Background and Aims Work–life balance (WLB) is a critical issue affecting nurses’ well‐being. While most WLB research focuses on Western contexts, Iranian nurses face unique challenges shaped by cultural expectations and systemic pressures. This review aims to explore how WLB impacts Iranian nurses’ well‐being and job satisfaction within their distinct socio‐cultural and healthcare environment. Methods This rapid review, conducted by five experienced nurse researchers from September 2024 to August 2025, followed a registered PROSPERO protocol. A comprehensive search of English and Persian literature from 2010 to 2024 was performed across major databases, with screening guided by PRISMA and quality appraisal using CASP tools. Narrative synthesis was used to analyze qualitative data, ensuring rigor through consensus and systematic data extraction. Results Six descriptive cross‐sectional studies ( n = 2159 nurses) published in Persian between 2013 and 2022 were included. Positive correlates of WLB included perceived support, emotional intelligence, and job satisfaction, while negative correlates involved burnout, night shifts, and older age. Notably, balanced investment in work and family domains did not significantly correlate with overall quality of life. Conclusion Iranian nurses face significant challenges in achieving WLB due to demanding work conditions and personal factors. While some gender differences exist, overall well‐being is impacted by workload, emotional strain, and family responsibilities. Supportive workplace measures and targeted interventions are essential.
Background Work engagement (WE) is critical for nursing quality and retention, yet nurses in East Asian healthcare systems face unique challenges due to occupational status incongruence, characterized by high educational credentials but limited professional autonomy. Social Identity Theory suggests that when professional status is constrained, organizational culture becomes crucial. Understanding how organizational culture mediates that the job esteem (JE)–WE relationship has relevance for similar healthcare settings. This study aims to examine the relationship between JE and WE among clinical nurses in South Korea and identify the mediating and moderating roles of positive nursing organizational culture (PNOC). Methods A cross‐sectional, descriptive correlational study was conducted. Data were collected from 200 clinical nurses in two South Korean university hospitals between July and August 2022. Participants completed validated scales measuring JE, PNOC, and WE. PROCESS macro Models 4 and 1 tested mediation and moderation effects, controlling for age, clinical experience, and health status. Results JE positively predicted WE (total effect: B = 1.17, 95% CI [0.93, 1.42]). This relationship was partially mediated by PNOC, with a significant indirect effect ( B = 0.27, 95% CI [0.11, 0.45]) accounting for 23% of the total effect. The direct effect remained significant ( B = 0.90, 95% CI [0.63, 1.18]). No moderating effect of organizational culture was observed. Conclusions PNOC was statistically associated with the relationship between JE and WE when professional status is structurally limited. Healthcare organizations should prioritize cultivating supportive cultures through fair recognition systems, participatory leadership, and stepwise educational programs tailored to clinical experience. These findings may have relevance for similar healthcare settings facing comparable challenges in nursing workforce retention and professional autonomy.
Introduction The shortage of nursing staff in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) nations is pronounced due to reliance on expatriates. Float‐pool practice, which entails redeploying ward nurses to other units, is a common strategy; however, its effectiveness in the GCC remains underexplored. Objectives To explore the facilitators and barriers of float‐pool practice among ward nurses across several specialties in Saudi tertiary hospitals, using the Job Demands–Resources (JD‐R) theory. Methodology A descriptive cross‐sectional online survey was conducted in three multispecialty hospitals in Saudi Arabia. A census design was used: all eligible ward nurses who had worked in their unit for at least 6 months were invited, while those in managerial and educational positions were excluded. A questionnaire developed from the literature and pretested by the research team and 12 nurses was used to collect data on demographics, floating experience, facilitators, motivators, barriers, and perceptions. Analysis involved descriptive statistics. Results A total of 294 nurses across different specialties participated. Skill acquisition (46.4%) and incentives (42.3%) were the main motivators; however, only 40.2% reported skill enhancement and 14.4% reported having autonomy of choice regarding floating. Most participants did not agree that float‐pool practice addresses nursing shortages (73.2%) or supports continuity of care (74.3%). Over half expressed concerns about patient safety (51.5%). Most participants agreed that floated nurses should have a reduced workload (65.0%) and should not be allocated tasks beyond their competencies (73.2%). Conclusion Although float‐pool practice may support organizational flexibility, its implementation is hindered by inadequate orientation, limited autonomy, and workload pressures. From a JD‐R perspective, orientation, competency‐based training, role clarity, and workload management are key resources that can offset the demands of interunit assignments. Strengthening these resources is critical to improving float‐pool practice in Saudi Arabia and the wider GCC.
