Introduction: Sleep disturbances are common and have significant consequences for physical and mental health. Reliable and culturally adapted instruments are essential for assessing sleep disorders across populations. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Sleep-50 questionnaire among Iranian adults. Methods: This methodological validation study was conducted among adults in Kermanshah, Iran. Participants included individuals with sleep disorders recruited from a sleep clinic and individuals from the general population selected through cluster sampling. The Sleep-50 questionnaire was translated using a forward–backward translation procedure and culturally adapted. Participants completed the Sleep-50 along with the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the Holland Sleep Disorders Questionnaire (HSDQ), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Construct validity was evaluated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and reliability was assessed using internal consistency and test–retest methods. Results: A total of 421 participants completed the questionnaires. Factor analysis supported the nine-factor structure of the Sleep-50 questionnaire, explaining 67.49% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated acceptable model fit (χ² = 4062.28, df = 1439, χ²/df = 2.82, CFI = 0.94, NNFI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.078, SRMR = 0.045). Significant positive correlations were observed between the Sleep-50 and the PSQI, HSDQ, and GHQ-12, supporting convergent validity. The overall Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.945, and test–retest reliability over a two-week interval was 0.748. Conclusion: The Persian version of the Sleep-50 questionnaire demonstrates satisfactory validity and reliability for assessing sleep disorders among Iranian adults and can serve as a practical tool for both clinical screening and research applications.
Background: Sleep health is a multidimensional concept that plays a critical role in both physical and mental well-being. While there is evidence to suggest that sleep health may be linked to long-term trauma associated with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), most prior studies have focused on only one or two aspects of sleep health. Methods: We analyzed data from the Cape Cod Health Study to examine the relationship between the number of ACEs and twelve specific types of ACEs on a broad range of poor sleep health in adulthood. These included self-reported diagnoses of sleep apnea or other sleep disorders, short sleep duration, difficulty falling or staying asleep, feeling unrefreshed in the morning, trouble staying awake during the day, breathing pauses during sleep, and loud snoring. Results: Any ACE history was associated with an increased risk of numerous measures of poor sleep health, including sleep apnea or other sleep disorders, difficulty falling or staying asleep, trouble staying awake, and feeling poorly rested. Individuals with any ACE had a 1.72-fold increased risk of exhibiting three or more poor sleep quality measures (95% CI: 1.22-2.44), while those with four or more ACEs had a higher 2.30-fold increased risk of three or more poor sleep health measures (95% CI: 1.42-3.71). The risk of sleep apnea or other sleep disorders was increased among individuals with a history of peer isolation and rejection (Risk Ratio (RR): 3.92, 95% CI: 2.11-7.30), peer victimization (RR: 3.15, 95% CI: 1.54-6.44), and mental illness in a household member (RR: 2.92, 95% CI: 1.63-5.25). Notable associations with other measures of poor sleep included having an incarcerated household member, peer victimization and isolation, living in a "dangerous" community, and experiencing physical or sexual abuse. Conclusions: These findings underscore the importance of screening and implementing early interventions to prevent adverse childhood experiences. Identifying individuals at high risk can facilitate trauma-informed care, potentially reducing poor sleep health and its associated health issues during adulthood.
In 2015 the existence of a 'Glymphatic' system in the brain was proposed and further confirmed by subsequent studies. This system is supposed to drain brain waste metabolites particularly during sleep, when it has been shown to increase its activity by about 90%. This system may slow its activity with advancing years; furthermore, in patients with sleep disturbance or Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) it could be significantly reduced.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by frequent episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep. The lingual tonsil, when hypertrophic, can contribute to airway obstruction. The purpose of this study was to establish the utility and safety of the carbon dioxide (CO2) laser for tonsillar reduction in the management of OSA.
We present a case of a patient with post traumatic stress disorder related nightmares with REM predominant obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) who was treated with nasal expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP) device. EPAP therapy was successful in reducing his nightmares associated with dream enactment. This case illustrates EPAP therapy may be an effective alternative therapy for nightmares in certain individuals with REM predominate sleep apnea.
Patients with a body mass index greater than 30 and those who did not have a postoperative evaluation at 6 months using polysomnography or a questionnaire to assess snoring improvement were not included. The following data were prospectively collected: Age, sex, results of rhinofibrolaryngoscopy (RNF) with Müller maneuver in sitting position (March 2017 to October 2018) or sleep endoscopy (SE), along with the results of the nocturnal polysomnography.
