Background: Short- and long-term consequences after treatment for childhood fossa posterior tumors are extensively reported in the literature; however, papers highlighting physical function throughout rehabilitation and its correlation with Intelligence Quotient (IQ) are sparse. This study aims to describe the physical functioning and IQ of these survivors, their progression during rehabilitation, and the association with histopathological tumor classification. Additionally, the correlation between gross motor functioning and cognitive functioning was investigated. Methods: This retrospective single-center cohort study included 56 children (35 (62.5%) males and 21 (37.5%) females, with an average age of 6.51 years (SD 4.13)) who followed a multidisciplinary program at the Child Rehabilitation Centre, Ghent University Hospital in the period from 2005 to 2020. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed with the use of non-parametric tests and linear regression to determine the relationship between gross motor functioning and IQ. Results: This report shows impaired motor and intelligence performance in children with a fossa posterior tumor. Although multidisciplinary rehabilitation is beneficial, it is not able to counteract the further decline of several motor skills and intelligence during oncological treatment, more specifically in children with a medulloblastoma. A correlation between gross motor function and total IQ was found. Conclusion: Pediatric survivors of a fossa posterior tumor experience impaired physical and intellectual functions, with more decline during oncological treatment despite simultaneous multidisciplinary rehabilitation.
Musculoskeletal pain involving a region of the spine with radiation to the head, trunk, or extremities is relatively common in daily medical practice, such as upper- neck pain with headache, lower-neck pain and discomfort in the shoulders and arms, or low-back pain with sciatica. The instability of a vertebral segment produces a persistent barrage of nociceptive impulses that trigger peripheral and central sensitization phenomena, affecting the metamere innervated by the corresponding nerve root. This process produces clinical manifestations of hyperalgesia and/or allodynia in dermatomes, myotomes, and sclerotomes with a typical regional distribution known as spinal segmental sensitization (SSS). The activation of new peripheral nociceptive foci within the affected metamere can further aggravate the clinical picture. This disorder is usually classified as non-specific for being a somatosensory nervous system dysfunction without evident structural damage, which can lead to confusion since the magnitude of pain and disability reported by the patient appear to be disproportionate to the findings of auxiliary tests. In the absence of a timely diagnosis and adequate treatment, patients may resort to alternative therapies, which often do not solve the problem. The use of a standardized set of diagnostic criteria will help clinicians identify SSS and help researchers conduct studies in homogeneous populations. This review of its pathophysiology provides a foundation for rationally and systematically establishing the best treatment schemes and thus will benefit the many patients who suffer from this syndrome, which represents a challenge for
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has transmitted almost all over the world after evolving from Wuhan, China in December 2019. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic on March 11, 2020 [1]. COVID-19 is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [2,3], which transfers from an infected person to a susceptible person via direct contact (e.g., handshaking, hugging) or indirect contact through touching materials or objects that are contaminated by an infected person (e.g., doorknob, handrail, paper tissue) [4,5]. It can also spread via airborne route (i.e., through aerosols created by expiratory activities) [6,7], which is a real concern. SARS-CoV-2 is a nanosized virus. It varies from 65 to 125 nm [8]. Having such a small size, SARSCoV-2 could likely be spread in airborne route.
animating a skeletal character in computer-aided muscular rehabilitation, we innovate in both skinning and dynamic simulation. First, a new rigging scheme is proposed for transforming the bone- constrained nodes; and the motion of the unconstrained nodes can be efficiently computed by dynamic deformation simulation. Secondly, a position-based dynamics framework is employed; instead of geometrical constraints, nonlinear strain-based constraints are utilized in the tetrahedral body mesh deformation. Thirdly, in order to improve the computational performance, a unique layered constraint solving scheme is designed to solve the constraints in an ordered way; anisotropic deformations of the body mesh can be achieved by the desired stretch and shear coefficients in the different layers. Finally, we provide an interactive tool for local reference frames which control the anisotropic deformation behaviours. Real-time skeletal animation can be realized, and the model is stable even in the cases of large deformation and degeneration. The comparative advantages over the competing methods are presented and verified with experiments.