Background Nurses face significant ethical challenges that are crucial for providing quality care while maintaining ethical standards. Understanding their experiences of moral outrage is vital, particularly as moral distress frequently co‐occurs in clinical practice. This study aimed to explore nurses’ lived experiences of moral outrage and its co‐occurrence with moral distress. Methods This qualitative study employed a hermeneutic phenomenological approach. Data were collected through semistructured interviews with 22 nurses from different clinical departments. Participants were selected through purposive sampling, and the data were analyzed following the hermeneutic method of Diekelmann et al., with Wilkinson’s (1987–88) framework applied as a supporting clarification tool to distinguish between moral outrage and moral distress where they co‐occurred. Findings One main theme “Bitter Experiences: In Search of Light in Darkness” and six subthemes (Bitter Sense of Helplessness, Storm at Sea, Deep Wounds, Narrow Cage, Fire in a Barren Garden, and Dark Tunnel) emerged. Nurses described profound helplessness and emotional suffering arising from systemic injustices and resource constraints. Moral distress was dominant in situations involving personal participation and constraint (e.g., understaffing), while moral outrage primarily arose from witnessing injustices and unethical behaviors. These two phenomena frequently co‐occurred and were powerfully illustrated through metaphors of a storm at sea, deep wounds, narrow cage, fire in a barren garden, and dark tunnel. Conclusion Nurses experience moral outrage intertwined with moral distress stemming from workplace pressures and systemic injustices. These phenomena may negatively affect nurses’ mental health and patient care quality. Organizational support and structural changes are essential to address both.
Background Diabetes self‐management in primary care is shaped not only by individual behavior but also by the interaction of diabetes‐related beliefs, family support, health literacy, and access to healthcare services. Understanding how patients, family caregivers, and healthcare providers interpret and respond to these interconnected factors is essential for developing culturally responsive, family inclusive, and nurse‐led diabetes care. Materials and Methods A qualitative descriptive study was conducted in three primary healthcare clinics in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Data were collected through in‐depth interviews with nine adults living with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and six family caregivers, as well as focus group discussions with six healthcare providers. Participants were recruited using purposive sampling. Interviews and discussions were conducted in Bahasa Indonesia, transcribed verbatim, translated into English, and analyzed using constant comparative methods with OpenCode 4.0 software. Reporting followed the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. Results Three interconnected themes were identified: diabetes‐related beliefs shaping self‐management, family support in diabetes self‐management, and access to responsive healthcare services. Beliefs about food, medication, symptoms, and coping influenced dietary practices, medication adherence, symptom interpretation, emotional responses, and care‐seeking. Family members supported self‐management through encouragement, reminders, food preparation, information sharing, and material assistance, although some advice reflected informal sources. Access to monitoring, medication support, education, staff responsiveness, and mobile communication helped sustain care and correct misconceptions. Conclusion Diabetes self‐management was negotiated through the interaction of beliefs, family support, and healthcare access rather than individual behavior alone. Nurse‐led, family‐inclusive, culturally tailored education is needed to address misinformation, medication concerns, symptom recognition, emotional distress, and continuity of care.
Background Family members play a crucial role in palliative care; however, their perspectives on care quality remain underexplored. This limits a comprehensive understanding of how they contribute to defining and evaluating quality of care, despite their potential to enhance support for both patients and families. Aim To synthesize qualitative evidence on family members’ experiences of palliative care and identify the elements they perceive as indicators of high‐quality care. Design A meta‐aggregation was conducted following Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and registered with PROSPERO (protocol CRD42024560664). Data Sources Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from database inception to March 2026. Results Family experiences highlight that high quality palliative care combines clinical skills and empathy, addressing physical, emotional, and spiritual needs. Welcoming, well organized environments, along with trusting relationships between patients, families, and healthcare professionals, are crucial for meaningful care and lasting emotional support. Conclusions This meta‐aggregation highlights the importance of a care model that combines clinical competence with human connection. Empathy, trust, continuity, and supportive environments are important for delivering high quality of care in person‐centered palliative care. Family perspectives are instrumental in promoting compassionate and effective care practices.
