured in both the fasting state and postprandial phase using indirect calorimetry. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25 and R programs, evaluating the effects of carry-over, treatment, time, and treatment × time interaction through generalized estimating equations (GEE) analysis. After controlling for baseline values, there was a significant effect of time (P < 0.05), protein source (P < 0.05), and protein source × time (P < 0.05) on REE, TEF, and carbohydrate oxidation. REE showed an increase following the consumption of both meals; however, the rise observed after AP (14.2
Polymicrobial communities lead to worsen the wound infections, due to mixed biofilms, increased antibiotic resistance, and altered virulence production. Promising approaches, including enzymes, may overcome the complicated condition of polymicrobial infections. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate Staphopain A-mediated virulence and resistance alteration in an animal model of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa co-infection. S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were co-cultured on the L-929 cell line and wound infection in an animal model. Then, recombinant staphopain A was purified and used to treat mono- and co-infections. Following the treatment, changes in virulence factors and resistance were investigated through phenotypic methods and RT-PCR. Staphopain A resulted in a notable reduction in the viability of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa . The biofilm formed in the wound infection in both animal model and cell culture was disrupted remarkably. Moreover, the biofilm-encoding genes, quorum sensing regulating genes, and virulence factors (hemolysin and pyocyanin) controlled by QS were down-regulated in both microorganisms. Furthermore, the resistance to vancomycin and doripenem decreased following treatment with staphopain A. According to this study, staphopain A might promote wound healing and cure co-infection. It seems to be a promising agent to combine with antibiotics to overcome hard-to-cure infections.