New intracellular Ca 2+ signal consisting of two successive peaks in hepatocytes is found during liver regeneration after 70% partial hepatectomy in rats [1,2].
Data Acquisition: A retrospective chart review was performed on all patients at a single academic medical centre between 2010 and 2019 with approval by the ethical committee of Wuhan Children's Hospital.A total of 40 patients aged 2-96 months, who were definitively diagnosed as SMA according to clinical symptoms, typical electromyographic patterns, and genetic testing.Patients were diagnosed with SMA1, SMA2, or SMA3 according to the criterion [1-3].The included criterion: patients were newly diagnosed based on gene examinations and had AbstractIntroduction: Motor nerve conduction (MNC) in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type 2 and 3 had no characteristic change, and it may also occur in disorders that clinically mimic SMA type 2 and 3.There is little information about MNC in SMA type 2 and 3 and mimics.Methods: Evaluation of MNC features from 90 patients with SMA type 2 and 3 mimics and 30 patients with SMA type 2 and 3.Results: A selective remarkably low amplitude M-wave in tibial nerve as a marker in spinal muscular atrophy type 2 and 3, which can distinguish this type of disease from other mimic diseases.Discussion: A selective M-wave with remarkedly low amplitude in tibial nerve was typical feature in SMA type 2 and 3 that can distinguish from other mimic diseases.
Pain, swelling, limited range of motion, progressive muscle weakness, instability, and inability to return to play are the most important clinical outcomes of ACL injury [4]. Moreover, studies that have considered biomechanics, identified three main kinematic consequences of the injury like loss of control of anterior translation of the tibia, a modification of the axis of rotation in the knee joint, and poor synchronization between the lateral femoral condyle and tibia [5]. Therefore, surgical intervention for ACL reconstruction have been recommended as the first choice [6] alongside with physical therapy and rehabilitation strategies which could deeply influence the outcomes [7]. Thus, the role of physical therapy began from the earliest possible phase by using modalities and in particular exercise therapy [8].
However, this tool has not been adapted according to the specific characteristics of each ward, although many studies have been made on falls in chronic disease wards and in patients with cerebral infarction. In addition, no fall risk assessment tool to predict falls in hospitalized patients from each department has been statistically verified to predict the accuracy, suggesting that patients at risk of falls may not be accurately grasped. As the cause of falls differs in each ward, dealing with each department is desirable. The fall rate in respiratory wards is known to be high [3,4], but the cause remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to analyse the risk of falls in respiratory wards.
Introduction:Inadequate access to healthcare resources resulting in unmet needs is a global issue that needs to be addressed.Canada and the United States have substantially distinct healthcare systems that have the potential to differ in the prevalence and presentation of "unmet needs."Physiotherapists, in collaboration with other healthcare professionals, are in a unique position to contribute to closing gaps in access. Purpose:The purpose of this scoping review is to explore unmet needs for community-based physiotherapy services in adults in Canada and the United States.Methods: A scoping review methodology will be used to guide an in-depth literature search in three electronic databases: Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE and EBSCOhost CINAHL.All titles and abstracts identified by the search will be screened by two independent reviewers, according to specific inclusion criteria such as language, publication date and population.The full texts of articles which are considered to meet all inclusion criteria will be reviewed in Covidence, by two independent reviewers and assessed for inclusion in the scoping review.Data will then be extracted from each article by two independent reviewers, using a data extraction table.This extracted data will be displayed in tables and results will be connected to the objective of this review through a narrative summary. Conclusions:The data collected from the proposed review will explore unmet needs for adult physiotherapy services in the community.Potential barriers to access, as well as shared and unique unmet needs in Canada and the United States will be identified.
Postural control in patients with MS has been studied extensively over the last decades [21].For an overview of the currently available technologies to assess balance in MS see Shanahan et al. [22].Findings from previous studies assessing body sway in patients with MS [23] could be confirmed when studying balance in MS patients with body worn gyroscopes.In these latter studies, MS patients with clinically apparent minimal disability showed altered body sway compared to healthy controls [20,[24][25][26].
