Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved the survival of patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (RM-SCCHN), thus potentially enhancing the efficacy of subsequent salvage-line chemotherapy (SLC). However, ICIs can cause immune-related adverse events such as pneumonitis. Because SLC often includes potentially pneumotoxic agents, the risk of pneumonitis following ICI treatment is a clinical concern. Therefore, this study aimed to identify clinical risk factors for pneumonitis during SLC. This retrospective analysis included 244 patients from a previously published cohort (N = 480) who underwent SLC after platinum-based chemotherapy and nivolumab failure. Baseline characteristics and SLC regimens of patients with and without pneumonitis development were compared. Candidate risk factors included age 65 years or older, smoking history, prior cetuximab exposure, SLC regimen, renal dysfunction, baseline lung disease, and nivolumab-induced pneumonitis history. Pneumonitis occurred in 12 (4.9
Eating speed has been linked to higher body mass index and unfavorable metabolic profiles, but its association with incident breast cancer has not been well characterized. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using linked health check-up records and medical claims from 19 municipalities in the Longevity Improvement and Fair Evidence Study. Women aged ≥ 40 years who attended government-subsidized health check-ups (April 2016–March 2021) and answered an eating speed question were included. Eating speed was self-reported as faster, normal, or slower. Incident invasive breast cancer was identified using a validated claims-based algorithm. Cause-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95
The FIGO 2023 classification introduced stage IA3 for synchronous low-grade endometrioid carcinoma of the uterus and ovary fulfilling four criteria; disease otherwise confined to these organs that fails any of them becomes stage IIIA1. How often the criteria are met, and how each relates to outcome, is unknown. We retrospectively studied 48 patients with concurrent endometrioid endometrial carcinoma and an ovarian tumour of borderline malignancy or higher. Pathology reports were re-abstracted for each criterion. The primary analysis was restricted to the 42 with an ovarian carcinoma, and each criterion was examined before and after restriction to low-grade histology. Six of the 42 (14.3
Although androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI)-based doublet therapy is widely used for low-volume metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), clinical outcomes remain heterogeneous. We investigated prognostic factors in patients with low-volume de novo mHSPC treated with upfront ARPI-based doublet therapy. We retrospectively analyzed 289 patients with low-volume de novo mHSPC treated with upfront ARPI-based doublet therapy between 2018 and 2026. The primary endpoint was progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were secondary endpoints. An exploratory analysis compared achievement of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ≤ 0.2 ng/mL between doublet and triplet therapy. During a median follow-up of 24.6 months, 61 patients developed CRPC, 15 died from prostate cancer, and 26 died from any cause. Primary Gleason pattern 5 (GP5) was associated with CRPC progression in univariable analysis but not in multivariable analysis. Primary GP5 was independently associated with inferior CSS (hazard ratio [HR] 9.09, 95