Citation: Condon K (2023) The Need to Establish an Evidence-Based Limit Value for Serum Ferritin in the Use of Intravenous Iron for Restless Legs Syndrome. J Sleep Disord Manag 8:039. doi. org/10.23937/2572-4053.1510039 Accepted: February 21, 2023: Published: February 23, 2023 Copyright: © 2023 Condon K. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Journal of Sleep Disorders and Management
Objectives: First-in-human evaluation of a novel magnetic apnea prevention (Magnap) device for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatment was disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic which negatively impacted the ability to track patient outcomes with in-lab polysomnograms (PSG).The objective of this study is to report the modifications undertaken in response to COVID-19 and to discuss the feasibility of home sleep apnea testing (HSAT) to monitor novel OSA therapies. Methods: HSAT was used as an adjunct for in-lab PSG in an ongoing Phase I clinical trial of the Magnap device conducted from July 2016 to July 2022.Study participants included patients aged 21-70 years with moderate-to-severe OSA and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) intolerance.Participants received the internal magnetic implant and instruction on use of the paired external magnetic brace during sleep periods.Pre-COVID-19, participants underwent four in-lab PSGs post-implantation.Post-COVID-19, social distancing modifications adopted HSATs in lieu of in-lab PSGs.Results: Seven patients (mean BMI 27.6 ± 2.5 kg/m2; mean apnea-hypopnea index, AHI 33.4 ± 17.4 per hour) completed the full study period and five successfully adopted HSAT to complete the study.HSAT introduction led to an increase in the mean number of sleep studies per participant from 3.2 to 33.There were no serious adverse events in this study. Conclusions:The results of this interim report suggest that HSAT can be safely used as a remote adjunct for sleep-related outcome monitoring of novel OSA therapies which has important implications in the monitoring of novel and existing OSA therapies.
The effect on sleep in elementary school-age, healthy children during the pandemic has been studied in various online survey studies with varied conclusions. However, no research study has been conducted in North Macedonia to examine the impact of the pandemic on the prevalence of sleep problems among elementary school-age children. Therefore, the present study is focused on exploring sleep patterns, sleep disturbances, and other associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in elementary school children. Approximately 85 respondents were surveyed from a public elementary school in North Macedonia. The Children Sleep Habits Questionnaire was used to assess children's sleep habits. From the research, we were able to conclude that children aged 7-8, are more prone to experiencing few sleep subscales that relate to common sleep problems such as bedtime resistance, sleep anxiety, night waking, and parasomnia while children at aged 10-11 would perform more sleep onset delays than younger ones. Keywords: children's mental health, sleep patterns, sleep health, sleep disruptions, COVID-19.
This retrospective study included 68 OSAS patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who were followed up at Cardiology and Neurology Outpatient Clinic in our hospital between January 2019 and October 2020. Patients with previously diagnosed OSAS were separated into 2 groups as mild-moderate OSAS group (Group I) and severe OSAS group (Group II). In both groups, coronary angiography was examined using the SX score.
The disadvantage of current resections, ablations, expansions, re-locations, suturing, nerves stimulation techniques or transoral robotics surgery is their invasiveness or morbidity. In contrast to this, the bipolar RF interventions respectfully to basic valuable anatomical and physiological knowledge as well to the new pathophysiological and histological research, maintain the involved anatomical structures intact and due to their simplicity and low patient impediment are still advantageous as the means of first therapeutically choice.
This work is intended to study respiratory function during sleep in positive Covid patients in order to evaluate the presence of sleep apnea syndrome as risk factor that predispose to Covid infection.Data shows that the comorbidities in Covid patients are obesity, hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases [1].It is considered acceptable to use > 70% of the nights, good > 80% of the nights and excellent > 90% of the nights [10].At the end, for each patient we have associated the presence of one or more comorbidities.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is a consequence of a reduced area at the upper respiratory tract that leads to obstruction and cessation of airflow, causing oxygen desaturation and fragmentation of the sleep architecture. Between 60 and 70% of patients with OSAS are obese.