Introduction Nurse managers play a central role in shaping clinical environments, supporting staff well‐being, and coordinating patient care, yet they face substantial emotional and relational demands. Although leadership style, burnout, and conflict management behaviors have each been linked to managerial effectiveness, these domains are rarely examined together, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries. The aim of this study was to examine relationships among leadership style, burnout, and conflict management behavior among nurse managers in a large private, not‐for‐profit hospital system in Vietnam. Methods A cross‐sectional survey was conducted among 142 nurse managers across seven general hospitals of Vinmec, Vietnam’s largest not‐for‐profit healthcare system. Leadership style was measured using the MLQ‐5X, burnout with the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, and conflict management behavior with the Conflict Management Strategies Scale. Descriptive statistics and Spearman correlations assessed associations among the three domains. Results Transformational and transactional leadership were positively associated with collaborative conflict management strategies, particularly problem‐solving and compromising. Burnout levels were moderate and showed a small positive association with laissez‐faire leadership. No stable associations between burnout and conflict management strategies were identified after correction. Laissez‐faire leadership displayed a distinct conflict management pattern, characterized by lower problem‐solving scores and higher forcing scores. Conclusions Leadership styles showed several associations with conflict management behaviors, whereas relationships involving burnout were more limited. By providing integrated evidence from a low‐ and middle‐income country, this study expands a literature largely based in high‐income countries and contributes to a broader understanding of how leadership styles, burnout, and conflict management behaviors coexist among nurse managers. The findings may inform future research exploring these relationships and help guide further investigation into leadership development, managerial burnout, and conflict management practices in clinical settings.
Objective This systematic review synthesized evidence on the implementation of electronic health records (EHRs), use of standardized nursing terminologies (e.g., ICNP and Omaha System), and emerging roles of artificial intelligence (AI) in nursing documentation. Methods Following PRISMA 2020, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL were searched on 11 September 2025. The 2021–2025 range was selected to capture post‐COVID‐19 acceleration in digital transformation and AI adoption in nursing documentation. English‐language studies (2021–2025) were screened by two reviewers and appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Owing to methodological heterogeneity, data were synthesized narratively. Results Of 215 records, eight studies met the inclusion criteria: two cross‐sectional, two quasiexperimental, one mixed‐methods, two qualitative, and one participatory action research. Facilitators of EHR use included staff training, organizational support, and system usability; barriers involved limited infrastructure, technostress, and poor patient engagement. AI‐assisted documentation systems showed potential to improve documentation efficiency and accuracy; however, empirical evidence within the included studies was limited and remains preliminary. Conclusions Integrating EHRs with standardized nursing terminologies can enhance documentation quality, interoperability, and workflow efficiency. Sustainable adoption requires professional education, institutional support, and ethical oversight of AI. Future longitudinal studies should assess long‐term outcomes and scalability across settings. These findings provide evidence‐based guidance for nursing practice and policy across diverse healthcare settings.
BackgroundThe transition from education to professional practice represents a critical period in nurses' early careers and is often accompanied by challenges related to professional adjustment, confidence, and job satisfaction. Occupational self-efficacy and perceptions of the first workplace may play an important role in shaping early work experiences; however, their interrelationships remain insufficiently explored. Aim To explore the relationships between occupational self-efficacy, job satisfaction, and perceived factors influencing the choice of the first workplace among early-career nurses and to explore the potential mediating role of selected first-job choice factors in the association between occupational self-efficacy and job satisfaction. Methods A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted among 150 registered nurses with up to three years of professional experience in Poland. Participants were recruited using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected in 2024 using an online questionnaire including the Job Satisfaction Survey, the Short Version of the Occupational Self-Efficacy Scale, and author-designed items assessing perceived factors influencing the choice of the first workplace. The study was conducted in accordance with STROBE guidelines. Descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and exploratory mediation analyses using bootstrapping procedures were performed to examine potential indirect associations. Results Occupational self-efficacy was positively associated with overall job satisfaction and several satisfaction domains, with the strongest association observed for the nature of work (r = 0.45, p < 0.001). Higher self-efficacy was also associated with greater importance attributed to organizational characteristics and alignment of the workplace with personal interests and career development plans (rho = 0.18 and p = 0.025), while convenient commuting options were perceived as less important (rho = -0.22 and p = 0.008). Exploratory mediation analyses identified statistically significant indirect effects. Organization of work, alignment with personal interests, alignment with career development plans, and commuting convenience were identified as mediators of the association between occupational self-efficacy and job satisfaction. Most models indicated partial mediation, with occasional full mediation and suppression effects observed. Conclusions The findings highlight the role of occupational self-efficacy and perceived fit with the first workplace in shaping job satisfaction among early-career nurses during the transition to practice. Supporting professional confidence, reflective career decision-making, and well-organized work environments may contribute to more positive early professional experiences.
