The epidemiologic study covered causes and levels of mortality in the settlement situated near electric power supply line (voltage is 500 kV). The work used retrospective cohort method adjusted for evaluation of mortality in general population. The study revealed no higher mortality risk with all the causes totally and with leading causal groups under influence of high frequency electromagnetic fields. However, higher relative mortality risk with leukemia and suicide appeared statistically insignificant.
Investigations of the central haemodynamics and myocardial contractility in 73 men, who took part in repairing after the Chernobyl accident in 1986, in 4 years after the accident have shown the hyperkinetic type of circulation in 60.2%, eukinetic in 23.2%, hypokinetic in 15.6% of the examinees. Such changes of the central haemodynamics, increased frequency of the hyperkinetic type are due to the regulatory disorders decreasing the vascular tone in the major and minor circles, amplifying the venous return to heart and increasing the myocardial contractility.
P proteins were just obtained from white rats and a method to testify them with the help of highly stable anti-P serum was worked out. Normal titres of P proteins are 1:1600 and 1:3200. Different models of sensitisation to the industrial allergens (delivered intracutaneously, by inhalation, into trachea in various doses and concentrations) were used in trials of the method. P protein level appeared to correlate with the sensitisation degree estimated by specific allergy tests. The highest P protein titer is due to the toxic allergic conditions (up to 1:102400), the minimal to sensitization of threshold (up to 1:12800) level. Provocative inhalation test in sensitized rats induced an increase of P protein titer as delayed hypersensitivity was forming.
Experiments on male white rats showed that the soluble forms of vat dyes such as red brown 'G' (RBG) and bright green 'G' (BGG) delivered into the stomach in a toxic dose (1 g/kg) activate lipid peroxidation (LPO) in liver microsomes. Chronically inhaled dyes hasten of slow down some LPO stages, the changes depending on the concentration, duration of exposure and chemical structure of a compound. Soluble vat dye RBG increases LPO in concentration 5 mg/m3 whereas RBG shows antioxidant action in high and low concentrations.
The main directions in the research and study of industrial microclimate are represented in the article. Evaluation of the microclimate based on thermophysiology, studies of correlation between the environmental temperature and the human functional status helped to establish the normal parameters, measures of the overheating and the overcooling prophylaxis. New data about the immediate and late effect of single microclimate parameters on the human functional status necessitate the creation of new methodic approaches to the evaluation and control of microclimate conditions.
Initial data can be transformed into relative to check conclusion about the influence of studied factor on resulting variable. Examples of dispersion analysis on orthogonal and nonorthogonal complexes are given.
Highly sensitive, selective method of 2-chlorobutadiene-1,3 and 2,3-dichlorobutadiene-1,3 detection by means of gas chromatography in the skin wash-off is worked out. The sensitivity is 0.2 microgram for 2-chlorobutadiene-1,3 and 1 microgram for the 2,3-dichlorobutadiene-1,3.
Sensitive gas chromatography methods have been worked out for evaluation of azocene trace quantities in the air of working and populated area, water, soil, plants and biological material. Chromatographer with thermoionic detector was employed. The lower detection threshold is 2 ng of azocene. The resulting errors is under 20. Other fungicides do not interfere.
Presents data on mutagenic, gonadotoxic, embryotoxic and teratogenic activities of phosphorus, fluorine and their derivatives. The investigations have revealed the mechanisms of these chemical substances toxic action on the genetic apparatus, reproductive organs, progeny. The problem is interesting and needs further investigations.
A more precise method to score the mean temperature of human body exposed to a wide range of heat was worked out. The work produced formula describing the correlation between the changes of mean body temperature and human thermal status, which lets score the degree of overheating and/or cooling from heat content.
Exploitation of laser devices exposes the workers to reflected low-intensity radiation and concomitant physical and chemical factors. Clinical and experimental studies revealed the structural and functional disorders in the organs and body systems exposed to long and constant action of the stated factors, which let the changes be considered as a criterion of the harmful action and serve to base the maximal allowable conditions and assure the safe work conditions when handling laser devices. Harmful and dangerous factors produced by laser device and used materials necessitate the creation of laser equipment of different types and purposes, that will be safe for the personnel handling it.
A spectrophotometric method of vinyl-imidazole and benzo-vinyl-imidazole detection in the air of working area is worked out. The method is based on the vinyl oxidation into formaldehyde and the detection of latter by reaction with sodium bichromotropate. The optic density is measured at 580 nm.
Dimethylphosphite, being a semiproduct of chlorophosphonium synthesis, is a moderately toxic substance according to the criterion of acute toxicity. It is characterized by marked cumulative properties, absorption from skin and local irritative action. Acute and chronic poisoning induces disorders of the nervous system. MAC in the air is 0.5 mg/m3 as established by Ministry of Health.
Immunologic studies in 130 protein-vitamin concentrate production workers of Angarsk showed the characteristic changes in clinically healthy individuals, suffering from allergic conditions. The changes are: increased levels of T lymphocytes, T killers, T helpers, B lymphocytes, decreased levels of T suppressors and IgA. Immunologic reactivity predisposing to allergic conditions and chronic course of inflammations was found to appear in the workers engaged in protein-vitamin concentrate production.
Evaluation of prevented economic detriment from the occupational disablement can be used for estimating the economic efficiency of occupational centre activities. Decreased disability pensions as a main item of expenses must be taken into account in evaluation of prevented economic detriment due to the diminished disablement. Regional occupational pathology centre activities aimed at the early diagnosis of complications-free occupational diseases, complete clinical screening, active treatment and control of the adequate employment give a great social and economic effect.
Occupational morbidity was analysed in workers of 15 metallurgical enterprises according to the enterprise profile, worker's age, sex, length of service and occupation. The analysed data are represented in the article, the measures are recommended so as to reduce the occupational morbidity.
The incidence of diseases of the peripheral nervous system was studied during the voyage in different groups of sea sailors. The diseases due to overcooling and overexercise (cervico-thoracic and lumbosacral radiculosis) appeared to predominate. Methods of electroneurostimulation of acupuncture points and reflexogenic zones, lymphotropic therapy were used in the treatment administered on board the ship.