The novel coronavirus outbreak causing a global pandemic is highly infectious disease, by Person-to-person transmission, mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets and close contact [1]. Also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2. The covid-19 mainly affects the respiratory system. it has been shown that the disease affects other systems which is may lead to death in severe cases, due to diminished physical and pulmonary functions [1].
Objective: To evaluate the intensity and frequency of musculoskeletal pain among patients who attended physical therapy (PT) clinics and take statins. Design:A cross-sectional survey.Setting: Five outpatient PT clinics in one Health Maintenance Organization in Israel.Participants: Patients over 40 years old with musculoskeletal pain who applied for PT.Statin therapy was considered if given for a period of over two months.Patients with other diseases that could cause musculoskeletal pain were excluded. Main outcome measures:Musculoskeletal pain was evaluated by the Modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire.Data on statin intake and type, treatment duration, cardiovascular diseases, other medication, and demographic variables were collected by personal interviews and medical records.T and Chi 2 -tests evaluated differences between continuous and categorical variables, respectively.Regression logistic analysis evaluated the contribution of independent variables to musculoskeletal intensity and frequency.Results: Patients who attended PT and took statins had a higher frequency of musculoskeletal pain in multiple body sites, more frequent pain in the past year and higher pain intensity over the past week compared to non-statin taking patients.There was a significant positive correlation between pain frequency and intensity (r=0.64,p <0.05) and negative correlation between pain intensity and physical activity (r=-.16,p <0.05). Conclusions:Patients who attend PT clinics and take statins suffer from higher severity and frequency of musculoskeletal pain compared to patients who attended PT and do not take statins.These results should be taken in account during patient physical assessment and PT intervention.
Stroke affects at least 150 to 200 out of 100 000 people in industrial countries per year [1]. A large proportion of stroke survivors suffer from a severe long-term gait disorder limiting their ability to ambulate in the community [2]. Reduced ability to adapt to environmental constraints [3], poor endurance [4] and slow gait speed [5] characterize walking after stroke. Weakness in specific muscle groups, development of spasticity, reduced afferent sensory feedback and sensory perception [6], as well as disturbed cognition [7], contribute to the complex movement disorder of upper motor neuron syndrome (UMNS).
Background: Individuals with a Transfemoral Amputation (TFA) may encounter impediments in day to day life because of decreased mobility. The utilization of “Stubby” prostheses in bilateral transfemoral amputees has been pushed by several authors. The significant focal points of these prostheses are that they 1) Lower the Centre of Gravity, decreasing the rate and reality of falls and 2) eliminate prosthetic knee joint, providing better control and possible reducing the cardiovascular stress of ambulation 3) Cosmesis has been the significant hindrance. Case description and method: The stubby prosthesis was designed on basis of patient’s condition and complaint. Result: The prostheses provided optimal mediolateral stability, allowed easy balance, Prevented falling backward and push-off was initiated by rocker bottom. Conclusion: This Prosthesis is an economic and design with proper biomechanical implications.
Varied education sources concerning cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors exist. This study was to assess the knowledge level of CVD risk factors across age groups and whether certain educational sources contributed to greater knowledge. Participant groups were those who had completed outpatient cardiac rehabilitation, general adults, college students, high school, and elementary school students. The survey consisted of demographics, sources of CVD risk factor information, and 11 questions assessing CVD risk factor knowledge. Relationships between survey data and score on the exam were explored with multiple regression, Chi-square, and t tests. 406 surveys were administered with 381 analyzed (93.8%). There were significant differences between groups’ knowledge of CVD risk factors (p = 0.034) with college students knowing the most (88% correct) and elementary students the least (77%). Significant differences between groups existed for knowledge from formal education and mass media (p < 0.001), along with internet and family experience (p < 0.003). Family discussion had the greatest odds ratio for high level of knowledge (− 3.78). Age groups received CVD risk factor education from different sources leading to small, but significant differences in knowledge. Knowledge levels in this study were high over all age groups.
With advances in research and technology over the latter part of the 20 th century more innovative interventions aimed at restoring upper