Background Social isolation is a state of disconnection from social relationships and networks. Clarifying social isolation in family caregivers is important to develop interventions. Purpose This analysis aimed to define the concept of social isolation in family caregivers and to determine its conceptual attributes, antecedents, and consequences. Methods A concept analysis using Walker and Avant’s (2019) method was undertaken. Databases including PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PsycINFO were systematically searched from 1979 to 2025. A total of 53 studies published in English were included. Results Five attributes of social isolation were identified as lack of social contact; reduced social engagement; limited social support; deficiency in stable and fulfilling relationships; and loneliness. The antecedents included caregiving responsibility and obligation; health conditions and dependency of the care recipient; compromised physical and psychological health of caregivers; and contextual constraints on caregiving. The consequences included increased caregiving burden, increased physical and psychological distress, decreased life satisfaction, and decreased capability to provide care. Conclusion A conceptual model of social isolation in family caregivers was developed. The attributes, antecedents, and consequences of social isolation in family caregivers identified in this study contribute to a better understanding and provide a theoretical basis for future assessment tools and interventions for social isolation among family caregivers.
Purpose This study aimed to determine the social status and professional status of nurses from the perspective of clients attending health centers after the pandemic. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 300 clients visiting health centers in 2024 who met the inclusion criteria were recruited using quota and convenience sampling. Data were collected using valid and reliable questionnaires on the social and professional status of nurses. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS26, employing descriptive and inferential tests. Findings The mean score for nurses' social status from the clients' perspective was 29.69 +/- 6.80, and for professional status, it was 48.88 +/- 6.30. A significant inverse linear relationship was found between social and professional status (r = -0.46, p < 0.001). Furthermore, significant relationships were observed between social status scores and marital status, education level, and occupation, as well as between professional status scores and education level (p < 0.05). Conclusions The social and professional status of nurses from clients' perspective was only moderate in the post-COVID era, lower than expected. To correct this, nursing associations must launch public awareness campaigns, nursing curricula should integrate media literacy training, and media alongside policymakers need to portray nurses as evidence-based decision-makers. These three actions are essential for elevating nurses' standing and sustaining their care motivation.
Background Interprofessional education (IPE) is essential in preparing nursing students for collaborative practice in modern healthcare systems. Understanding students' readiness for interprofessional learning is critical for effective curriculum development. Method A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 335 nursing students using purposive sampling. Data were collected using the Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale (IEPS) and the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS). Latent profile analysis (LPA) was employed to identify subgroups of students based on readiness. Differences in perception across profiles were examined using the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post hoc comparisons. Results Three latent profiles of readiness were identified: low (11%), moderate (51%), and high (38%) readiness. Significant but nonlinear differences in perception toward IPE were observed across profiles (p < 0.001), with the moderate-readiness profile demonstrating higher perception scores than both the low- and high-readiness profiles. Post hoc analysis revealed that the moderate readiness group differed significantly from both the low and high readiness groups, while the two extreme groups showed comparable perception scores. Conclusion Nursing students demonstrate heterogeneous readiness for interprofessional learning, with distinct profiles that vary in perceptions of collaborative practice.