Background: Understanding of patient preferences is increasingly seen as an important factor to improve the effectiveness of care, especially in chronic conditions such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Evidence of preferences of patients with OSA is still limited, though the disease is highly prevalent. Methods: Aim of the study was to improve understanding of the relevance of treatment attributes among OSA patients. Based on a structured questionnaire, the relevance of attributes of OSA treatments as well as willingness-to-pay were evaluated. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to define segments of patients with homogenous sets of importance ratings. Results: 78 consecutive subjects with a mean age 60.97 ± 13.25 years and different OSA history participated in the study. The overall Cronbach’s alpha was 0.748 with acceptable reliabilities for isolated items. Reducing risk of comorbidities was ranked most important (7.23 ± 1.40), followed by improving daytime sleepiness (6.91 ± 1.85) and ease of therapy application (6.90 ± 1.32), while co-payments of treatments (5.12 ± 2.47) and visibility of treatment (5.21 ± 2.26) were ranked least important on an eight-level Likert scale. Median willingness-to-pay for OSA treatment was € 10-20 per month. Three patient segments could be identified which consisted of homogenous sets of preferences: segment 1: Symptom improvement, segment 2: Physical integrity, segment 3: Treatment efficiency. Conclusion: Importance of treatments attributes differs among patients with OSA. Gender and treatment history influence the importance ranking. Segments of patients with a common attitude to treatment attributes could be defined. These findings could help to increase disease understanding and preferences from a patient perspective and develop a more patient-centric approach to OSA care.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak most countries have resorted to enforced lockdowns. Being forced to stay home people are prone to succumb to various kind of stressors and may later develop psychological problems like anxiety, depression and insomnia. Taking advantage of this situation we developed a survey to study sleep disruptions due to prolonged isolation.
OBJECTIVES/BACKGROUND:Sleep disruption is prevalent in older patients. No previous studies have considered the impact of surgery duration or surgery end time of day on postoperative sleep disruption. Accordingly, we examined the duration of surgery and surgery end times for associations with postoperative sleep disruption.METHODS:Inclusion criteria were patients ≥ 65 years of age undergoing major, non-cardiac surgery. Sleep disruption was measured by wrist actigraphy and defined as wake after sleep onset (WASO) during the night, or inactivity/sleep time during the day. The sleep opportunity window was set from 22:00 to 06:00 which coincided with "lights off and on" in the hospital. WASO during this 8-hour period on the first postoperative day was categorized into one of three groups: ≤ 15%, 15-25%, and > 25%. Daytime sleep (inactivity) during the first postoperative day was categorized as ≤ 20%, 20-40%, and > 40%. Statistical analyses were conducted to test for associations between surgery duration, surgery end time and sleep disruption on the first postoperative day and following night.RESULTS:For this sample of 156 patients, surgery duration ≥ 6 hours and surgery end time after 19:00 were not associated with WASO groups (p = 0.17, p = 0.94, respectively). Furthermore, daytime sleep was also not affected by surgery duration or surgery end time (p = 0.07, p = 0.06 respectively).CONCLUSION:Our hypothesis that patients with longer duration or later-ending operations have increased postoperative sleep disruption was not supported. Our results suggest the pathophysiology of postoperative sleep disruption needs further investigation.
Citation: Afrashi A (2020) Visualizing of Upper Respiratory Tract during Physiologicaly Sleep. J Sleep Disord Manag 6:029. doi.org/10.23937/2572-4053.1510029 Accepted: November 12, 2020: Published: November 14, 2020 Copyright: © 2020 Afrashi A. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Journal of Sleep Disorders and Management
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep respiratory disorder characterized by an intermittent complete or partial collapse of the upper airways, resulting in apnea and hypopnea events. Breathing pauses cause acute adverse effects including oxyhemoglobin desaturation, changes in blood pressure and heart rate, increased sympathetic activity, cortical arousals (micro awakenings) and sleep fragmentation.
In sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) a superior airway collapse can occur in the anteroposterioror lateral direction. The primary or secondary decrease in the tone of the dilating muscles of the pharynx, due to the negative pressure produced by the contraction of the diaphragm cause the collapse. Pharyngoplasty surgical techniques try to improve lateral collapse by repositioning the muscles that constitute the pharyngeal lateral wall, mainly the palatopharyngeal (PP), palatoglossal (PG) and upper constrictor (UC).
