武夷学院

Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) are key parameters that determine the fate of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in soils. However, the responses of microbial CUE and NUE to N deposition across soil depths remain poorly understood. In this study, we conducted an N-addition experiment in a Castanopsis faberi forest. Soil samples were collected from the topsoil (0-10 cm) and subsoil (20-30 cm) under three N addition levels to investigate depth-specific responses of microbial CUE and NUE. Changes in soil C fractions, microbial biomass, enzyme activities, and microbial community composition were assessed. Results showed a significant positive correlation between CUE and NUE, indicating a closed relationship between microbial C and N metabolism. Nitrogen addition reduced CUE and NUE at both depths, though the negative effects were less pronounced in the subsoil. Nitrogen addition significantly altered soil C fractions: labile C and particulate organic C increased in the topsoil, whereas mineral-associated organic C and recalcitrant C decreased in the subsoil. Microbial CUE and NUE were significantly correlated with the quantity of soil C fractions. Compared to the topsoil, the subsoil had lower CUE, NUE and dissolved organic C content but a higher C/N ratio, suggesting that differences in CUE and NUE between soil depths are regulated by both the quantity and quality of soil C. These findings reveal a depth-dependent yet directionally consistent effect of N addition on microbial resource-use efficiency, offering new insights into C-N coupling processes in forest ecosystems. This study investigated the changes in soil microbial carbon use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency across different soil layers of Castanopsis faberi forests under various nitrogen addition gradients. By integrating data on soil carbon fractions, enzyme activities, and microbial community structure, it revealed a depth-dependent yet consistently inhibitory response of microbial resource use efficiency to nitrogen addition, providing new experimental evidence for a understanding of the coupling mechanisms of carbon and nitrogen cycling in forest ecosystems. (sic)(sic): (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)/(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)((sic)(sic)(sic)CUE(sic)NUE(sic)(sic))(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(C)(sic)(sic)(N)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)CUE(sic)NUE(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(Castanopsis faberi)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(0-10 cm)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(20-30 cm)(sic)(sic)(sic)CUE(sic)NUE, (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)CUE(sic)NUE(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic):1)(sic)(sic)(sic)CUE(sic)NUE(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)CUE(sic)NUE, (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).2)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic);(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)CUE(sic)NUE(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).3)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)CUE,NUE(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)C/N(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)CUE(sic)NUE(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)-(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).

Escalating climate volatility, particularly the El Ni & ntilde;o/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), poses severe operational and financial risks to corporate sustainability in the energy sector. However, quantitative evidence regarding how macro-level climate shocks transmit to micro-level operational performance remains scarce. Integrating dynamic capability and social network theories, this study analyzes a panel of 103 Chinese listed energy firms (2005-2022) using System GMM, mediation, and moderation models. The results indicate that ENSO intensity significantly impairs performance; specifically, a 1 degrees C rise in sea surface temperature anomalies decreases firms' return on assets (ROAs) by 0.142%. We identify supply chain resilience as a critical strategic mechanism for climate adaptation, where response capacity acts as the dominant mediating channel, while recovery capacity functions as an independent compensatory mechanism. Conversely, supply network complexity-across horizontal, vertical, and spatial dimensions-amplifies the negative impact of climate disruptions by hindering resource mobility. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that state-owned enterprises exhibit stronger institutional resilience, and firms in southern regions partially offset impacts through hydropower advantages. This study bridges climate science with operations management, offering strategic guidance for managers to configure resilient, sustainable supply chains capable of withstanding environmental turbulence.

Balancing objective functions and constraints, as well as balancing diversity and convergence, are the main challenges for constrained multi-objective evolutionary algorithms. To address these challenges, this study proposes a comprehensive ranking technique that integrates multiple rankings with different preferences for objective functions and constraints. During the environmental selection process, the population is ranked using the comprehensive ranking technique, and the next generation population is selected based on the ranking results, thereby achieving a balance between objective functions and constraints. In addition, a search algorithm based on comprehensive ranking is proposed, which integrates two mutation operators with different characteristics. One mutation operator is used for exploration, while another mutation operator is used for exploitation, thus balancing diversity and convergence. Finally, a new constrained multi-objective evolutionary algorithm assisted by comprehensive ranking technique is proposed. To verify the performance of the proposed method, 56 test problems are used to compare the proposed method with 10 state-of-the-art algorithms. The experimental results show that the proposed method performs significantly better than the 10 algorithms. Furthermore, we validated the effectiveness of the proposed method in solving real-world problems based on some power electronics problems.

This paper investigates the evolution of cooperation behaviors within innovation networks through a novel network public goods game framework. We extend the classic model by incorporating dual-centered game structures and heterogeneous relationship strengths, where enterprises simultaneously participate in both self-centered and neighbor-centered cooperative innovation games. Our framework introduces a probability-weighted participation mechanism where involvement in neighbor-centered games is determined by both edge weights and a participation proportion parameter. Using numerical simulations (5000 steps) in scale-free networks, we analyze the evolution of cooperative strategies under varying initial cooperation rates and self-centered degrees. The results reveal a fundamental trade-off between stability and dynamism: While high self-centeredness () ensures rapid stabilization, moderate neighbor-reliance (specifically ) drives dynamic breakthroughs essential for escaping low-cooperation traps. Contrary to the expectation of serving as stable anchors, high-enhancement factor nodes and high-centrality nodes are found to amplify systemic volatility, particularly under medium initial conditions. Furthermore, the relationship between cooperative payoffs and strategy adoption exhibits a universal inverse non-linear correlation, highlighting a temptation paradox where the spread of cooperation paradoxically lowers the relative payoff advantage. Additionally, the proposed mechanism demonstrates remarkable resilience, enabling the system to recover from unfavorable initial conditions through either stable rebounding or oscillatory surges. These findings advance our understanding of cooperative dynamics in innovation systems and provide practical guidance for enterprises in managing their dual roles as innovation leaders and partners.

Conductive materials (CMs) have been employed in anaerobic digestion (AD) of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) wastewater. However, research on different CMs facilitate the degradation of VFAs, as well as their impact on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) remains limited. In this study, biochar (BC), zero-valent iron (ZVI), and iron-modified biochar (Fe-BC) were added to intensify the AD of SMX pharmaceutical wastewater. The results demonstrated that CMs enhanced the transformation of valeric acid to acetic acid, with Fe-BC (10 g/L) showing the most pronounced effect. In the Fe-BC group, the relative abundances of Geobacter and Methanobacterium were 4.31