Background Trauma is commonly defined as a sudden injury to human tissues or organs resulting from violence or accidents, with potential outcomes including death or long‐term disability. Among adults, traumatic injuries represent a major public health concern, frequently leading to persistent physical, psychological, and social impairments that substantially affect the quality of life (QoL) and impose a significant socioeconomic burden. Objective To identify and synthesize the determinants and interventions associated with QoL in adults with trauma. Methods This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. The literature search was carried out across multiple electronic databases, including CINAHL Plus with Full Text, MEDLINE Ultimate, MedicLatina, Scopus, and Web of Science. The search strategy employed combinations of keywords derived from the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) thesaurus. Results Of the 25 included studies, most demonstrated that structured and multidimensional interventions had a significant positive impact on the QoL of individuals with trauma. The most effective interventions included psychological approaches (such as psychotherapeutic support and self‐efficacy‐focused interventions), rehabilitative interventions (physical rehabilitation programs, functional training, and therapeutic exercise), educational strategies directed at patients and caregivers, and coordinated and integrated care models, including transitional care and postdischarge follow‐up. The main determinants associated with QoL were the level of social support, the presence of chronic pain and depressive symptoms, physical functioning, independence in activities of daily living, and recovery time, which differentially influenced the physical, psychological, and social domains of QoL. Conclusion The findings highlight that post‐trauma QoL is a multidimensional construct shaped by a range of personal and contextual factors. Person‐centered interventions tailored to individual needs showed a positive impact and are essential for effective rehabilitation and adaptation following trauma. The study underscores the need for greater investment in longitudinal research and the practical implementation of integrated care strategies focused on holistic well‐being.
IntroductionNurses play a crucial role in promoting health and well-being by advocating for, developing, and implementing policies that impact population health at both global and local scales. Achieving sustainable improvements in healthcare requires nurses to possess both professional competence and knowledge of quality improvement methodologies. Quality improvement education, coupled with hands-on proposals, is invaluable for nursing students as it enables them to rhetorically describe evaluation ideas and utilize their experiences as learning tools. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore how nursing students conceptualized perceived educational needs and how these needs were articulated in hypothetical written curriculum proposals produced within a course-based pedagogical writing assignment.Materials and methodsA qualitative design was employed to explore the student-authored curriculum proposals developed within an educational proposal assignment. The study included six nursing student-authored curriculum proposals. A document analysis inspired by Bowen was conducted.ResultsThe analysis revealed four key themes: constructing educational needs through student experience; articulating curriculum proposals using academic conventions; using evaluation-oriented language to establish credibility; making curriculum proposals institutionally legible. The student-authored curriculum proposals developed within an educational proposal assignment offered a diverse array of suggestions for enhancing the nursing education program. Proposed new courses covered topics such as leadership, disaster management, sexuality and sexual health, and knowledge regarding different skin colours.ConclusionsEngaging in student-authored curriculum proposals developed within an educational proposal assignment during undergraduate nursing education may support the development of discursive and conceptual competencies relevant to engaging with improvement-related language in professional contexts. While patient outcomes were not examined, the findings suggest that such proposals may contribute to students' preparedness to interpret, critique, and communicate improvement- and evaluation-oriented proposals in institutional settings in their professional roles.
IntroductionPediatric palliative care (PPC) is a multidisciplinary approach aimed at enhancing the quality of life of children with serious/terminal illnesses, also providing support to their families. PPC is provided in both primary and secondary care settings, and digital health (DH) tools such as telemedicine platforms and mobile application can help connect the different settings, health professionals, and caregivers and ensure patient centeredness. This study aims to explore the perceived benefits and challenges of DH among PPC professionals and to gather suggestions and recommendations for future integrations of digital tools into healthcare practice.MethodsA Focus Group (FG) based on a semistructured interview was conducted with the participation of 12 PPC specialists (physicians, nurses, psychologists and physiotherapists) and 1 moderator. Data analysis was conducted using NVivo software.ResultsSix major themes emerged from the FG about DH: opportunities for the future; privacy issue; nonreplaceability of the in-person visit/consultation; ethics and deontology; health literacy; and applications.DiscussionDH and all its tools represent an opportunity to implement innovative strategies in PPC. It can improve accessibility to PPC and continuity of care and reduce the number and length of hospitalizations. Data security and equitable access to technology are crucial in developing digital solutions, and universal precautions should be identified by healthcare organizations to improve accessibility for all who can benefit from DH. People's trust in digital technologies should be strengthened, and new health professions' education programs should be reviewed to allow healthcare professionals and caregivers to improve DH competences. Parents of children with life-limiting diseases should be involved in the creation of new applications to identify the issues they would like to see addressed. Overall, a patient/family-centered approach to DH should be adopted, where technology is used to improve, rather than replace, the human elements of care.Patient and Public ContributionPatient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) was not appropriate in our work, as it was based on a FG carried out with the participation of PPC specialists to explore the perceptions and perspectives of healthcare providers regarding the use of DH in PPC.
