This article examines the governance of sex work in Greece by analysing regulationism in conjunction with administrative, penal, and migration controls. It situates this configuration within broader debates on punitive governance and justice, asking how legalisation operates in practice and how it shapes legal status and conditions of legality for sex workers, particularly migrants. The study adopts a qualitative socio-legal approach, combining analysis of legislative frameworks with an examination of fifteen administrative court decisions issued between 2002 and 2024. It analyses how sex-work-related infractions are interpreted as indicators of ‘dangerousness’, particularly in the case of migrant sex workers, and how legal provisions operate in practice, identifying recurring patterns in the articulation of administrative, penal, and migration measures. The findings demonstrate that the Greek regulationist model produces a continuum of illegalisation and criminalisation. Although sex work is formally permitted, the conditions for lawful practice are structurally restrictive, rendering legal status inaccessible for the majority of workers. Administrative and judicial practices further translate sex-work-related violations into indicators of migratory ‘dangerousness’, enabling detention, deportation, and the refusal of residence permits independently of serious criminal conviction. Recent penal reforms increase the likelihood of custodial sentencing for misdemeanours, intensifying the material consequences of regulatory non-compliance. The article argues that regulationism extends punitive governance by rendering lawful practice practically unattainable, thereby producing widespread illegality that is governed through administrative, migration, and penal sanctions. Legalisation does not displace criminalisation but reorganises it; sex-work-related infractions are translated into grounds for intervention across legal domains, with administrative and migration measures functioning as dispersed forms of penalisation beyond the criminal law. The findings raise critical questions about the capacity of legalisation to deliver meaningful improvements in the conditions of sex workers. They suggest that reforms focused solely on formal legal status are insufficient where illegality and exclusion are structurally produced. Policy approaches must address the ways in which labour regulation, migration control, and penal enforcement interact to generate and manage illegality, rather than treating these domains as separate fields of intervention.
Preventive vaginal stenosis counselling is an important component of sexual health and supportive care for women receiving pelvic radiotherapy and/or brachytherapy for gynaecological cancers. However, its delivery remains non-standardized, and little is known about how preventive recommendations are implemented in routine practice. This study examined counselling timing and content, professional training, and information sources within a national radiotherapy system. A national cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2021 among healthcare professionals involved in patient education across all nine radiotherapy centers, representing the complete national network of radiotherapy services. A structured questionnaire assessed counselling practices, professional training, information sources, and perceived sufficiency of time and preparation. Of 38 eligible professionals, 20 participated (52.6
Sexual minority university students face an elevated risk of academic attrition, yet the mechanisms linking sexual orientation to dropout intention remain underexplored, particularly in European higher education contexts. Drawing on minority stress theory, this cross-sectional study examined whether academic engagement statistically mediated the association between sexual minority status and dropout intention, and whether this mediational pattern differed by gender. Participants were 4,345 students from five Italian universities (Mage = 24.47, SD = 7.25), of which 9.37
Evidence on how issues related to LGBTQI+ are prioritized in national policy processes is limited despite increasing global attention to LGBTQI+ rights. This study explores the factors influencing the development of LGBTQI+ related policies in Nepal, the perceived policy gaps, and challenges in implementation. Using Kingdon’s Policy Streams Approach, the research undertook a comprehensive review of national and global documents published between 1854 and 2023 supplemented by key informant interviews (KIIs). Document and interview data were coded thematically and mapped onto the problem, policy, and politics streams to examine how their convergence created policy windows. The findings indicate that HIV epidemic, persistent advocacy by LGBTQI+ activists and supportive I/NGOs, and LGBTQI+ representation in political spaces contributed to placing these issues on Nepal’s policy agenda. However, significant implementation gaps remain, partly due to societal stigma, lack of institutional accountability, and limited political will. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in Nepal to document the agenda setting process for LGBTQI+ inclusion in national policies. The study underscores the need for continued advocacy, institutional reform, and inclusive representation to ensure that the rights of LGBTQI+ community are not only recognized but also effectively implemented. Policymakers should strengthen enforcement and institutional accountability, allocate adequate resources for inclusive services, address stigma and discrimination, improve implementation monitoring, and ensure meaningful LGBTQI+ participation in policy development and decision-making. This is one of the first studies in Nepal to analyze LGBTQI+ policy agenda setting using Kingdon’s Policy Streams Approach. LGBTQI+ have always existed but were rendered invisible and subjected to systemic oppression in Nepal. HIV epidemic, persistent advocacy by LGBTQI+ activist and I/NGOs, and increased representation in parliament created opportunities for policy inclusion. Despite policy recognition, implementation remains limited due to stigma, institutional weaknesses, and lack of sustained political will.
Transgender (trans) and gender diverse (TGD) people are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including those other than Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), driven in part by anti-trans stigma and intersecting systems of oppression that disrupt access to sexual healthcare. This study aimed to highlight the intersectional barriers TGD adults encounter when accessing sexual healthcare. In 2022, 10 semi-structured focus groups were conducted with a sample of thirty-six TGD adults, including nonbinary individuals (n = 26, 72.0
