We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the association between periodontal disease and the risk of kidney cancer. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched to identify studies investigating the association between periodontal disease and kidney cancer up to Jun. 30, 2025. Statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 18.0. A total of 6 cohort studies involving 4,840,824 participants were finally included. The meta-analysis showed that periodontal disease was associated with a 1.1-fold increase in the risk of kidney cancer, but this association was not statistically significant (HR = 1.10, 95
The spectrum of kidney disease in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) has shifted in the antiretroviral therapy (ART) era. Although the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated nephropathy has declined, the pathological spectrum may vary by race and region. However, biopsy-based data from Japan remain scarce. Therefore, we aimed to characterize biopsy-proven kidney disease in PLWH in Japan. We retrospectively studied PLWH undergoing native kidney biopsy at a Japanese center between 2010 and 2024. Kidney biopsy diagnoses were reviewed. Vascular lesions were graded using the Banff chronic vascular score and alternative arteriolar hyalinosis (AAH) score. Factors associated with a higher AAH score were examined using ordinal logistic regression. The primary multivariable model included ART duration, age, and hypertension. Data from 30 patients were analyzed. The median age was 49 years; 90
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease worldwide. Despite shared clinical risk factors, substantial inter-individual variability exists in DKD susceptibility and progression, suggesting an important contribution of molecular mechanisms beyond traditional clinical predictors. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technologies offer an unbiased approach to characterising transcriptomic alterations associated with DKD; however, findings remain fragmented across tissues, RNA classes, and analytical platforms. To date, no systematic review has comprehensively synthesised RNA-seq evidence with respect to the identification of DKD risk factors. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. PubMed, Embase All, and Web of Science Core Collection entries from 2006 to April 2025 were searched for RNA-seq studies comparing transcriptomic profiles between diabetic individuals with and without DKD, or across defined DKD progression phenotypes with a further top-up search undertaken from April 2025 to May 2026. Eligible studies employed bulk, single-cell, long-read, or small RNA sequencing in human-derived tissues or biofluids (e.g. plasma, serum, urine). Data related to study design, tissue source, RNA species, sequencing methodology, differential expression findings, and pathway analyses were extracted. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and an RNA-seq-specific reporting checklist. Twenty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing kidney biopsy tissue, blood-derived samples, urinary extracellular vesicles, urine sediment, and patient-derived fibroblasts. Studies analysed diverse RNA classes, including messenger RNAs (mRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), and other small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs), using bulk, single-cell, and long-read RNA-seq approaches. While individual gene or RNA level overlap was limited, consistent convergence was observed among biological processes. Recurrent implicated themes included inflammatory and immune signalling, fibrosis and extracellular matrix remodelling, mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction, altered intercellular communication, and cellular stress and repair pathways. Single-cell and spatial transcriptomic studies revealed cell-type–specific injury and fibrotic programmes not discernible in bulk analyses. Substantial heterogeneity in DKD definitions, tissue source, RNA class, comparison groups, sequencing platforms, and analytical pipelines limited cross-study integration necessitating a qualitative evaluation of key findings. RNA sequencing studies have revealed widespread transcriptomic dysregulation in DKD across multiple tissues and RNA classes, with convergence on key biological processes underlying disease progression. Although methodological heterogeneity and limited validation constrain interpretation of individual transcriptomic markers, integrative use of bulk, single-cell, and long-read RNA-seq offers complementary insights into DKD pathogenesis. Improved standardisation, longitudinal designs, and multi-tissue integration will enable advanced transcriptomic discovery and translation for improved understanding of diabetic kidney disease mechanisms.
Locomotor disorders are common with ageing, particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and are associated with numerous complications in the context of kidney transplantation (KT). Numerous tools and locomotor tests are available to assess these disorders. This study aimed to assess whether the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) could be used as a screening tool to identify older patients with CKD undergoing pre-KT assessment who require a comprehensive physiotherapy assessment. This retrospective observational study included patients aged 65 years or older with end-stage CKD who were referred for pre-KT assessment. An abnormal locomotor assessment was defined as the presence of an impairment in at least one of the following tests: Timed Up and Go test; Tinetti test; 6-minute walk test; and single-leg stance test. The ability of the SPPB and its sub-scores to identify an abnormal comprehensive locomotor assessment was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the curve (AUC), with 95