Background In response to the growing healthcare needs of the population and with the aim of optimizing the services dedicated to them, several studies have focused on evaluating nursing practice such as activities, roles, and competencies in various settings. However, despite the available data on nursing practice and its effects, ambiguity in the literature regarding the concepts used to describe practice remains. It limits comparisons between studies and contributes to a shared misunderstanding of nursing practice. Purpose To develop a clear and comprehensive operational definition of the concept of Actual Scope of Practice in the field of nursing science. Method The Walker and Avant (2019)’s concept analysis method was used to unpack the concept Actual Scope of Practice . The literature search was conducted in the databases CINAHL Plus with Full Text, MEDLINE with Full Text (EBSCO), PubMed, Scopus, and the Health Care Administration Database, as well as in gray literature (Google), without time restrictions. 22 articles were included. Article selection and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers. Data were analyzed using content analysis and thematic analysis. Results The attributes—“nurse’s legal scope of practice for which they were trained,” “operationalization of knowledge and competencies,” and “determinants of enactment”—were identified as elements consistently observed whenever the concept appeared. The initial nursing education and ongoing professional development, the current legal and regulatory standards governing nursing practice, the population needs that nurses must address, and the internal and external resources available to the nurse precede the concept of the Actual Scope of Practice but are necessary for it. Finally, the Actual Scope of Practice leads to multiple consequences, including impacts on patient outcomes, on nurses themselves, and on organizational outcomes. The results of our concept analysis could support the development of measurement tools by improving the construct validity of the concept, ultimately contributing to the continuous improvement of nursing practice. Conclusion This review provides important clarifications of the concept of Actual Scope of Practice for nurses, managers, researchers, and other stakeholders. By clearly defining this concept, the study contributes to the standardization and measurement of nursing practice across diverse care settings. These findings may inform the development of assessment tools to evaluate nursing practice and support more effective workforce planning and management.
BackgroundCataract surgery is one of the most common and successful medical procedures performed worldwide, but surgery in diabetic patients may be associated with surgical challenges and increased risk of complications. Nevertheless, the Model of Living Activities is recognized as an effective model for the care of surgical patients, highlighting a significant gap in postoperative recovery.AimThis research aimed to evaluate the influence of living model activities on recovery outcomes among patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery.Design and MethodologyA quasiexperimental research design (two-group, pre-post-test). The research was conducted at the ophthalmology department of Menoufia University Hospital and El Ramad Hospital in Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. A purposive sample of 50 patients from each group attended the previously mentioned setting during data collection. Two tools were used for data collection: a structured interview questionnaire on personal data, health history, and postoperative complications, and the Activities of Daily Living scale.ResultsThe results showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the activity living model. The study group experienced fewer postoperative complications, with rates of 8% for ocular inflammation and 7% for hyphema. In contrast, the control group had a much higher incidence of complications, with rates of 26% for ocular inflammation and 16% for hyphema.ConclusionThe study shows that incorporating the living model activities into discharge teaching for cataract patients, supported by follow-up using a structured checklist, is an effective strategy. This approach can be used to provide postoperative education for day-surgery patients and to evaluate their readiness to resume normal daily activities.
Background Work-life balance is a fundamental aspect of overall health and well-being. However, nurse leaders at a specific provincial hospital in South Africa struggle to achieve this balance due to their strenuous work schedules, limited resources, and deteriorating infrastructure. These nurse leaders strain themselves to counteract the challenges of an under-resourced and overcrowded healthcare system. Methodology The study employed a qualitative approach, specifically utilizing a descriptive, phenomenological, and contextual method. Fourteen nurse leaders working in the operating theaters of a provincial hospital in KwaZulu-Natal were purposively selected for participation. Through in-depth individual interviews, these nurse leaders shared their personal experiences of barriers to effective work-life balance practices in the context of their work environments. Data were collected until saturation was achieved. The recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and subsequently analyzed using Giorgi's descriptive phenomenological data analysis method. Rigor and trustworthiness were ensured by adhering to Lincoln and Guba's guidelines throughout the study. Results Three themes emanated from the study's findings: Theme 1: A shortage of specialized theater nurses and strenuous work schedules; Theme 2: A lack of rest and unhealthy eating patterns; and Theme 3: Distrust of the internal employee assistance program. Recommendations Barriers to nurse leaders' effective work-life balance are often overlooked. Thus, healthcare organizations should implement flexible working arrangements, prioritize mental health resources, promote professional development, foster open communication, optimize staffing models, and advocate for supportive work-life balance policies. Furthermore, nursing education must integrate work-life balance strategies into the curriculum, equipping nurse leaders with the skills to manage their personal and professional responsibilities effectively.
Background Burnout is prominent in the nursing workforce and has damaging effects on nurses’ well‐being, patient outcomes, and turnover rates. New graduate nurses (NGNs), also referred to as newly licensed or novice nurses, are particularly susceptible to burnout due to factors such as high stress during the transition to practice and limited mentorship. Though the concept of burnout has been previously explored, there is limited conceptualization of burnout in the context of early‐career nurses. Therefore, a concept analysis exploring burnout in NGNs is essential to bring a clarified understanding and inform future research and policy development. Purpose The purpose of this concept analysis is to explore the concept of burnout in the context of NGNs. Method Walker and Avant’s method of concept analysis was used to analyze the concept of burnout in the context of NGNs. A literature review was conducted across Scopus, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and PubMed using keywords such as “burnout,” “new graduate nurse,” and “novice nurse,” adapted for each database. Results were limited to English‐language, peer‐reviewed sources published between 1974 and 2025 that specifically discussed burnout in NGNs. Of the 6639 results, 41 studies were included. The collected data were analyzed to identify the defining attributes, cases, antecedents, consequences, and a final definition of the concept. Results Five attributes of burnout in NGNs were identified, including (1) chronic high stress levels; (2) emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion; (3) cynicism toward work; (4) impaired job performance; and (5) low personal accomplishment. Key antecedents include (1) fear of inadequacy; (2) alienation; (3) transition shock; and (4) lack of structural empowerment. Lastly, consequences identified were (1) decreased quality of patient care; (2) prolonged mental health disorders; (3) absenteeism from work; and (4) increased intent to leave the profession. Conclusion This clarified definition of burnout in NGNs can inform the development of targeted interventions and policies aimed at reducing burnout among entry‐level nurses, such as establishing increased support through mentorship, orientation programs, and peer support groups.
BackgroundEffective assessment of clinical skills during undergraduate training is essential to ensure safe and competent nursing care. This underscores the importance of utilizing appropriate assessment methods during clinical teaching. Peer assessment has emerged as a complementary assessment approach that promotes cooperative learning, reflection, and student engagement. However, evidence comparing peer and instructor assessments in evaluating students' clinical performance, as well as undergraduate nursing students' perceptions regarding peer assessment, remains limited and is not well established.AimThis pilot study compared the ratings of peer assessment with instructor assessment on the clinical performance of undergraduate nursing students and their perception toward peer assessment as an alternative method for clinical skills evaluation.MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive design was used to conduct this study in the Nursing Laboratory and Simulation Unit at College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman. A consecutive sampling technique was used to select students enrolled in the Transition to Professional Nursing Practice course during the Fall 2024 semester. Both peers and instructors evaluated students' skills performance during the tracheal suctioning procedure using a standardized skills checklist and later assessed students' perceptions of peer assessment using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical methods.ResultsThe findings showed high adherence to most essential and technical steps of the tracheal suctioning procedure during both peer and instructor assessments, indicating strong procedural competency. However, instructors rated complex, judgment-based steps more strictly than peers. In terms of perception, 97% of students reported positive perception toward peer assessment, with a mean perception score of 35.18 (SD = 5.12), with most students perceiving peer assessment as promoting learning, interaction, and critical thinking.ConclusionPeer assessment was found to be feasible and comparable to instructor assessment for many components of clinical skills evaluation when guided by structured criteria. Instructors rated complex, judgment-based steps more strictly, highlighting the continued importance of expert feedback. Students reported positive perceptions toward peer assessment, particularly for promoting engagement and reflection. Therefore, peer assessment may thus complement instructor assessment in undergraduate nursing education.
